The True Forge of India’s Soul:

Why Hindutva Divides

and the

Gospel Unites

Naveen Kumar Vadde
and
George Anthony Paul
All rights reserved

No part of this book may be reproduced, or stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without express written permission of the publisher.

First Edition: August 2025

Raktha Sakshi Apologetics Series: In the Blessed Memory of Christian Martyrs of India

ISBN- 9798266968905

Cover design by: Elijah Arpan
Printed in the United States of America

Dedication {#dedication}

To the Lord Jesus Christ,
the true forgiver and builder of nations,
whose Gospel alone unites what man’s ideologies divide.

To the faithful missionaries—known and unknown—
who poured out their lives in service to India,
teaching, healing, and lifting up the oppressed.

And to the people of India,
that they may discover their true identity,
not in blood or soil, but in the Savior who makes all things new.

—Naveen Kumar Vadde & George Anthony Paul

Preface {#preface}

India stands at a crossroads of history. At stake is not merely politics or policy, but the very soul of a nation. Competing visions are at work: one that seeks to bind India to an exclusivist narrative of blood, soil, and ritual; and another that, through the witness of the Gospel, affirms the dignity, equality, and hope given by the Creator to all people.

This book was written to examine these forces honestly, historically, and biblically. We trace the roots of Hindutva, its ideological foundations in Brahmanical nationalism, and its tragic fruit in division and violence. At the same time, we highlight the enduring contributions of Christian missions—schools, hospitals, social reforms, and above all, the proclamation of Christ—that have brought light and healing to millions.

Our aim is not to offer a neutral commentary. We write from the conviction that every worldview must be tested against the truth of God’s Word. Hindutva, like all human attempts to define unity apart from God, collapses into oppression and incoherence. The Gospel alone provides the consistent foundation for justice, freedom, and brotherhood. We believe the question “Who forged India’s soul?” cannot be answered without first asking, “Who is Lord over India?”

We are deeply indebted to those whose scholarship, sacrifice, and witness informed these pages. Many missionaries, pastors, reformers, and ordinary believers lived and died so that India might know the love of Christ. Their stories, often overlooked or distorted, deserve to be remembered. We especially honor the countless Christian martyrs in India—both past and present—whose blood has become seed for the church. Their faithfulness under persecution reminds us that Christ continues to build His church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.

Among these is our dear brother Praveen Pagadala, who was killed for his bold proclamation of the Gospel. His unwavering courage and his love for Christ stand as a living testimony that the soul of a nation is not forged by violence or power, but by the truth that Jesus is Lord. His memory strengthens our resolve to speak with boldness, clarity, and compassion.

We also write with gratitude to our families and mentors who encouraged us in this work, often at great personal cost. And above all, we dedicate this book to the glory of the Triune God, who “made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth… that they should seek God” (Acts 17:26–27).

It is our prayer that this book will equip readers—whether Christian, Hindu, or seeker of truth—to see clearly the battle for India’s identity and to recognize that only in the Gospel of Jesus Christ can a nation, and a soul, truly be forged.

Naveen Kumar Vadde & George Anthony Paul

Acknowledgments {#acknowledgments}

We give our highest thanks to our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, the true author of history, without whom this work would have no meaning. It is His Gospel that unites what human ideologies divide, and it is for His glory that we have labored to write these pages.

We acknowledge with deep gratitude the lives and sacrifices of the countless Christian missionaries—both foreign and indigenous—who poured themselves out for India. Through their schools, hospitals, translations, and tireless witness, they laid a foundation of truth and justice that continues to bless generations. We especially remember the Christian martyrs of India, whose blood was shed for the testimony of Jesus. Their courage in the face of violence is a reminder that “righteousness exalts a nation” and that true freedom is found only in Christ.

We also honor the life of our beloved brother Praveen Pagadala, who sealed his witness with his blood for boldly proclaiming the Gospel. His faithfulness inspires us to speak the truth without fear, knowing that to live is Christ and to die is gain.

This work would not have been possible without the encouragement, prayers, and sacrifices of our families. We thank our wives, children, and extended family members, who bore with us patiently as we invested long hours in research and writing. Their love and support reflect Christ’s own grace to us.
We are indebted to the many scholars, historians, and theologians whose works we have engaged, whether in agreement or in critique. Their research provided valuable insights, and our interaction with their ideas sharpened the arguments presented here.

Special thanks also go to our friends, colleagues, and fellow believers who reviewed drafts, offered feedback, and stood alongside us in prayer. Your partnership has been a reminder that the task of defending truth and proclaiming Christ is never done alone, but within the fellowship of the body of Christ.

Finally, we thank every reader who takes up this book. May you not only engage with its arguments but also hear the deeper call of the Gospel—that Jesus Christ alone is Lord over nations and hearts alike.

To Him be the glory forever.
Naveen Kumar Vadde & George Anthony Paul

Dedication 3

Preface 4

Acknowledgments 6

Introduction: The Battle for India’s Identity 9

Chapter 1: Roots of Hindutva – The Rise of Brahmanical Nationalism 14

Chapter 2: Christian Missions and the Call for a True Christian Brotherhood in India 30

Chapter 3: The Antithesis of Visions—God’s Kingdom vs. Man’s Dominion 46

Chapter 4: The Outworking of Idolatry—An Alleged Network of Terror 56

Chapter 5: An Evaluation of Competing Foundations in Modern India 66

Chapter 6: The Spiritual Conflict in Contemporary India (2025) 75

Conclusion: Forging a Nation on the Rock of Christ 85

The Battle Over India’s Soul Today 86

Contemporary Hindutva Activity In Nation Building See End Of The Book 90

About the Author: Naveen Kumar Vadde 215

About the Author: George Anthony Paul 216

Books By Naveen Kumar Vadde 217

Books by George Anthony Paul 217

Introduction: The Battle for India’s Identity {#introduction:-the-battle-for-india’s-identity}

At the core of every nation's identity lies a fundamental question: What ultimate authority shapes its laws, culture, and purpose? For India, this question reveals a profound conflict between competing visions of reality. On one side stands the exclusivist nationalism of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and its Hindutva ideology, which seeks to define the nation as a Hindu Rashtra, grounded in human-devised notions of blood, soil, and ritual. On the other side is the pluralistic witness of Christian missionaries, whose work in education, healthcare, and social upliftment reflects a commitment to the Creator's design for human dignity and unity amid diversity. This book, Who Forged India's Soul?, examines these opposing forces, demonstrating that the RSS's agenda—marked by division, alleged acts of terror, and communal strife—rebels against the divine order revealed in Scripture, while the missionaries' efforts align with God's sovereign purpose for nations to reflect His justice and mercy. As Proverbs 14:34 declares, "Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people" (ESV).1 Without presupposing the Triune God as the source of all truth and authority, no worldview can coherently account for unity, justice, or the value of human life; Hindutva, like all autonomous human systems, collapses into incoherence and oppression, whereas the Gospel provides the only consistent foundation for a society's flourishing.

The RSS, established in 1925 by Keshav Baliram Hedgewar, draws its core from V.D. Savarkar's Hindutva: Who is a Hindu? (1923), which ties Indian identity to a triad of fatherland (pitribhumi), holy land (punyabhumi), and Hindu culture, thereby sidelining those whose faith points beyond India's borders, such as Christians and Muslims.2 This framework presupposes a man-centered unity, rooted in ethnic and ritual purity rather than the Creator's decree. Critics rightly identify it as a threat to true communal harmony: it demands assimilation under a false religious canopy, undermining the biblical principle that all nations are accountable to God's law, not human invention (Psalm 2:1-3).3 As one analyst observes, this ideology poses a "menace to India's secular democracy," fostering division by insisting minorities conform or face exclusion.4 Another critique highlights its aim to shatter India's shared cultural heritage through enforced Hindu dominance, leading to societal polarization.5 Most gravely, allegations emerge of RSS-linked groups orchestrating terrorist acts—such as the 2007 Samjhauta Express bombing (claiming 70 lives) and the 2007 Ajmer Sharif blast—framing innocents to advance their cause.6 These claims, bolstered by judicial findings against RSS affiliates in the Ajmer case,7 expose a pattern of betrayal against the divine command to "do no injustice in court" and to love one's neighbor (Leviticus 19:15; Matthew 22:39).8 Further accusations point to complicity in the 2008 slaying of Anti-Terrorism Squad chief Hemant Karkare, who uncovered these networks, illustrating how autonomous worldviews, unchecked by God's truth, devolve into violence and deceit.9

In sharp contrast, Christian missionaries in India, tracing back to the first-century St. Thomas Christians, have built the nation through acts of service that presuppose God's sovereign grace over all peoples. Their institutions—schools like St. Stephen's College in Delhi and hospitals like the Christian Medical College in Vellore—serve all without regard to creed, embodying the biblical mandate to "seek the welfare of the city" (Jeremiah 29:7) and to care for the marginalized as unto Christ (Matthew 25:40).10 Indigenous leaders like Pandita Ramabai, through her Mukti Mission for widows, challenged caste oppression, aligning with Scripture's declaration that in God "there is no partiality" (Acts 10:34).11 The 1914 All India Conference of Indian Christians affirmed self-rule (swaraj) while rejecting partition, promoting a unity rooted in divine providence rather than ethnic exclusion.12 In regions like Northeast India, missionary education has fostered transformation, with 97% of Nagaland's population identifying as Christian by 2011, demonstrating how the Gospel integrates diverse tribes under God's kingship (Acts 17:26-27).13 Yet, the RSS brands these efforts as "anti-national," accusing missionaries of coerced conversions—a charge that masks their own coercive agenda and ignores the biblical truth that faith comes by hearing the Word, not by force (Romans 10:17).14 Such demonization, as noted in critiques, serves to justify fabricated accusations and violence against minorities, revealing Hindutva's incompatibility with the Creator's design for peaceful coexistence.15

This clash of visions finds its roots in India's colonial and post-independence history, where human authorities exploited divisions, but God's providence worked through faithful witnesses. British rule (1757-1947) amplified communal tensions, which the RSS exploited to rally against perceived threats, while missionaries supported reforms that uplifted the oppressed. The independence movement, guided by leaders committed to pluralism, received missionary backing in education and social equity, reflecting the cultural mandate to subdue the earth under God's rule (Genesis 1:28).16 However, the RSS abstained from key anti-colonial efforts like the 1942 Quit India Movement, and Savarkar's wartime collaboration with the British—including recruitment drives and a pension (1924-1937)—betrayed the cause of liberty, prioritizing ethnic ideology over justice.17 Post-1947, the RSS's influence via the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has deepened polarization through acts like the 2019 CAA and state anti-conversion laws, which marginalize minorities and echo the biblical warning against oppressing the sojourner (Exodus 22:21).18 Allegations of RSS-orchestrated terror, including wrongful imprisonments in blasts like Samjhauta and Malegaon, underscore this betrayal, as does the claimed elimination of Karkare to shield operatives.19 These actions presuppose a false autonomy, where man sets himself as lawgiver, leading to chaos, as Scripture foretells: "Woe to those who call evil good and good evil" (Isaiah 5:20).20

This book contends that the RSS's exclusivist nationalism, illuminated by documented critiques of its violence and anti-minority stance, rebels against God's ordained pluralism for nations, fostering division rather than the righteousness that exalts (Proverbs 14:34).21 In opposition, Christian missionaries' legacy upholds the Constitution's commitment to unity in diversity, grounded in the biblical reality that all peoples are made in God's image (Genesis 1:27).22 The methodology employs historical analysis, primary sources (e.g., Savarkar's Hindutva, Golwalkar's Bunch of Thoughts, missionary archives), and scholarly evaluations to assess these legacies. While claims of RSS terror and Karkare's death are debated, they rest on evidence like ATS investigations and court rulings, providing a solid basis for examination.23,24

The book unfolds in six chapters:

Roots of Hindutva – The Rise of Brahmanical Nationalism: Explores the RSS's origins, fascist leanings (e.g., Golwalkar's praise for Nazi methods), and independence-era betrayals, critiqued through lenses of divine justice.

Christian Missions – A Nationalism: Details missionaries' roles in education, healthcare, and anti-caste upliftment, mirroring God's care for the oppressed.

Clash of Visions – Inclusion vs. Exclusivity: Contrasts Hindutva's assimilation demands with missionary pluralism, highlighting RSS-linked violence like the 1999 Staines murder.

The RSS’s Terror Network – Framing Muslims and Killing Karkare: Investigates allegations of orchestrated blasts and Karkare's death, exposing incoherence in godless ideologies.

Contributions to Modern India: Balances RSS claims of Hindu unity against missionaries' equity, revealing betrayals like Gandhi's assassination.

Tensions in Contemporary India: Examines RSS dominance under BJP, with anti-minority violence contrasting missionaries' enduring work.

The recurring tagline Who Forged India’s Soul? invites reflection on whether India's identity emerges from RSS exclusivism, which homogenizes through force, or missionary pluralism, which embraces diversity under God's sovereignty.

This introduction frames a critical probe into India's formation, unveiling the RSS's alleged fracturing of pluralism through communalism and terror, as evidenced by key critiques.25 In contrast, it affirms missionaries' inclusive legacy, empowering the marginalized and fostering unity. By examining these identities, the book urges consideration of whose vision—man-centered exclusion or God-ordained inclusion—truly shapes India's soul, with implications for its future in 2025 and beyond, as nations rise or fall by their alignment with divine truth (Psalm 33:12).26

Chapter 1: Roots of Hindutva – The Rise of Brahmanical Nationalism {#chapter-1:-roots-of-hindutva-–-the-rise-of-brahmanical-nationalism}

Every human endeavor to define a nation's essence presupposes an ultimate authority, yet without acknowledging the Triune God as the sovereign Creator and Lawgiver, such attempts inevitably fracture into inconsistency and oppression. The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), founded in 1925 by Keshav Baliram Hedgewar, a Maharashtrian Chitpavan Brahmin, embodies the origins of modern Hindu nationalism, anchored in the ideology of Hindutva—a vision of India as a Hindu Rashtra that elevates human-constructed notions of cultural and religious identity above divine ordinance. This chapter traces Hindutva's beginnings, its Brahmanical foundations, and its exclusivist program, which critics contend betrayed India's pluralistic heritage and the struggle for independence. Drawing upon allegations of RSS-orchestrated terror, critiques of its anti-secular posture, and exposures of its divisive methods, we examine how the RSS's early ideology sowed seeds of communal fragmentation, standing in stark opposition to the inclusive principles derived from God's Word, which commands justice for all peoples (Micah 6:8).1 As Scripture warns, when men devise systems apart from God's revelation, they suppress the truth in unrighteousness, leading to bondage rather than true liberty (Romans 1:18-21).2 The chapter engages the book's central query—Who Forged India’s Soul?—probing whether the RSS's Brahmanical nationalism unified the nation or shattered its diverse fabric, revealing the futility of autonomous worldviews that reject the Creator's design for societal order.

Anandamath: A "Bible" for Hindutva

The organized violence against Muslims and the destruction of their properties by RSS cadres in Gujarat in 2002 stem from a deeply ingrained philosophy of hatred toward minorities, propagated for over three-quarters of a century. To grasp the emergence of contemporary fascist Hindu nationalism, one must delve into its historical origins and development. The ideology of Hindu nationalism, which arose in the latter half of the nineteenth century under high-caste Hindu leadership, featured two core elements: an intense animosity toward Muslims, coupled with a violent impulse to eradicate them, and a profound affinity for the imperialist rulers. The concept of the Hindu Rashtra has consistently upheld these foundational aspects.

Anandamath, a Bengali novel by Bankimchandra Chatterjee, represents the inaugural significant work delineating the Hindu Rashtra, explicitly incorporating these elements. Even today, Anandamath serves as a "bible" for adherents of the Hindu Rashtra. Before citing passages from the novel, it is essential to note key details about the work and its author. This novel includes the song "Vande Mataram." Anandamath narrates the story of the Hindu Sanyasi Rebellion in late eighteenth-century North Bengal against the province's Muslim rulers. The rebels refer to themselves as "Santans" (children). Published between 1882 and 1885, the novel appeared twenty-five years after the 1857 Great War of Independence, when even nominal Muslim authority had ceased. Notably, British assessments primarily blamed Muslims for the 1857 uprising, resulting in severe penalties against them.

Anandamath emerged during the formal establishment of British sovereignty over much of India. Intriguingly, Bankim, the author, was directly appointed as Deputy Magistrate in 1858 by the British Lieutenant Governor of Bengal—the first Indian to hold such a position post-1857. Upon retiring as District Magistrate in 1891, he received the titles Rai Bahadur and CIE from the British Crown for his loyal service to the Raj and Empire.

Often hailed as a nationalist epic, Anandamath functions as a foundational text for modern Hindutva organizations like the RSS and BJP. The novel acts as a "bible" by offering a detailed blueprint for their ideologies, intertwining religious zeal, caste hierarchy, and a disturbingly violent conception of national identity. Far from advocating Indian liberation, the novel, as critics argue, is a "reactionary text" that ultimately advanced Brahminical supremacy and British imperialism. This approach presupposes man's autonomy in defining identity and justice, but Scripture reveals that such self-devised systems lead to idolatry and injustice, as nations are called to serve the living God rather than false constructs (Isaiah 42:8).3 Without the biblical foundation that all authority derives from Christ (Matthew 28:18),4 these ideologies collapse into oppression, failing to account for the inherent dignity of all image-bearers of God (Genesis 1:27).5

The novel's enduring legacy lies in its justification of sectarian violence against Muslims. The "Santans," portrayed as heroes, are not freedom fighters but a fanatical cadre engaging in looting, arson, and forced conversions. This horrific depiction of assaults on Muslim communities—including burning villages and murdering inhabitants—is no mere historical relic. Reports indicate that these tactics were later simulated as "games" in Hindutva training sessions, and the narrative's exhortation to "cleanse the land of Muslims" inspired subsequent atrocities, such as the Babri Masjid demolition and the 2002 Gujarat carnage. Such violence betrays the divine command against murder and partiality, rooted in man's rebellion against God's law (Exodus 20:13; James 2:9).6

Moreover, Anandamath entrenched a vision of Brahminical and caste-based hierarchy as the ideal social order. The rebellion is not an inclusive, democratic uprising but a "caste-coded crusade" where Brahmins monopolize leadership, ideology, and spiritual authority. The narratives omit the suffering and perspectives of lower castes. The novel's notion of "freedom" entails not liberation for all but the restoration of Brahminical dominance—a worldview that aligns seamlessly with Hindutva's hierarchical principles. This structure presupposes a human-ordained inequality, but the Bible declares that in God's kingdom, there is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, for all are one in Christ (Galatians 3:28),7 demanding societal spheres that reflect divine justice across all domains of life.

Crucially, the novel glorifies collaboration with the British, favoring their rule over Muslim governance. In a profound betrayal of anti-colonial aspirations, the British are depicted not as adversaries but as a "necessary force for renewal." A pivotal scene features a mystic leader proclaiming, "there is no possibility of restoring the Sanatan virtue without the Englishman becoming King." This narrative redirects animosity from colonizers toward internal "impurities"—the Muslims—serving the British "divide and rule" policy. This insidious endorsement of British dominion became a cornerstone for so-called Hindu nationalism and its proponents. Politically, this collaboration reveals the incoherence of autonomous nationalism: without submission to God's providence over history (Daniel 2:21),8 such movements ally with oppressors, undermining true sovereignty that belongs to the Lord alone.

Finally, the novel's renowned contribution, the hymn Vande Mataram, is portrayed not as a unifying anthem for freedom but as a sectarian religious chant. By personifying the nation as a goddess, it alienated Muslims and other non-Hindus, fracturing the unity essential for a genuine anti-colonial effort. The song symbolized exclusion, solidifying a nationalism inherently non-inclusive and based on a singular Hindu religious identity. This deification of the nation presupposes idolatry, which Scripture condemns as worship of created things rather than the Creator (Romans 1:25),9 leading to social division instead of the biblical call to peace among peoples (Hebrews 12:14).10

In essence, Anandamath is regarded as a "bible" for Hindutva because it furnished a comprehensive ideological framework—one combining religious fervor, anti-Muslim violence, a hierarchical caste structure, and a readiness to align with foreign powers to achieve its ends. It is a text that, according to this analysis, did not empower the oppressed but betrayed the vision of a truly united and free India, highlighting the vanity of worldviews that reject God's absolute authority over nations (Psalm 2:10-12).11

Let us now examine relevant passages from Anandamath. Thus, Bankim described the defenders of the Hindu Dharma, the Sanyasi rebels: “Later they started sending up the spies to the village after village. After going to the villages and finding out the Hindus there, the spies asked them, ‘brothers, would you worship the Lord Bishnu?’ They gathered 20/25 persons by this means, they came down to the Muslim villages and torched their houses. The Muslims were worried for safety of their lives and the Santans robbed them of everything and distributed the booty amongst the new devotees of the Lord Bishnu. Obtaining share of the booty, the rural people were satisfied; they were brought down to the Bishnu temple and converted to the virtues of Santans after touching the feet of the idol. The people found that Santanism paid instant dividends…They organized themselves in groups and went out to subdue the Muslims…They brought home money by way of looting wherever they found it. Wherever they got the Muslim villages, they reduced them to ashes by arson.”12

The following are the minutes of a meeting of the Santans as described in the novel: “Someone shouted, ‘kill, kill, kill Muslims, others shouted as victory, victory, victory to the Maharaj’…Some other said, ‘brothers, when the Sunday would come up while I would build up a temple of Radhamadhab, demolishing down the mosque.’”13

And here are graphic details from Anandamath of a post-victory jubilation of the Hindu Army and Muslim cleansing: “The country was replete with the shouting of name of Hare in the night. The Santans wandered here and there in group-by-group…Someone ran amuck towards the village, someone towards the town, caught the traveller or other house-hold people and asked them to recite as ‘I salute thee mother’ otherwise I would kill you, someone lives on looting of the sweet-maker’s shop, someone goes to the house of the cow-heard, sips the curd after bringing down the soil pots. Someone [sic] say, we are milkmen coming from Braja, where are the milk maids? Great uproars prevailed in village after village, town after town within one night. Everybody said, the Muslims have been defeated, the country belonged to the Hindus again. All of you tell once again in open loud voice, ‘Hari, Hari’. The rural people ran out to kill the Muslims while coming across them. In the night, someone were organized in groups and going to the Muslim locality, they torched their houses and looted their everything. Many Muslims were killed, many of them shaved their beards, smeared their bodies with soil and started singing the name of Hari. When asked, they said, we were Hindus. The frightened Muslims rushed towards the town in group after group…The Muslims said, Allah, Allah! Is the Koran Sareef [sic] (holy Koran) proved entirely wrong after so many days? We pray namaz for five times but couldn’t finish the sandal-pasted Hindus. All the universe is false.”14

The recent pogrom of Muslims in Gujarat bears witness to countless reenactments of this scene from Anandamath. In fact, the reenactment of this scene from Anandamath is one of the games played in the shakhas.

Bankim, as a pioneer of the Hindu Rashtra cause, clearly favored the British rulers. His comparison of British rulers with Muslims is revealing and demonstrates his preference. In Anandamath, a leader of the Hindu Army, Bhavanand, explains the difference to a ‘new recruit’ in these words: “One Englishman does not flee away even at the risk of his life, the Muslim flees while sweating his body—he searches for the sherbat (sweet drink)—supposing, the Englishmen have their tenacity—whatever they start, they accomplish it, while the Muslims have only foolhardiness…Then last word is courage…while finding one cannon-ball (falling) Muslims would flee away with their entire community—while coming across the barrage of cannon-balls, not a single Englishman would flee away.”15

There could be no greater praise bestowed upon the imperialist masters. The British, who had shackled Mother India, were portrayed as exemplary souls. They were the greatest and present for our salvation!

This affection for the British masters and exploiters is further evident in the closing lines of Anandamath. The debate on the Hindu Rashtra concludes with these words: “There is no possibility of restoring the Sanatan virtue without the Englishman becoming King…The subjects [Hindus] would be happy in the English kingdom—they would practice the virtue without any trouble. Therefore, oh prudent—you refrain from waging the war with the Englishmen and follow me…Your mission has been successful—you have performed well-being of the Mother—the English reign has been established. You give up the war and enmity-mood. Let the people be engaged in cultivation—let the earth be full of corns, let the people be prosperous…There is no more enemy. The Englishman is our ally King. Moreover, none possesses such power who can win the war with the Englishmen ultimately.”16

Anandamath, which heralded the Hindu nationalist movement, is replete with such perceptions and facts. In fact, the recent upsurge of Hindu Nationalism with its fascist attitudes is the continuation of the same Anandamath legacy. Anandamath propagated that the destruction of the Muslims as such was very essential for the establishment of the Hindu Rashtra. This legacy presupposes a worldview where violence and exclusion define righteousness, but God's Word exposes such as folly, for "the wrath of man does not produce the righteousness of God" (James 1:20),17 and true nation-building requires obedience to the cultural mandate of stewardship and justice (Genesis 1:28; Deuteronomy 16:20).18

Bal Gangadhar Tilak – A Chitpavan, Architect of Brahmanical and Patriarchal Hindutva Nationalism

Bal Gangadhar Tilak is often celebrated as a pioneering freedom fighter, remembered for his resounding slogan, “Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it.” However, a closer scrutiny of his political career, ideological writings, and social interventions—particularly as analyzed in Foundations of Tilak’s Nationalism by Parimala V. Rao—unveils a different persona: not a liberator, but a resolute defender of Brahminical orthodoxy, patriarchal norms, and Hindu majoritarian rule.

Tilak's conception of Swaraj was exclusionary, crafted not to dismantle colonial or social tyranny, but to reinstate caste domination and religious supremacy. He opposed women's rights, ridiculed reformers, sought to suppress peasant resistance, and championed a cultural nationalism that laid the groundwork for Hindutva's ideological project. It is unsurprising, then, that RSS founders venerated him as their ideological mentor. This vision presupposes human autonomy in political spheres, but without God's sovereignty over all areas of life—including politics and society—such nationalism devolves into idolatry of power, contradicting the biblical principle that rulers must serve as ministers of God for good (Romans 13:4).19

Swaraj as Caste Dominion

Tilak’s interpretation of Swaraj bore no relation to liberty for the masses. It centered on restoring Chitpavan Brahmin rule—a nostalgia for the Peshwa era, which upheld rigid caste structures, scriptural dominance, and ritual purity.

• He envisioned no political rights for Dalits, Shudras, women, or religious minorities.

• He attacked liberal reformers who challenged caste oppression.

• He conceived Swaraj as Hindu self-rule, where Shudras, Dalits, Muslims, and women remained subservient.

Tilak vehemently opposed the Age of Consent Bill (1891), arguing that interference in child marriage violated Hindu tradition, while social reformers like M.G. Ranade and Behramji Malabari supported the law.20 This stance reflects a presupposition of cultural autonomy, but Scripture demands protection of the vulnerable, as God is the defender of widows and orphans (Psalm 68:5),21 and societal laws must align with divine justice across all spheres.

Hindutva Before Savarkar: Cultural Nationalism as Social Control

Before V.D. Savarkar coined "Hindutva" in 1923, Tilak had already established its ideological foundation:

• He politicized Ganesh Chaturthi and Shivaji Jayanti as platforms for Hindu mobilization, using them to incite communal pride.

• He glorified Hindu empires and scriptures, emphasizing a singular, Brahmanical Hindu identity.

• He dismissed Bhakti reformers for promoting caste equality and worship outside Brahmin norms.22

Tilak wrote, “Religion and politics must go hand in hand in India,” clearly aligning with the communal vision later adopted by the Sangh Parivar.23 This fusion of religion and politics presupposes man's right to integrate spheres without divine oversight, but the Bible teaches that Christ is Lord over every domain, and human attempts to sacralize politics lead to tyranny, as seen in the warning against kings who multiply power apart from God (Deuteronomy 17:14-20).24

The Real Meaning of "Swaraj is My Birthright"

"Swaraj is my birthright—to dominate Shudras, silence women like Rakmabai and Ramabai, imprison peasants, and re-establish Hindu Brahmin rule."

This paraphrased slogan captures the essence of Tilak's nationalism. His actions reveal:

• Hostility toward peasant movements, where he demanded the re-imposition of imprisonment for debt default.25

• Vilification of Jotirao Phule and the Satyashodhak Samaj, which empowered non-Brahmins to conduct rituals and challenge caste dominance.26

Such attitudes expose the incoherence of Brahmanical nationalism: it claims unity while enforcing division, unable to account for equality without presupposing the God who made all nations from one blood (Acts 17:26).27

Tilak as the Guru of RSS Founders

Tilak’s ideological influence endured beyond his lifetime, institutionalized through the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), founded by K.B. Hedgewar, who regarded Tilak as a cultural and political guru.

• Hedgewar adopted Tilak’s tactics of religious festivals, cultural pride, and anti-Muslim sentiment.

• Savarkar praised Tilak as the originator of Hindu nationalism, often citing him as a precursor to Hindutva.28

"Tilak's methods became the organizational and ideological blueprint for the Sangh Parivar."29 This lineage perpetuates autonomous cultural control, but true reformation requires submission to God's Word in all spheres, fostering justice rather than domination (Isaiah 1:17).30

The Ideological Genesis of Hindutva

The term Hindutva, signifying “Hindu-ness,” was coined by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in his seminal 1923 text, Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?. Savarkar defined Indian identity through a trinity of pitribhumi (fatherland), punyabhumi (holy land), and Hindu culture, asserting that only those whose sacred sites and ancestry reside within India’s geographical boundaries qualify as true Indians.31 This definition implicitly excluded Muslims, Christians, and other minorities whose religious origins lie elsewhere, establishing the basis for an exclusivist nationalism. Savarkar’s vision, rooted in his leadership of the Hindu Mahasabha, emphasized Hindu unity against perceived threats from non-Hindus, particularly Muslims, whom he viewed as culturally alien despite their long-standing presence in India.32 This ethnic-centric approach presupposes a territorial and racial unity independent of God, but Scripture affirms that God determines the times and boundaries of nations to seek Him (Acts 17:26-27),33 rendering such definitions arbitrary and divisive without divine reference.

Savarkar's primary argument in Hindutva posited that the Aryans who settled in India at history's dawn already constituted a nation, later embodied in the Hindus. Their Hindutva, he claimed, rested on three pillars: geographical unity, racial features, and a common culture. Savarkar downplayed the religious criterion by asserting that Hinduism was merely one attribute of ‘Hinduness’. The notion of territory was central to Savarkar’s construct, but not in the universalist sense of nationalism; for him, India’s territory was inseparable from Hindu culture and people. In his view, Hindus were preeminently the descendants of the ‘intrepid Aryans (who) made it (the subcontinent) their home and lighted the first sacrificial fire on the bank of the Indus’—a river he regarded as the western border of the Hindu nation.34 Savarkar’s interpretation that the Indus marked the frontier was part of a broader redefinition of ‘Hindu’ or ‘Sindhu’, noting that 'h' and 's' are interchangeable in Sanskrit: “Sindhu in Sanskrit does not only mean the Indus but also the sea - which girdles the southern peninsula - so that this one word Sindhu points out almost all frontiers of the land at a single stroke and so the epithet Sindhusthan calls up the image of our whole Motherland: the land that is between Sindhu and Sindhu - from the Indus to the sea.”35 For Savarkar, a Hindu was thus an inhabitant of the zone between the rivers, seas, and Himalayas ‘so strongly entrenched that no other country in the world is so perfectly designed by the fingers of nature as a geographical unit.’36 This was why, in the Vedic era, the first Aryans developed ‘the sense of unity of a people’ and even a ‘sense of nationality’.37 Here emerges an ethnic logic: the enclosed nature of Hindustan fostered social unity through intermarriage. Savarkar emphasized that his was not merely a territorial nationalism, as the focus on geography might suggest. He held that Hindus were united not only by love for a common motherland but also by bonds of common blood, forming not just a nation but a race—jati.38 A race or jati, he argued, was defined by common origin and blood. All Hindus, he claimed, shared the blood of the mighty race descended from the ‘Vedic fathers’.39 In other words, Savarkar rejected a nation-state based on an abstract social contract comprising individualized citizens within administrative frontiers. Instead, he stressed the ethnic and racial substance of the Hindu nation. Savarkar’s racial emphasis reflects influences from European thinkers, though he was familiar with works fostering ethnicity in scientific and political realms.40 Notably, the notion of racial purity was absent; his historical account assumed intermingling of Aryans and indigenous populations, and he allowed foreigners aspiring to Hindutva to marry Hindus and adopt the culture: “Any convert of non-Hindu parentage to Hindutva can be a Hindu, if Bonafide, he or she adopts our land as his or her country and marries a Hindu, thus coming to love our country as a real Fatherland and adopts our culture and thus adores our land as the Punyabhumi (sacred land). The children of such a union as that would, other things being equal, be most emphatically Hindus.”41 One study suggests that for Savarkar and other 1920s-1930s Hindu nationalists, Muslims and Christians in India held a subordinate place as ‘citizens’.42 Savarkar even contested racial plurality, stating: “After all there is throughout this world, so far as man is concerned but a single race, the human race kept alive by one common blood, the human blood.”43 However, his writings indicate a racism of domination rather than biology, deeply influenced by the caste system's rationale. Constructing a biological Hindu race opposing others is challenging, as the caste system integrates humans hierarchically. There can only be one Hindu culture defining rituals and rules for a community where castes coexist unequally. Biological race ideology is thus difficult in the Hindu context, but domination by upper castes appears natural.

Besides language, ‘common laws and rites’, such as religious festivals, were cited as Hindutva criteria. According to Savarkar, Christians and Muslims were excluded due to cultural differences: “Their Holyland is far off in Arabia and Palestine. Their mythology and Godmen, ideas and heroes are not the children of this soil. Consequently their names and their outlook smack of foreign origin. Their love is divided.”44 This portrayal led Savarkar to assert that when Muslims entered India, ‘the conflict of life and death began’.45 Yet, this conflict had a positive effect: ‘nothing makes conscious of itself so much as a conflict with non-self’.46 In sum, Savarkar’s Hindutva rested on cultural criteria attuned to the traditional Brahminical worldview, while borrowing from Western political theory. In a book from his 1911-1921 Andaman detention, he referenced Bluntschli’s The Theory of the State, which he used in teaching prisoners.47 Bluntschli, an exponent of German ethnic nationalism, influenced many Hindu nationalists. Savarkar’s adherence to this nationalism may characterize him as a zealot—one who internalizes a culture's ‘defeat’ by modernity and seeks vengeance by adopting Western victory tools under native faiths.48 This zealotry presupposes resistance to God's truth, but the Gospel exposes it as vain, for Christ alone reconciles all things (Colossians 1:20).49

Savarkar on Indian Nationhood

According to Savarkar, Hindus in India formed a nation, with others as minority communities. He observed that Hindus shared ancient and modern history, common friends and enemies, dangers and victories. Through assimilation, elimination, and consolidation over aeons, they were welded into unity.50 Above all, they were bound by ties to a common fatherland and holyland. Savarkar maintained that Hindus differed more from other peoples than among themselves, entitling them to nationhood by tests of country, race, religion, and language.51 He declared that Hindus shared festivals and cultural forms; Vedic rishis, grammarians like Panini and Patanjali, poets like Bhavabhuti and Kalidas, heroes like Shri Ram, Shri Krishna, Shivaji, Pratap, Guru Govind, and Banda inspired them. Like Sanskrit, their scripts were based on Nagari, the vehicle of sacred writings for centuries.52 Savarkar further noted that India was dear to Hindus as the home of the Hindu race. This ethnic nationalism presupposes self-sufficiency, but without God as the ground of unity, it fragments, as nations are diverse by divine intent (Revelation 7:9).53

Savarkar on Minorities Other Than Muslims

Savarkar opined that Hindus alone constituted the nation in India, with minorities as citizens viewing the country as Hindu land. However, he differentiated minorities. For Parsees, akin to Hindus in race, religion, language, and culture, and loyal to India, the attitude should be trust, friendship, and equal rights.54 Regarding Christians, civilized and without extra-territorial designs, linguistically and culturally compatible, they could be assimilated politically.55 Yet, he opposed the proselytizing church, urging guards against activities beyond voluntary conversion, while encouraging reconversion of Christians.56 For Jews, few and non-proselytizing, without political or cultural troubles, they could be assimilated easily.57 This selective inclusion presupposes human judgment over integration, but God's law demands equal justice for the stranger (Leviticus 19:34),58 revealing Hindutva's inconsistency in social spheres.

Savarkar on the Muslims

Savarkar was wholly hostile to Muslims, advocating distrust and watchfulness due to their ‘anti-Hindu’, anti-Indian, and extra-territorial designs. He insisted on denying them preferential treatment in religious, cultural, or political spheres.59 Savarkar criticized Muslims for seeking Urdu as the national tongue and rejecting Nagari.60 He decried their intolerance of Vande Mataram, finding its words insulting.61 He warned that Muslims sought to partition Hindusthan into Hindusthan and Pakistan to destroy integrity.62 Savarkar viewed the Hindu-Muslim conflict as a clash of cultures and races, reminding that when a majority kneels before a minority, the latter demands high bids, aiming for sovereignty.63 He held that Hindus sought no privileges, willing to protect Muslim language, culture, and religion as a minority, demanding in return no domination or humiliation.64 However, he suspected the Pan-Islamic movement's anti-Indian designs from Arabia to Afghanistan.65 Savarkar clarified that Hindus fought not for a change of masters but to be masters in their house.66 To achieve this, he advocated a strong political organization, upholding the Hindu Mahasabha—the first twentieth-century Hindu nationalist party, where he was leader and theoretician. This hostility presupposes irreconcilable division, but the Gospel offers reconciliation through Christ, breaking down walls of enmity (Ephesians 2:14),67 and calls for peace in societal relations.

The RSS, established in Nagpur by Hedgewar, a Maharashtrian Chitpavan Brahmin, operationalized Hindutva through a disciplined, grassroots movement. Hedgewar, influenced by Savarkar and anti-Muslim sentiments post-1920s Khilafat Movement, aimed to unify Hindus against colonial rule and communal rivals. The RSS’s shakhas—daily assemblies for physical training, ideological indoctrination, and Hindu pride—formed its mobilization core, expanding to over 60,000 branches by 2020.68 However, its early leadership, dominated by Chitpavan Brahmins like Hedgewar and successor Madhav Sadashiv Golwalkar, mirrored a Brahmanical worldview, prioritizing upper-caste values and marginalizing lower castes and non-Hindus, despite egalitarianism claims.69 This structure presupposes caste as natural, but God's order abolishes such hierarchies, commanding love without favoritism (James 2:1-4).70

Brahmanical Roots and Exclusivist Ideology

The RSS’s Brahmanical roots manifest in its early rhetoric and structure. Golwalkar, in his 1939 text We, or Our Nationhood Defined, articulated a Hindu Rashtra vision inspired by fascist ideologies, praising Nazi Germany’s “purging” of Jews as a model for India’s minorities: “Germany has shown how well-nigh impossible it is for races and cultures, having differences going to the root, to be assimilated into one united whole, a good lesson for us in Hindustan.”71 Critics condemn this as a blueprint for communal exclusion, noting Golwalkar’s call for non-Hindus to “adopt the Hindu culture and language” or “live at the mercy of the nation,” explicitly targeting Muslims and Christians.72 Another analysis argues this ideology seeks to “break India’s composite culture” by enforcing Hindu hegemony, marginalizing minorities and lower castes.73 Such admiration for totalitarian purity presupposes man's right to "purge" diversity, but Scripture reveals God’s judgment on nations that oppress the alien (Ezekiel 22:7-12),74 and His design for diverse peoples to glorify Him (Psalm 86:9).75

The RSS’s Brahmanical character is underscored by its founders’ caste composition—predominantly Brahmins—reflecting influences from texts like the Manusmriti and Yajnavalkya Smriti. While claiming to transcend caste via Hindu unity, its rhetoric upheld Brahmanical values, such as Vedic sanctity, critiqued by Ambedkar as upper-caste dominance tools.76 This exclusivity alienated Dalits and tribals, later targeted for “reconversion” through Ghar Wapsi, reinforcing hierarchy under unity guise.77 In social and political spheres, this betrays the biblical mandate for just structures, where leaders serve humbly (Mark 10:42-45).78

Betrayal of the Independence Struggle

The RSS’s role in India’s independence movement discloses a profound betrayal of the nationalist cause. Unlike the Indian National Congress, which spearheaded mass movements like Non-Cooperation (1920–22) and Quit India (1942), the RSS eschewed direct anti-British activism. Documentation shows Hedgewar directed members toward “character-building” over revolutionary actions, aligning with British interests to evade suppression.79 Savarkar, as Hindu Mahasabha president, actively supported British war efforts in World War II, urging Hindus to enlist in the British army against Subhas Chandra Bose’s Indian National Army (INA). Critiques cite Savarkar’s 60-rupee monthly pension from the British (1924–1937) as evidence of collaboration, arguing it “compromised the nationalist struggle.”80

In the entire period from 1925 till 1947, RSS did not participate in any campaign or movement launched by the Congress or any other party or group. Nor did it initiate any movement against the British by itself. This is indeed remarkable for an organisation which claims nationalism as its creed. The mystery is solved very easily, however, if we realise that its creed is indeed nationalism, but not Indian nationalism. Its creed always has been and is Hindu nationalism. Its primary purpose therefore was to consolidate Hindu society against the perceived threats, presupposing ethnic solidarity over divine justice, but without God's law as the standard, such nationalism fosters division, as nations prosper only when they acknowledge the Lord (Psalm 33:12).81

Chapter 2: Christian Missions and the Call for a True Christian Brotherhood in India {#chapter-2:-christian-missions-and-the-call-for-a-true-christian-brotherhood-in-india}

The history of Christian missions in India testifies not to a secular vision of nation-building, but to the transformative power of the Gospel of Jesus Christ when it confronts a fallen world. The outworking of biblical truth, from the earliest Christian communities to the extensive work of later missions, established institutions of learning, healing, and social renewal that served as a beacon of God’s righteousness in a land marked by spiritual darkness. These efforts, which inherently uplifted the marginalized and challenged demonic systems of oppression, stood in stark contrast to the idolatrous foundations of exclusivist ideologies that sought to define the nation by pagan heritage.1 Such ideologies, viewing the work of God’s servants as a threat, leveled accusations of “anti-national” activity, revealing a spiritual rebellion against the Lordship of Christ. This chapter will examine the historical unfolding of missionary endeavors, their foundational contributions to justice and order, and the inevitable conflict that arises when the Kingdom of God advances against the kingdoms of men. It addresses the ultimate question of India's identity, arguing that a nation's soul can only be forged by submission to its Creator, not by the vain philosophies of man.

The India we see today is the product of various historical forces, but its true progress toward justice, knowledge, and compassion is a direct consequence of the biblical worldview penetrating its culture. While many groups contributed to its development, the unique and foundational role of Christian missions has often been suppressed in secular and revisionist historiographies. The Christian community, though a small percentage of the population, has a history in the subcontinent reaching back to the apostolic era.2 For two millennia, those who follow Christ have carried a message of selfless love, rooted in God's grace, which commands care for the poor and the oppressed.3 This divine mandate compelled Christians to establish programs and institutions that have profoundly contributed to the Indian saga, demonstrating that true societal flourishing is a fruit of obedience to God's Word, not a product of humanistic striving.

Historical Roots of Christianity in India

India has long been home to numerous religious systems, all of which represent humanity's attempt to suppress the truth of the one true God in unrighteousness.4 Into this context, the light of the Gospel arrived far earlier than in many parts of Europe. While various accounts exist, it is widely held that the Apostle Thomas brought the message of Christ to India as early as 52 AD, during the reign of King Gondophares.5 The community he established, known as the St. Thomas Christians, became a testament to the enduring power of God's covenant faithfulness.

However, the history of these early communities also serves as a cautionary tale. Over centuries, interactions with other cultures and religious ideas led to compromises that blunted the sharp edge of biblical truth. Attempts to amalgamate Christian doctrine with local pagan customs represented a failure to obey the scriptural command to remain separate from the world's idolatrous practices.6 Such spiritual compromise is not a model for a healthy "Christian Brotherhood" but a warning against diluting the singular, exclusive claims of Christ, who alone is the Way, the Truth, and the Life.7

The arrival of Roman Catholic missions, beginning with the Portuguese in the 16th century, and later the Protestant missions of the 18th and 19th centuries, marked a new phase. While the colonial context of these missions was complex and often fraught with the sins of empire, the sovereign God used them to advance His kingdom purposes. It was primarily through the work of Protestant missions, animated by the principles of the Reformation, that the Word of God was unleashed in the vernacular, and widespread efforts in education and social transformation took root. William Carey's Serampore Mission, for example, did not merely introduce printing but did so for the primary purpose of making the Scriptures accessible to all, reflecting the conviction that every soul is accountable before God and must be able to read His commands.8

These efforts were not merely humanitarian; they were a direct assault on the satanic strongholds of the caste system and the dehumanization of women, which are the logical outcomes of a pagan worldview.9 The opposition from groups like the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) was, therefore, not merely political. It was a spiritual counter-attack, recognizing that the Gospel of grace, which declares all people equal as bearers of God's image, fatally undermines a social order built on ritual purity and inherited status.10

The Charter Act of 1813 was a pivotal moment, opening India more widely to missionary work beyond Great Britain. The subsequent Charter Act of 1833 further expanded this, bringing dedicated servants of God from Germany and America.11 Societies such as the Basel Mission and the American Baptist Union began their work, driven by the Great Commission to disciple the nations.12 This period saw a shift even in the posture of the East India Company, which had previously become hostile to evangelistic work. The renewed missionary zeal was a direct consequence of spiritual revival in the West, demonstrating that when the Church is faithful to its calling, its impact inevitably spills over into every area of life.

The Modern Outworking of Biblical Mercy

In contemporary India, the work of Christian organizations continues to evolve, yet its foundation remains the same: the unchanging commands of Scripture. The modern approach has moved beyond simple charity to a focus on biblical justice and empowerment, seeking to restore fallen structures in society according to God's design. This is not a capitulation to secular, rights-based ideologies, but a deeper application of the biblical mandate to "do justice, and to love kindness, and to walk humbly with your God."13

Christian organizations stand at the forefront of defending the legal and human dignity of the oppressed, especially Dalits and tribal groups, who have been crushed for centuries by the ungodly caste system. This work is an act of spiritual warfare, challenging the demonic ideologies that declare one group of people inherently inferior to another. By advocating for just laws and their enforcement, Christians are applying the principle that civil government is a minister of God for good, established to punish evil and protect the innocent.14

This biblical framework naturally extends to modern challenges. Recognizing that all of creation groans under the curse of sin,15 many Christian ministries are addressing issues like environmental stewardship and climate justice. This is not an embrace of secular environmentalism but an act of obedience to God's original Cultural Mandate to exercise dominion over the earth as faithful stewards.16 They promote sustainable livelihoods and disaster preparedness, knowing that the poor and marginalized are most vulnerable to creation's brokenness.

A central focus of this work is the empowerment of women, restoring the dignity that God bestowed upon them at creation but which has been stripped away by pagan cultures.17 This involves more than basic education; it includes providing legal protection against violence and creating opportunities for economic stewardship, reflecting the biblical portrait of the virtuous woman who skillfully manages her household and engages in commerce.18 This work is a continuation of the legacy of pioneers who were driven by their faith to rescue women from cultural bondage. The evolution of Christian social work in India is a powerful illustration of the Gospel's enduring relevance. By focusing on empowerment and a framework of biblical justice, these organizations continue to be salt and light, demonstrating the goodness of God's law in a fallen world and pointing to the only true source of societal restoration: the Lord Jesus Christ.

Early Initiatives and the Imprint of a Christian Worldview

The long-standing presence of the St. Thomas Christians in Kerala left an indelible mark on the society, demonstrating how even a small community living under God's common grace can be a source of blessing and order. Through their ecclesiastical connections to the West Asian Church, they became conduits for scientific and technological knowledge. A notable example is the introduction of the Malayalam era, or Kollam era, in 825 AD, a calendar system said to have been established by Christian merchant leaders like Mar Saphor and Mar Prodh.19 The development of this and other regional calendars points to a worldview that sees time not as cyclical and meaningless, as in many pagan philosophies, but as linear and directional, moving toward the consummation of God's purposes. Such an orderly understanding of time is a necessary precondition for scientific and historical thought, a capital borrowed from the biblical framework.

The interaction between Christian and non-Christian communities also led to cultural developments in areas like food and dress. However, the true significance of the Christian presence was seen in the economic sphere. Guided by a work ethic that saw labor as a calling from God, many Christians became successful traders and cultivators. They organized themselves into merchant guilds like the Manigramam, establishing bazaars (angadis) around their churches to facilitate the collection and trade of spices.20 This economic activity was not an end in itself but a means of fulfilling the dominion mandate, stewarding God's resources for the flourishing of their families and communities. The rulers of the time recognized the value of this industriousness, granting the church at Kollam responsibility for tax collection in 849 AD, a testament to the Christians' reputation for integrity and order.21

These Christians were not only active in commerce but also in agriculture, clearing forests to expand the cultivation of spices. Bishop John Marignoli, visiting in 1346, noted their deep involvement in this sector.22 By the sixteenth century, Portuguese sources confirmed that the majority of pepper production was in the hands of the St. Thomas Christians.23 This economic strength was accompanied by a robust participation in the civil and military life of the region. Following the fragmentation of the Chera kingdom, many Christians served as soldiers and military trainers (panikkars) for the local principalities, establishing their own training schools (kalaris).24 Their reputation for courage and loyalty led many local rulers to appoint them as ministers and advisors.

This historical record refutes the notion that Christianity is a foreign or destabilizing force. Instead, it shows a community deeply integrated into the life of the nation, contributing to its economic, political, and social order. Their success was a product of a worldview that encouraged private initiative, stewardship, and civic responsibility, all of which flow from biblical principles.

Christian Contributions to the Shaping of Early Modern India

The advent of early modernity in India was decisively shaped by the arrival of Christian missionaries who brought with them not only the Gospel but also the intellectual and cultural fruits of a society deeply influenced by the biblical worldview. The Portuguese introduction of the European school system in Cochin and Goa in 1510 was a landmark event.25 These schools, and later colleges like São Paulo in Goa (1542) and Madre de Deus in Cochin (1550), became centers of learning that taught logic, philosophy, and theology, grounded in a rational framework that is only possible on the presupposition of a logical, unchanging God.26 While their curriculum was religious, it also provided the secular tools of literacy and numeracy that empowered the emergence of new mercantile groups.

Missionaries also brought advancements in healthcare. Hospitals were established in key Portuguese centers, managed by charitable institutions and later by religious orders like the Jesuits.27 These facilities offered both European and indigenous medicines, demonstrating a commitment to healing that reflected the compassionate ministry of Christ. The care for the marginalized was a defining feature of this work. State-sponsored orphanages and houses of mercy (Misericordia) were established to care for orphaned children and other vulnerable members of society.28 Most significantly, Afonso de Albuquerque abolished the demonic practice of sati in Portuguese territories in 1510, an act of justice that applied God's law ("You shall not murder") against a barbaric pagan custom.29 This stands as an early example of the Gospel's power to liberate women from cultural oppression.

The missionary was often a figure of refuge in times of crisis. When the Parava Christians were attacked in 1544, St. Francis Xavier personally ministered to the displaced, providing for their physical needs and strengthening their faith.30 This demonstrates that the missionary calling was understood not merely as preaching but as a holistic ministry to the whole person, body and soul.

Christian influence extended deep into the cultural heart of India, even reaching the Mughal court. The Antwerp Polyglot Bible, presented to Emperor Akbar by Jesuit missionaries in 1580, profoundly influenced Mughal art and architecture. The depiction of baluster columns in the Bible was adopted in major imperial structures, and the biblical imagery of the lion and lamb lying down together was used to symbolize the peace of the emperor's reign.31 This was an unconscious borrowing of Messianic prophecy,32 showing how even non-Christian worldviews must borrow concepts of peace and ideal rule from the biblical narrative because their own philosophies provide no ultimate basis for them.

The missionaries were also conduits for transformative changes in agriculture and language. They introduced new crops from the Americas like tobacco, groundnut, cashew, and potato, which reshaped India's agrarian landscape and economy.33 Simultaneously, missionaries like Henrique Henriques in Tamil, Thomas Stephens in Marathi and Konkani, and Roberto de Nobili in Tamil and Telugu made monumental contributions to Indian literature, developing grammars, dictionaries, and literary works in the vernacular tongues.34 This effort was driven by the desire to communicate God's truth in the language of the people, an impulse that inherently values and enriches local cultures rather than erasing them. The work of German Jesuit Ernst Hanxleden (Arnos Padiri), whose epic Puththenpaana on the life of Christ remains a classic of Malayalam literature, is a prime example of this legacy.35

These contributions—in education, law, art, agriculture, and language—were not accidental. They were the logical outworking of a worldview that affirms the goodness of creation, the value of human reason as a gift from God, and the mandate to bring every sphere of life under the Lordship of Christ.

Sparks of Resistance to Tyranny and Early Nationalism

The history of Indian Christians is not one of passive submission to earthly powers. On the contrary, guided by the biblical principle that obedience to God must come before obedience to man,36 Christians were among the first to resist the injustices of colonial rule. This resistance was not a secular political movement but a spiritual one, opposing the abuse of God-given authority.

The St. Thomas Christians led the earliest resistance against the cultural colonialism of the Portuguese. The Synod of Diamper in 1599 was an attempt to impose foreign Latin rites and erase the community's distinct identity.37 This was rightly perceived as an attack on their heritage and a form of spiritual tyranny. The Christians resisted both economically, by diverting their pepper trade away from the Portuguese, and spiritually.38 This culminated in the Coonan Cross Oath of 1653, where the community gathered to collectively sever ties with the Portuguese ecclesiastical authorities.39 By rallying around the cross, they used the central symbol of their faith to legitimize their struggle for freedom from human oppression, demonstrating that their ultimate allegiance was to Christ, not to any foreign power.

Later, it was a Goan Catholic bishop, Dom Matheus de Castro, who called for the expulsion of the Portuguese from India, seeking alliances with local rulers and the Dutch to achieve this goal.40 The seeds of a true, biblically-grounded nationalism—one based on principles of justice and self-governance under God—can be seen in the writings of Fr. Thomas Paremakkel. In his 1785 manuscript India for Indians, he powerfully argued for India to be ruled by its own people, questioning why European nations insisted on self-rule but denied it to others.41 This was not an argument from secular rights theory but from a God-given sense of justice and order. Paremakkel identified a common bond uniting all Indians, a love for people of the same nationality that transcended regional and religious differences.42 This vision of unity is a faint echo of the ultimate unity found only in the Christian brotherhood, where all are one in Christ.43

These early expressions of resistance, along with conspiracies like the Pinto Revolt of 1787 in Goa, led by Goan priests, show that Indian Christians were at the forefront of challenging tyranny.44 They understood that all earthly authority is derived from God and becomes illegitimate when it violates His law. Their actions were a precursor to later struggles, demonstrating that the Christian worldview provides the only solid foundation for resisting oppression and pursuing true liberty and justice.

The Rise of British Protestant Missions (19th Century)

During the period of British rule, the impact of Christian missions, particularly Protestant missions, grew exponentially, fundamentally altering the social and intellectual landscape of India. Their work in education, healthcare, and social reform was not merely humanitarian but a direct application of the Gospel to the needs of a broken world. These endeavors were rooted in the biblical understanding of man as created in God's image, yet fallen in sin and in need of both spiritual redemption and physical compassion.

Educational Transformation

The most significant legacy of the Protestant missionaries was in education. They established countless schools, colleges, and universities that introduced a Western-style curriculum, including science, mathematics, and the liberal arts, all within a framework of Christian moral teaching.45 The spread of the English language through these institutions was instrumental in creating an educated Indian elite, many of whom would later, ironically, use the tools of Western thought—logic, justice, and liberty, all concepts grounded in a Christian heritage—to argue for independence.

Missionary education was revolutionary because it was offered to those excluded by the demonic caste system. Schools were opened for Dalits, tribal groups, and, crucially, for women.46 This was a radical application of the scriptural truth that in Christ, there are no ultimate distinctions of social status or gender.47 By educating the marginalized, missionaries directly challenged the satanic social structure of Hinduism and affirmed the God-given dignity of every individual.

As the data indicates, the focus was consistently on the oppressed. Tribal areas saw the highest percentage of students from marginalized communities (60%), and regions with a strong Christian presence like Kerala led in female enrolment (40%).48 This was not a strategy for political gain but obedience to Christ's command to care for "the least of these."49 Institutions like Serampore College and St. Stephen's College in Delhi became beacons of learning, shaping generations of leaders by providing an education grounded in a worldview that could make sense of an orderly universe and moral absolutes. The high literacy rate in Kerala by 1947 (47%) is a direct fruit of these pioneering efforts.50

Healthcare and Compassion

Following the example of Jesus, the Great Physician, Christian missionaries were pioneers in bringing modern healthcare to India. They established hospitals, clinics, and medical colleges that served as tangible expressions of God's love and mercy.51 These institutions, like the Christian Medical College in Vellore founded by Dr. Ida Scudder, were often the only source of medical care in remote rural and tribal areas, serving those whom the rest of society had abandoned.52

Missionary doctors and nurses battled diseases like cholera, malaria, and smallpox, introducing concepts of sanitation and public health that saved countless lives.53 This work was a form of spiritual warfare against the suffering and death that entered the world through sin. While critics claimed these efforts were a pretext for conversion, this reveals a profound misunderstanding. For the Christian, evangelism and acts of mercy are not separate activities; they are two sides of the same coin. Proclaiming the good news of salvation for the soul and offering healing for the body are integral parts of a single, holistic ministry that honors the God who created man as both a physical and spiritual being.

Social Reform as Spiritual Warfare

Christian missionaries were at the forefront of battling the most horrific social evils in India, understanding them not as mere cultural practices but as the fruit of a demonic religious system. They led the charge against sati, female infanticide, and the brutal injustices of the caste system.54

The campaign to abolish sati was a clear application of God's command, "You shall not murder." In partnership with Indian reformers whose consciences had been pricked by exposure to Christian morality, missionaries successfully lobbied for the abolition of this barbaric practice in 1829.55 They advocated for widow remarriage and fought against child marriage, seeking to restore the biblical model of marriage as a dignified, lifelong covenant between one man and one woman.

Their work among the Dalits and tribal communities was a direct challenge to the Hindu caste hierarchy. By offering education, healthcare, and a message of spiritual equality in Christ, they provided a path to liberation from centuries of oppression. The Gospel was, and is, good news to the poor and freedom for the captives. The opposition from Hindu and Muslim authorities was inevitable, as the light of the Gospel always exposes the darkness of false religion and its oppressive social consequences.56

Christianity in Post-Colonial India

In the era following independence, the Christian community has remained a vital, albeit small, part of the nation's fabric. The institutions founded by missionaries centuries ago continue to be among India’s most respected centers of education and healthcare. St. Stephen’s College in Delhi, Loyola College in Chennai, and the Christian Medical College in Vellore stand as enduring testaments to a legacy of excellence rooted in a commitment to serving God and neighbor.57

These institutions continue to play a disproportionately significant role in providing quality services, especially in underserved rural and tribal areas. Christian-run hospitals, schools, and orphanages are pillars of the social infrastructure, extending compassion to the most marginalized, including Dalits and tribal populations.58 This ongoing work is a practical demonstration of the biblical definition of pure religion: "to visit orphans and widows in their affliction."59

Missionary Contributions to Indian Nationalism

The influence of Christian missions on the Indian nationalist movement was profound, though often unacknowledged by secular historians. The missionaries introduced and popularized the very ideas that animated the struggle for independence: equality, liberty, and inherent human dignity. These are not free-floating concepts that arise from a void; they are theological principles grounded in the biblical doctrine of man as created in the image of God. Without this presupposition, claims to universal human rights are arbitrary and logically indefensible.

The education provided in mission schools exposed future nationalist leaders to these ideas.60 Furthermore, missionaries often served as the conscience of the colonial administration, advocating for justice against the oppressive practices of their own countrymen. The role of missionaries in the Indigo Revolt is a case in point. By publicizing the atrocities committed by British planters and demanding a government inquiry, they helped bring about the Indigo Act of 1862, which dismantled a coercive and unjust system.61 This successful, non-violent resistance served as a powerful model for future movements, including those led by Gandhi. It demonstrated that a principled stand for justice, rooted in moral conviction, could challenge and defeat entrenched power.

Christian nationalists enthusiastically participated in the freedom struggle, viewing it as a righteous cause. The educated Christian elite, shaped by the liberal arts education of mission institutions, helped formulate the conceptual framework of nationalism in the early days of the Indian National Congress.62 Christian institutions served as incubators of patriotic fervor, instilling in students a spirit of service and a desire for just governance. This legacy reveals that the Christian worldview, far from being anti-national, provides the only coherent foundation for a just and free society.

Challenges and the Opposition of Idolatry

Despite their immense contributions, Christian missionaries have always faced opposition. This conflict is not fundamentally social or political; it is spiritual. The RSS and its affiliates represent the organized opposition of an idolatrous worldview to the exclusive truth claims of Jesus Christ. Their narrative, which portrays Christian conversion as "forced" or "anti-national," is a smokescreen for their real objective: to maintain a social order built on pagan principles and the demonic hierarchy of caste.63

This hostility has often manifested in brutal violence, such as the horrific murder of missionary Graham Staines and his two young sons, who were burned alive in 1999. Such acts are the inevitable fruit of a worldview that has no ultimate basis for the sanctity of human life. The internal challenges missionaries faced, such as their association with colonial power, were real. Yet, even here, we see the power of the Gospel at work. Indigenous Christians like Brahmabandhav Upadhyay sought to express the Christian faith in Indian cultural forms, demonstrating that Christianity is not a Western religion but a universal truth that can and must be at home in every culture, transforming it from within.64

The Forging of India’s Soul

The legacy of Christian missions is found in their unwavering demonstration of a true Christian brotherhood, which empowered the marginalized and laid the foundations for a just and orderly society. Their schools and hospitals, serving all people regardless of creed, were a living parable of the kingdom of God, where the last shall be first. This stands in absolute antithesis to the exclusivist agenda of Hindutva, which seeks to build a nation on the shifting sands of ethnic and religious identity—an idolatrous project doomed to failure.

So, who forged India’s soul? The work of missionaries was a critical means by which the principles of biblical justice, compassion, and human dignity were sown into the soil of India. By uplifting the Dalit, the tribal, and the woman, they embodied a vision for the nation that reflects the heart of God—a vision that stands as a stark rebuke to all divisive, man-made ideologies. Their work was a testament to the truth that a nation's foundation cannot be secured by political power or cultural pride, but only by righteousness.

The Biblical Foundation of Missionary Service

The historical record of Christian missions in India reveals an undeniable truth: these efforts were the necessary outworking of the Gospel itself. True religion, as defined by God's Word, is not a matter of ritual or cultural identity, but of active obedience to God's commands.

"Religion that is pure and undefiled before God the Father is this: to visit orphans and widows in their affliction, and to keep oneself unstained from the world." (James 1:27)65

This single verse explains why missionaries labored among the outcasts of Indian society. They were not social activists pursuing a secular agenda; they were obedient servants of Christ, fulfilling His command to love their neighbor. They embodied the words of Jesus, who identifies Himself with the lowly:

"Truly, I say to you, as you did it to one of the least of these my brothers, you did it to me." (Matthew 25:40)66

Where pagan ideologies build hierarchies of oppression, the Gospel declares the equal worth of every soul before a holy God.

The True Source of Brotherhood

The brotherhood that missionaries modeled was not a humanistic strategy for social cohesion. It flowed directly from the heart of the Gospel. As the Apostle Paul declared, the old divisions of the world are rendered meaningless by the cross of Christ:

"There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus." (Galatians 3:28)67

This is the only possible foundation for true unity in India. The unity that transcends caste, tribe, and language cannot be forged by political ideologies but is a supernatural gift created by the redeeming work of Christ. The schools and hospitals built by missionaries were signposts, pointing beyond themselves to the kingdom of God, where Christ is gathering a people for Himself from every nation and tongue.

An Invitation to the Reader

Dear reader, you may admire the fruits of Christian missions—the education, the healthcare, the social reform—and see them as commendable human efforts. But you would be missing the point. These works were never ends in themselves. They were evidence of a far greater reality: the saving love of the Lord Jesus Christ.

The same God who, through His servants, healed the sick, defended the widow, and lifted up the outcast is calling to you today through His Word. He does not offer a better social program, but a new heart. The ultimate question is not who forged India's soul, but who will forge yours? The nation's identity, like your own, cannot be secured by any human effort. It must be founded on the rock of Jesus Christ. His work on the cross is sufficient to pay the penalty for your rebellion against God, and His resurrection secures eternal life for all who repent and believe in Him.

The work of missionaries, however noble, was never about them. It was about Him. Will you turn from the futility of man-made religion and political salvation and place your faith in the only Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ?

Chapter 3: The Antithesis of Visions—God’s Kingdom vs. Man’s Dominion {#chapter-3:-the-antithesis-of-visions—god’s-kingdom-vs.-man’s-dominion}

The ideological conflict over the soul of India is not a mere political contest between competing nationalisms but a manifestation of the spiritual antithesis between the Kingdom of God and the rebellious kingdoms of man. On one side stands the ideology of Hindutva, promoted by the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), which seeks to construct an earthly kingdom—a Hindu Rashtra—based on the idolatry of blood, soil, and pagan tradition.1 On the other side is the outworking of the Gospel through Christian missions, which calls people of all backgrounds into a true Christian brotherhood under the Lordship of Jesus Christ. This chapter will analyze the fundamental conflict between these two opposing visions. Drawing upon documented evidence of the RSS’s divisive strategies and violent tactics, it will expose the internal contradictions and destructive consequences of a worldview founded on human autonomy. In stark contrast, the work of Christian missions—from William Carey to Graham Staines—demonstrates a vision that brings healing and order because it is grounded in the unchanging truth of God’s Word. This exploration is guided by the ultimate question: Can a nation’s soul be forged by the idolatrous will of man, or only by submission to the sovereign Creator?

The Ideological Antithesis: Hindutva vs. Biblical Truth

At the heart of the RSS’s Hindutva ideology is a demand for totalizing conformity, a project of humanistic statecraft that seeks to usurp the authority of God. This vision, first articulated by V.D. Savarkar, defines Indianness in terms of shared Hindu ancestry and geography, thereby establishing an idol of ethnic and cultural purity.2 The RSS’s second leader, M.S. Golwalkar, made the tyrannical implications of this worldview explicit in his work, Bunch of Thoughts. He asserted that non-Hindus must completely assimilate into Hindu culture and religion or else remain in the country as subordinates, stripped of all rights and dignity.3 This is the logical endpoint of any worldview that rejects the Creator; having denied the transcendent God who bestows equal worth on all people, it must inevitably erect a new absolute, in this case, the Hindu nation, before which all must bow. Such a stance is a direct rebellion against the biblical declaration that every human being is made in the image of God and is therefore entitled to dignity and justice.4

This pagan exclusivism is, by its very nature, an attempt to dismantle God's created order of diversity within unity.5 A.G. Noorani correctly identifies it as a threat to any form of just governance, as it rejects the principle of equality before the law, a concept borrowed from the Christian worldview which it simultaneously denies.6 The Hindutva project is an exercise in futility; it seeks to create national unity by force, but because its foundation is a lie—the deification of the nation—it can only produce division, oppression, and strife.

In stark contrast, the work of Christian missions demonstrates the power of a true Christian brotherhood that flows from the Gospel. Missionaries established institutions of learning and healing that served all communities, not as a political strategy, but as an act of obedience to Christ’s command to love one’s neighbor.7 Figures like Charles Freer Andrews, a British missionary, and indigenous Christians like K.T. Paul of the YMCA, labored for a just and independent India because their ultimate allegiance was to the kingdom of God, which demands righteousness in every sphere of life, including the civil sphere.8 This biblical vision, rooted in service to God and compassion for humanity, stands in irreconcilable opposition to the RSS’s demand for pagan dominance, setting the stage for an unavoidable spiritual conflict.

The Rotten Fruit of Idolatry: Communal Violence and Terror

A worldview founded on falsehood will inevitably produce wicked actions.9 The RSS’s ideology of pagan supremacy has consistently borne the fruit of division, violence, and, as S.M. Mushrif alleges, orchestrated terror. A.G. Noorani has documented the role of RSS affiliates in fomenting anti-Muslim violence during the 1947 Partition riots, which resulted in the deaths of thousands.10 The assassination of Mahatma Gandhi in 1948 by Nathuram Godse, a man deeply influenced by their ideology, further illustrates the deadly consequences of this worldview. The RSS’s rhetoric, which demonized Gandhi as an appeaser of Muslims, created a climate where murder could be seen as a righteous act in service of the national idol.11

This pattern of portraying minorities as "internal threats" is a classic tactic of pagan totalitarianism, designed to consolidate power by manufacturing a common enemy.12 The accusations made by S.M. Mushrif in Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged take this analysis a step further. He alleges that RSS-affiliated groups orchestrated terror attacks, such as the 2007 Samjhauta Express bombing and the Ajmer Sharif blast, with the specific intent of framing Muslims to deepen communal hatred.13 The subsequent court convictions of RSS functionaries Devendra Gupta and Bhavesh Patel in the Ajmer case lend significant weight to these claims, especially since Muslims were initially arrested for the crime.14

This alleged strategy reveals the ultimate bankruptcy of a man-centered worldview. Lacking a transcendent basis for truth, it is free to manipulate facts and sacrifice innocent lives for its political goals. This stands as a stark illustration of the biblical truth that the heart of fallen man is "deceitful above all things, and desperately sick."15 The divisive and violent fruit of the RSS’s ideology is the logical outworking of its idolatrous root, a direct contrast to the ministry of Christian missions, which sought to bring healing and reconciliation through the proclamation of the Gospel.

War Against the Church: The Staines Murder and a Pattern of Persecution

The hostility of the Hindutva movement has been directed with particular venom against Christians, for the Gospel poses a fundamental threat to its pagan presuppositions. The 1999 murder of Australian missionary Graham Staines and his two young sons in Odisha is a horrific but logical expression of this spiritual warfare. Staines, who obediently followed Christ’s command to care for the sick by running a leprosy mission, was burned alive by a mob led by a member of the Bajrang Dal, an RSS affiliate.16 This act was not random violence; it was a targeted assault on a servant of God whose ministry to the outcast implicitly condemned the demonic cruelty of the caste system.

This brutal murder is not an isolated incident but part of a sustained and escalating campaign of persecution against the church in India. According to the United Christian Forum (UCF), there were 834 documented incidents of violence against Christians in 2024, an increase from 734 in 2023.17 This averages to more than two attacks per day on believers for no other reason than their faith in Christ. These attacks range from mob violence against prayer meetings to the systematic use of unjust "anti-conversion" laws to harass and imprison pastors and evangelists.

A State-Sanctioned War on the Gospel

The state has become an active participant in this persecution. The highest number of attacks in 2024 were reported from Uttar Pradesh (209) and Chhattisgarh (165), both states governed by parties sympathetic to the Hindutva ideology.18 In a perversion of justice, victims of violence often find themselves charged with crimes, while their attackers go free. Police frequently refuse to file reports for Christians or, worse, file false charges of "forced conversion" against them.19 This demonstrates the collapse of the rule of law, where the civil magistrate, ordained by God to punish evil,20 instead becomes a tool for the wicked.

The data reveals that this persecution is aimed squarely at the most vulnerable. Of the 73 incidents recorded by UCF in December 2024, the victims were from Scheduled Tribes in 25 cases and were Dalits in 14 cases.21 This is because the Gospel is a message of liberation to these oppressed communities, offering them a dignity and hope that the Hindu social order has denied them for millennia. The charge of "forced conversion" is a cynical lie, a projection of the Hindutva worldview's own coercive nature. The RSS cannot comprehend a conversion based on the free, regenerating work of the Holy Spirit, so it must invent a narrative of force and fraud.

This rising tide of violence has led Christian leaders to appeal directly to the President and Prime Minister for protection, noting the sharp increase in attacks since the BJP government came to power in 2014.22 The narrative that portrays missionaries as a threat to Hindu culture is the justification for this violence.23 This is precisely the logic of rebellion against God: it labels the good works commanded by God—caring for the poor, healing the sick, preaching the Gospel—as evil, and seeks to stamp them out. The attacks on Christians are not merely a social problem; they are a direct assault on the Kingdom of God.

The Futility of Compromise and the Unyielding Nature of Truth

In the face of this spiritual antithesis, some have attempted to find a middle ground through theological compromise, often called syncretism. Brahmabandhav Upadhyay, a 19th-century Brahmin convert, sought to create an "Indianized" Christianity by blending it with Hindu philosophy.24 While perhaps well-intentioned, this effort was fundamentally flawed. It failed to recognize that biblical truth and pagan philosophy are built on opposing, mutually exclusive foundations. One starts with the self-attesting Word of the Triune God; the other starts with the autonomous reasoning of fallen man. To attempt to merge them is to dilute the Gospel and rob it of its power.25 Unsurprisingly, these efforts were rejected by both faithful Christians and by Hindutva advocates, who correctly saw that the exclusive claims of Christ cannot be reconciled with their idolatrous system.

Similarly, the 20th-century writer Anthony Elenjimittam promoted a message of interfaith harmony that was dismissed by RSS ideologues like Golwalkar, who understood that any vision not centered on the Hindu Rashtra was a threat.26 The RSS’s rejection of these efforts underscores the absolute nature of the antithesis. The kingdom of man cannot and will not make peace with the Kingdom of God. It demands total submission to its own idols.

The state’s complicity in the persecution of Christians, as the Supreme Court itself noted in 2008, reveals the depth of this rebellion.27 A.G. Noorani argues that anti-conversion laws and the partiality of public officials are direct causes of this violence.28 This systemic failure of justice is the inevitable result when a nation turns its back on the God of justice.

A Documented Pattern of Hatred

The historical data paints a grim picture of this escalating war against Christians. The United Christians Forum for Human Rights (UCFHR) reported a dramatic increase in attacks in the late 1990s, rising from 32 incidents between 1964 and 1996 to 90 incidents in 1998 alone, the year of the first large-scale violence in Gujarat.29 On December 25, 1998, the Hindu Jagran Manch attacked Christians in Gujarat with slogans like "Hindu Jago, Christi Bhago" (Hindus awake, Christians run away), leading to 33 deaths and 283 injuries.30 The pretext for this violence was a school play about communal harmony, which was falsely labeled as an insult to a Hindu deity.31

The RSS distributed pamphlets filled with lies, claiming that Christian missionaries were engaged in "forced conversions" using foreign money.32 This accusation was investigated and found to be baseless by the Citizens' Commission, which noted that most of the students at the targeted school were non-Christians who testified they were not pressured to convert.33

The most heinous violence occurred in Kandhamal, Odisha, in 2008. After a Hindu leader was killed by Maoists, Hindu extremists falsely blamed Christians, unleashing a pogrom that resulted in 39 deaths, the destruction of over 230 churches, the burning of 5,600 homes, and the displacement of 54,000 people.34 Victims suffered unspeakable atrocities, including gang rape and brutal beatings. Despite the clear evidence, the justice system largely failed. Of 3,232 cases filed, police registered only 827, and of the 30 murder cases, only two resulted in convictions.35

This violence is systematic and geographically widespread. Between 1998-2002, the highest number of attacks were in Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat, with Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu also being significant hotspots.36 The method is consistent: extremist groups spread hateful propaganda, brainwash unemployed youth with money and liquor, and then unleash them on their Christian neighbors.37 The perpetrators act with impunity, boasting that "the state government and central government are ours, and we can do what we like."38

This has led to exasperated pleas from church leaders. The National Council of Churches in India (NCCI), representing 14 million Christians, wrote an open letter to the Prime Minister, stating that "mere words of condemnation are not enough" and criticizing the government's failure to stop vigilantism.39 Likewise, 101 Catholic intellectuals urged their bishops to take a prophetic stand against the nation’s slide into a Hindu nationalism that they rightly identified as "evil."40

The Gospel’s Assault on Caste

The work of Christian missions was inherently an assault on the demonic stronghold of the caste system, which is a cornerstone of the RSS's Brahmanical ideology. Pandita Ramabai’s Mukti Mission, founded in 1889, provided education and refuge for high-caste widows and Dalit women, offering them a pathway to dignity and freedom that was impossible within the Hindu framework.41 The establishment of mission schools throughout South India and the Northeast similarly empowered Dalits and tribal communities, leading to mass conversions as people recognized the liberating power of the Gospel. The fact that 97% of Nagaland's population is now Christian is a direct result of these educational and evangelistic efforts.42

In stark contrast, the RSS seeks to preserve the oppressive caste hierarchy. Their "Ghar Wapsi" ("homecoming") campaigns, which aim to "reconvert" Christians and Muslims to Hinduism, are not about genuine faith but about forcing people back into the bondage of the caste system.43 Their tacit support for caste-based violence, such as the Karamchedu massacre of 1985 where six Dalits were murdered by upper-caste mobs, reveals their commitment to maintaining this ungodly social order.44 The Hindutva project requires the subjugation of the lower castes to maintain its vision of a unified Hindu society under Brahmanical dominance.45

The Antithesis and the Soul of a Nation

The clash between the RSS's pagan nationalism and the work of Christian missions defines the spiritual battle for India’s identity. The RSS’s tactics—communal violence, terror, and the preservation of caste—are the rotten fruit of an idolatrous worldview that seeks to build a homogenous nation on the ashes of justice and human dignity. This agenda is, as its critics rightly observe, an attempt to tear apart the fabric of society by alienating all who will not bow to its idols.46 In contrast, Christian missions, through their obedience to the Gospel, established institutions that brought healing, knowledge, and justice, thereby laying the only possible foundation for a righteous and stable society.

So, who forged India’s soul? The RSS’s vision, marked by violence and division, leads only to death. The vision that flows from the Gospel, which empowered the marginalized and called all people into a new family in Christ, is the only path to life.

The Deeper Antithesis: Man’s Vision vs. God’s Vision

This chapter has laid bare two irreconcilable visions. The Hindutva demand for assimilation is a reflection of sin itself, which always seeks to dominate, divide, and enslave. But the Gospel reveals God's infinitely greater vision: the redemption of people from every tribe and tongue and their unification under the loving rule of His Son, Jesus Christ.

"He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son, in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins." (Colossians 1:13–14)47

In God's kingdom, human dignity is not erased; it is restored. Cultural distinctives are not abolished; they are redeemed and brought into the service of the King.

"Here there is not Greek and Jew, circumcised and uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, free; but Christ is all, and in all." (Colossians 3:11)48

The Only True Foundation for Unity

Political arrangements may manage conflict for a time, but they cannot change the sinful human heart, which is the root of all hatred and division. Only the Gospel of Jesus Christ can do that. True and lasting unity is not a human achievement; it is a divine creation, accomplished at the cross.

"For he himself is our peace, who has made us both one and has broken down in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility." (Ephesians 2:14)49

Therefore, the conflict over India’s soul is not ultimately about politics. It is about worship. Will India worship the false gods of nation, race, and culture, or will it bow to the one true and living God who alone can bring peace and righteousness?

A Call to the Reader

Dear reader, you have seen the evidence. Ideologies that exalt man and his creations—be it blood, soil, or caste—inevitably lead to division and destruction. You have also seen how the Gospel of Christ brings healing, dignity, and unity. History itself presents you with a choice: What will forge your soul?

The Word of God gives the only answer:

"For no one can lay a foundation other than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ." (1 Corinthians 3:11)50

The invitation of the Gospel is not simply to approve of the good works of missionaries, but to come personally to the Savior they proclaimed. Jesus Christ alone can forgive your sin and make you a new creation. He offers you a true and lasting identity—not as a member of this or that earthly group, but as a beloved child of God through faith in Him.

Will you remain captive to worldly visions that divide and condemn, or will you turn to the risen Lord who unites all peoples in His eternal kingdom? He calls to you now:

"Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest." (Matthew 11:28)51

Only Christ can forge a soul that is whole. Only Christ can establish a nation in righteousness and peace. The decision is yours.

Chapter 4: The Outworking of Idolatry—An Alleged Network of Terror {#chapter-4:-the-outworking-of-idolatry—an-alleged-network-of-terror}

The ideology of Hindutva, in its rebellion against the one true God, must inevitably produce the fruit of lawlessness. When man deifies the nation, making it the ultimate standard of good and evil, any action in service to that idol—including deceit and violence—becomes not only permissible but righteous in its own eyes. This chapter will examine the grave allegations that the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and its affiliates have orchestrated acts of terror to advance their vision of a Hindu Rashtra. Drawing upon the detailed research of S.M. Mushrif, we will explore claims that RSS-linked groups have executed bombings and systematically framed Muslims to incite division, and that they orchestrated the murder of Anti-Terrorism Squad (ATS) chief Hemant Karkare to silence his investigation into their network.1 This analysis begins with the 1948 assassination of Mahatma Gandhi by Nathuram Godse, an act rooted in the pagan nationalism of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, establishing them as the architects of a militant ideology in independent India. These alleged acts of terror stand in stark antithesis to the biblical call for justice and order, raising the fundamental question: can a nation’s soul be forged by violence and deception, or only by submission to the God of truth?

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Gandhi’s Assassination: The First Fruit of Pagan Militancy

The murder of Mahatma Gandhi on January 30, 1948, was not merely a political act; it was the violent outworking of a pagan theology. The assassin, Nathuram Godse, a former RSS member and activist in the Hindu Mahasabha, acted upon the principles of a worldview that had replaced the transcendent God with the idol of the nation.2 His ideological mentor, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, provided the theological framework for this idolatry in his 1923 work, Hindutva, which defined Indian identity exclusively in terms of Hindu race and religion.3 From this presupposition, any person or policy that appeared to threaten the purity and dominance of the national idol—such as Gandhi’s advocacy for peace with Muslims—was seen as an act of treason against the divine. As A.G. Noorani argues, the communal rhetoric of the RSS and Savarkar’s Hindu Mahasabha created a climate of hatred where Gandhi was labeled a “Muslim appeaser,” effectively marking him for death in the eyes of those who worshipped the nation-god.4 Godse’s own testimony reveals this motive: he believed he was acting righteously to protect Hindu interests from Gandhi’s perceived betrayal.5 This is the logic of all idolatry: it redefines sin and righteousness according to the will of the idol, justifying bloodshed in its name.

Savarkar’s own actions reveal a worldview devoid of transcendent moral principles. His collaboration with the British during World War II, urging Hindus to join their army against the independence efforts of Subhas Chandra Bose, and his acceptance of a British pension demonstrate an allegiance not to absolute truth but to perceived self-interest.6 While he was acquitted in Gandhi’s assassination due to a lack of direct evidence, the subsequent Kapur Commission (1969) confirmed his profound ideological influence on Godse, illustrating the direct line from godless philosophy to violent action.7 Shamsul Islam rightly identifies Godse and Savarkar as pioneers of a pagan militancy, setting a precedent of violence that would continue to manifest in the RSS’s subsequent activities.8 Their actions were a rebellion not just against a man, but against the God who commands, “You shall not murder.”9

The RSS was officially banned following Gandhi’s murder, a tacit admission by the state that the organization’s ideology produced poisonous fruit. Golwalkar’s writings had already condemned any vision of a peaceful Christian brotherhood as a threat to the Hindu Rashtra, thereby providing a theological justification for violence against those who did not bow to the national idol.10 As A.G. Noorani notes, the RSS shakhas (branches) were not merely cultural centers but incubators for a militaristic ideology that stood in total opposition to the peaceable kingdom of Christ.11 The assassination of Gandhi was the first major act of this pagan militancy in independent India, a tragic outworking of a worldview that, having rejected the Creator, had no foundation left but violence and death.

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The Alleged Terror Plots: A Strategy of Deception

S.M. Mushrif’s work, Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged, alleges that the RSS and its affiliates, in their rebellion against God’s law, have employed a strategy of terror and deception to achieve their goals. The central claim is that these groups orchestrated a series of bombings in the 2000s and systematically framed innocent Muslims for the crimes, a profound violation of the Ninth Commandment: “You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.”12 This strategy reveals the depths of depravity that flow from a worldview that has rejected the God of truth. Without an absolute standard for truth, lies become a justifiable tool for the acquisition of power.

The 2006 and 2008 Malegaon Blasts

The investigation into the Malegaon blasts serves as a case study in this alleged conspiracy. The 2006 bombing at a Muslim cemetery, which killed 40 people, was initially blamed on Muslim groups. However, a later investigation led by ATS chief Hemant Karkare uncovered evidence pointing to RSS pracharak Sunil Joshi and members of the Hindu extremist group Abhinav Bharat, including Sadhvi Pragya Thakur.13 Similarly, when a blast killed six people in Malegaon on September 29, 2008, intelligence agencies immediately suspected Muslim organizations. But Karkare, refusing to rely on prejudiced assumptions, conducted a proper investigation. He traced the motorcycle used in the bombing to Sadhvi Pragya Singh Thakur, a woman associated with RSS affiliates like ABVP and VHP. Her arrest led to the implication of a network of RSS and BJP associates, including serving and retired military officers like Lt. Colonel Prasad Purohit.14

Karkare’s investigation uncovered what was described as a blueprint for a ‘Hindu Rashtra’. Laptops seized from the accused contained detailed information about the Abhinav Bharat organization, along with audio and video recordings of their meetings.15 A total of 14 individuals, all members of Abhinav Bharat with ties to the RSS, were named in the charge sheet for the 2008 blast. Narco analysis and brain mapping tests conducted on Purohit and Thakur further implicated their network in previous unsolved bombings, including the Samjhauta Express, Malegaon 2006, Ajmer Sharif, and Mecca Masjid attacks.16 Despite this, further investigation into these connections was stalled for years, particularly after Karkare's death. The failure to pursue these leads, as noted in the charge sheet itself, suggests a deliberate effort within the state to suppress evidence of this seditious conspiracy.17 The parallel blast in Modasa, Gujarat, which used a similar methodology, was likewise never rigorously investigated, further pointing to a systemic cover-up.18

Media Complicity in the Deception

Mushrif also highlights the complicity of the media in this grand deception. He notes that after one of the blasts, an accused member of the conspiracy called the media to claim responsibility in the name of a Hindu organization, ‘Dharmasena’. Yet, this crucial piece of information was never reported. This silence suggests that key figures within the media, having abandoned their God-given role to report truth, were sympathetic to the Brahmanist conspiracy and actively participated in the framing of Muslims.19 This demonstrates how, when the institutions of a society reject God’s authority, they become corrupted and serve the cause of lawlessness rather than justice.

The 2007 Samjhauta Express Bombing

The bombing of the Samjhauta Express on February 19, 2007, which killed 68 people, mostly Muslims, followed the same alleged pattern. For four years, the investigation was stalled due to what Mushrif claims was pressure from the Intelligence Bureau (IB). Haryana police had gathered key evidence in Indore but were denied cooperation by the Madhya Pradesh police.20 It was only after Karkare’s investigation into the Malegaon blast and subsequent public pressure that the case was handed over to the National Investigation Agency (NIA) in 2010. Swami Aseemanand, a senior RSS leader arrested in connection with other blasts, confessed in court in January 2011. He admitted that he and other members of the RSS, Abhinav Bharat, and another group, Jai Vande Mataram, were responsible for the Samjhauta Express and Malegaon 2006 blasts. He confessed to planning, financing, and sheltering the terrorists.21 Based on this confession and the earlier evidence, the NIA filed a charge sheet against Aseemanand, Sunil Joshi, and other RSS-linked individuals.22

The 2007 Ajmer Sharif and Mecca Masjid Blasts

The bomb blast at the Ajmer Sharif shrine on October 11, 2007, and at the Mecca Masjid in Hyderabad on August 18, 2007, were immediately blamed on Muslim organizations by police and the media, leading to the wrongful arrest of many innocent Muslims. However, crucial evidence, including SIM cards used by the perpetrators, was found by local police but ignored under pressure from central intelligence agencies.23 The truth only began to emerge in November 2008 during Lt. Colonel Purohit’s narco test, where he admitted that RDX, a military-grade explosive, had been used in the Ajmer blast. Subsequent investigations by a special team in Rajasthan and later the NIA confirmed that RSS and Jai Vande Mataram members were behind the attacks. The charge sheets filed implicated the same network of individuals, listing their official positions within the RSS and its affiliates, including pracharaks Sunil Joshi, Sandeep Dange, and Devendra Gupta, and senior leader Swami Aseemanand.24 In 2017, Devendra Gupta and Bhavesh Patel were formally convicted for their role in the Ajmer blast, a legal confirmation of the Hindutva terror network’s existence.25

A Pattern of Bomb-Making and Terror Training

Mushrif documents a consistent pattern of terror activity. On April 5, 2006, in Nanded, a bomb being assembled by RSS and Bajrang Dal members exploded prematurely at the home of an RSS worker, killing two terrorists and injuring four others. Narco tests on the survivors revealed their involvement in previous bombings of mosques in Parbhani, Jalna, and Purna. They confessed that the bomb they were building was intended for the largest mosque in Aurangabad on the day of Eid.26 Their testimony also revealed the existence of terror training camps organized by the RSS and Abhinav Bharat in Pune and other locations. Shockingly, they named a former senior police officer of the Maharashtra Intelligence Bureau as one of the trainers in bomb-making.27 This points to a deep-seated corruption where agents of the state, charged with upholding God’s law, were instead teaching others how to violate it.

This network also included the Sanatan Sanstha, another extremist group which provided training in weapons and bomb-making, allegedly at the Bhonsale Military School.28 In October 2009, two terrorists from this group died in Margao, Goa, when a bomb they were planting at a crowded Diwali festival exploded prematurely. Police found evidence at the scene—a bag with "Khan Market" written in Urdu and a bottle of perfume—planted to frame Muslims for the attack. This failed plot demonstrates the calculated and deceitful nature of the conspiracy: to murder innocent Hindus in order to incite hatred against innocent Muslims.29

Mushrif provides a list of other incidents where this network was allegedly involved:

• Lamba Khera (2003): Police recovered two powerful bombs intended for an attack on a Muslim gathering of over five lakh people. The main conspirators were RSS and Abhinav Bharat members.30

• Tenkasi (2008): A bomb blast at an RSS office was initially blamed on Muslims, but a careful investigation by Tamil Nadu police revealed it was an inside job, carried out by RSS members to incite communal hatred.31

• Panvel, Vashi, and Thane (2008): A series of bombings at movie theaters and a playhouse were carried out by terrorists from the Sanatan Sanstha and Hindu Janajagran Samiti. The Maharashtra ATS under Hemant Karkare investigated these cases, leading to the conviction and 10-year prison sentences for two of the terrorists.32

• Akshardham Temple (2002): An attack that killed 32 people was immediately blamed on a Muslim group, and six Muslims were convicted. The Supreme Court later acquitted all of them, finding the evidence to have been fabricated by Gujarat police. Evidence from the Nanded investigation suggested that the RSS-linked terrorists had prior knowledge of the attack, but this was never pursued.33

• Meenakshi Temple (1996): A bombing initially blamed on Muslims was later confessed to by arrested RSS members, who admitted they did it to incite communal hatred. The case was suppressed due to political pressure.34

• Surat (1993): A bomb blast at an RSS headquarters was blamed on Muslims. Years later, during the Ajmer Sharif investigation, accused RSS pracharak Devendra Gupta confessed that the RSS had bombed its own office to frame Muslims and gain Hindu sympathy.35

• Kalupur Railway Station (2006): A bombing blamed on Muslims resulted in the arrest of four youths who were later acquitted by a local court that found the evidence against them to be false.36

Mushrif concludes that this extensive network of terror, involving the RSS, Abhinav Bharat, and other Brahmanist organizations, constitutes a nationwide seditious conspiracy. He warns that the cooperation of some secret agencies and police officers in this conspiracy puts the entire country in danger of civil war. The objective of his work, he states, is to expose this rebellion against law and order before it consumes the nation.37

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The Murder of Hemant Karkare: Silencing the Pursuit of Justice

In his book Who Killed Karkare?, Mushrif presents the controversial but compelling thesis that the murder of ATS chief Hemant Karkare during the 2008 Mumbai attacks was not a random act of foreign terrorists but a targeted assassination orchestrated by the Hindutva network he was exposing.38 Karkare’s investigation was a direct threat to this conspiracy. By uncovering the involvement of high-profile RSS-linked figures like Sadhvi Pragya Thakur and Lt. Col. Purohit in the Malegaon blast, he was systematically dismantling the false narrative of "Muslim terrorism" and revealing the truth of the Brahmanist terror plot. His death on November 26, 2008, conveniently halted this investigation at its most critical juncture.

Mushrif argues that Karkare, as a civil magistrate fulfilling his God-given duty to expose evil and pursue justice,39 became an enemy of this lawless network. The mysterious murder of Sunil Joshi in 2007, a key RSS pracharak and a central figure in the terror plots, is presented as a precursor—an attempt to eliminate a witness before he could testify.40 While Mushrif's claims about Karkare’s death are debated, they are supported by circumstantial evidence, including the reported suppression of Karkare's investigation files after his murder.41 This alleged act, if true, represents the ultimate rebellion against God’s ordained structure of justice: the murder of the magistrate to protect the criminals.

The Hindutva network, as described by Mushrif, is a Brahmanist enterprise designed to maintain a pagan, caste-based social order. It uses the fear of "Muslim terrorism"—a threat it allegedly manufactures itself—to consolidate power and unite Hindus under its dominion.42 Karkare’s honest police work shattered this false narrative. His investigation exposed the RSS not as a patriotic cultural organization, but as a seditious terror network. By Mushrif’s count, the Sangh family is implicated in at least 18 pending cases of terrorism.43 Karkare’s murder was, in this view, the network’s desperate attempt to preserve its great deception.

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False Justice and True Justice

This chapter has exposed a grim account of alleged deception: the systematic framing of minorities, the silencing of truth-tellers like Hemant Karkare, and the use of terror as a political tool. These actions are more than a political failure; they are a profound rebellion against the very nature of God, who is a God of truth and justice. When men exalt an ideology as their ultimate authority, justice is inevitably perverted into a weapon of oppression. Scripture pronounces a divine curse on such a system:

"Woe to those who decree iniquitous decrees, and the writers who keep writing oppression, to turn aside the needy from justice and to rob the poor of my people of their right." (Isaiah 10:1–2)44

When a nation suppresses truth, punishes the innocent, and protects the guilty, it invites the judgment of a holy God.

The Standard of True Justice

The Bible does not leave us without a standard for justice. God’s revealed law is the only perfect and unchanging foundation for a righteous society. The psalmist declares:

"The law of the LORD is perfect, reviving the soul; the testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple." (Psalm 19:7)45

Unlike the shifting and self-serving goals of political movements, God’s Word provides a firm foundation for restraining evil and protecting the innocent. True justice cannot be built on violence, lies, or manipulation; it must be grounded in the character and commands of God Himself. At the same time, the Gospel makes it clear that God’s kingdom is not advanced by carnal weapons. Christ’s reign is established not by bombs and coercion, but by the proclamation of the Word and the regenerating power of the Holy Spirit. As the Apostle Paul reminds us:

"For the weapons of our warfare are not of the flesh but have divine power to destroy strongholds." (2 Corinthians 10:4)46

The Freedom of the Gospel

Where Hindutva seeks to establish its dominion through intimidation and bloodshed, the kingdom of Christ advances through freedom—the freedom to hear the truth, to believe, and to repent. Christ Himself promised:

"If you abide in my word, you are truly my disciples, and you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free." (John 8:31–32)47

This is not a license for autonomy, but a liberation from the bondage of sin and from the lies of false, man-made ideologies. In Christ, the most oppressed person can find true dignity, and the most wicked terrorist can find forgiveness if he repents and believes.

A Call to the Reader

The catastrophic failure of human justice detailed in this chapter points to our desperate need for a higher Judge—the Lord Jesus Christ, who sits on the throne of heaven and who will judge the world in righteousness.48 One day, every false verdict will be overturned, every secret terror plot will be exposed, and every act of injustice will be held to account.

But the good news of the Gospel is this: the supreme Judge is also the gracious Savior. He took the penalty for our sin upon Himself at the cross, so that all who turn from their rebellion and trust in Him may be justified—declared righteous before God. The very justice of God that condemns all evil also provides mercy and forgiveness through the blood of His Son.

The question, therefore, is this: Will you continue to place your hope in fallen human systems that inevitably corrupt justice, or will you submit to the King whose law is perfect and whose Gospel offers true freedom? He calls to you today, not by force, but by grace. Come to Him, and you will find both forgiveness for your sins and the only unshakable foundation for true justice.

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Chapter 5: An Evaluation of Competing Foundations in Modern India {#chapter-5:-an-evaluation-of-competing-foundations-in-modern-india}

India’s modern history has been the battleground for two irreconcilable visions, each stemming from opposing theological foundations. One is the vision of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), which seeks to build a nation upon the idolatrous foundation of Hindutva. The other is the vision that has flowed from Christian missions, which, by proclaiming the Gospel, has laid the groundwork for justice, mercy, and a true Christian brotherhood. This chapter evaluates the tangible contributions of these two worldviews across the primary spheres of society: education, healthcare, social reform, culture, governance, community, and the economy. By examining the fruits of each system, we can discern the nature of its root. The legacy of the RSS, marked by the violent outworking of its ideology—from Gandhi’s assassination to alleged terror plots—will be contrasted with the legacy of Christian missions, which, in obedience to God's Word, sought to bring healing and order. The fundamental question is not which group was more politically effective, but which worldview provides a foundation for righteousness, truth, and life.

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Education: The Discipling of Minds

Missionary Contributions

The educational institutions founded by Christian missionaries were not established to promote secularism, but to fulfill the Great Commission to disciple the nations by teaching them all that Christ has commanded.1 They became pillars of India’s intellectual life because they operated on the biblical presupposition that truth is real, knowable, and revealed by God. Schools like St. Stephen’s College in Delhi, Loyola College in Chennai, and St. Xavier’s College in Mumbai were established on the Reformation principle that every person, as an image-bearer of God, should have the ability to read and understand God’s Word and His world.2 The critical thinking they fostered was a direct fruit of a worldview that believes in a logical, orderly Creator and objective truth. The transformative effect of this vision is powerfully demonstrated in the Northeast, where the work of Baptist and Presbyterian missionaries led Mizoram to achieve a 91% literacy rate by 2011, one of the highest in India.3 By offering education to all, including the Dalits whom the pagan caste system had deemed unworthy of knowledge, these institutions were a living testament to the biblical truth that in Christ there is neither bond nor free.4

RSS Contributions

In stark contrast, the educational efforts of the RSS, through its Vidya Bharati network of over 12,000 schools, represent a systematic program of indoctrination into a pagan worldview.5 The curriculum is designed not to seek truth, but to create loyal subjects for an idol: the Hindu Rashtra. The emphasis on Hindu epics, reverence for nationalistic symbols like Bharat Mata, and morning prayers to Hindu deities is a form of state-sanctioned idolatry.6 As critics like Shamsul Islam and A.G. Noorani have noted, this educational model explicitly glorifies Brahmanical traditions while vilifying and erasing the history of minority communities.7 This rewriting of history is a necessary tactic for any worldview that has rejected the God of truth; it must fabricate its own past to justify its present rebellion. This constitutes an illegitimate intrusion of a political ideology into the sphere of education, twisting it from a tool for seeking truth into a factory for producing idolaters.

While Vidya Bharati schools may expand access to basic schooling, their core mission is ideological conformity. They foster a majoritarian mindset that views non-Hindus as cultural outsiders, a direct contradiction of the biblical command to love one's neighbor. The educational vision of the missionaries sought to liberate minds by grounding them in God's reality; the vision of the RSS seeks to enslave minds by binding them to a man-made idol.

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Healthcare: The Ministry of Healing

Missionary Contributions

Christian missionaries pioneered modern healthcare in India as a direct act of obedience to Jesus Christ, the Great Physician, who commanded His followers to show mercy and care for the sick.8 Hospitals like the Christian Medical College (CMC) in Vellore, founded by Ida Scudder in 1900, were established not as humanitarian projects, but as ministries of the Gospel, demonstrating the compassion of God in a world broken by sin.9 This biblical mandate led to the creation of a vast network of hospitals and clinics, especially in rural and tribal areas, which served all people regardless of their caste or creed. By 2010, Christians, constituting only 2.3% of the population, were responsible for an estimated 20% of the nation’s healthcare capacity.10 This disproportionate contribution is powerful evidence of a worldview that compels its adherents to love and serve the suffering, seeing in every person a creature made in the image of God.

RSS Contributions

The healthcare initiatives of the RSS are a faint and distorted echo of this Christian ministry of mercy. They have borrowed the form of compassionate service but have emptied it of its universal, God-glorifying substance. The focus of their work, such as in the Deendayal Upadhyaya hospitals, is often on serving Hindu communities, and as A.G. Noorani argues, their efforts frequently exclude minorities and are limited in scale.11 This reveals that their motivation is not the unconditional love of neighbor commanded by God, but a tribalistic loyalty to their own ideological group. Their work is a political tool for ideological expansion, not a genuine outflow of mercy. The missionary vision for healthcare is rooted in the biblical command to heal; the RSS vision is rooted in a political strategy to consolidate its pagan base.

Social Reform: Warfare Against Demonic Strongholds

Missionary Contributions

The work of Christian missionaries in social reform was not a progressive political project; it was spiritual warfare against the demonic strongholds of Indian society. The brutal practices of sati (widow burning) and the dehumanizing caste system are the rotten fruit of a pagan religious system. Missionaries fought against these evils by applying the universal and unchanging moral law of God. Influenced by their advocacy, the Sati Regulation Act of 1829 was a civil application of God’s command, “You shall not murder.”12 Pandita Ramabai’s Mukti Mission (1889) was a ministry of biblical justice, rescuing high-caste widows and Dalit women from a system that had condemned them to a living death.13 The mass conversions among Dalits in places like Tamil Nadu were a response to the liberating power of the Gospel, which declared them to be equal image-bearers of God, a truth their own religion had viciously denied.

RSS Contributions

The RSS’s claims to promote social harmony are rendered hollow by its actions, which consistently reinforce the very structures of oppression that missionaries sought to dismantle. Their Ghar Wapsi (“homecoming”) campaigns are a spiritually bankrupt effort to drag people who have found freedom in Christ back into the bondage of the demonic caste system.14 As RSS chief Mohan Bhagwat’s rhetoric makes clear, these campaigns are not about genuine faith but about consolidating a Hindu voting bloc and reinforcing Brahmanical norms.15 Their claims of creating "Hindu unity" are a pretense, for true unity cannot be built on a foundation of systemic injustice. The missionary vision for social reform was to bring God’s law to bear on a lawless culture; the RSS’s project is to preserve a lawless culture in defiance of God’s law.

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Religion and Culture: The Transformation of a Nation’s Identity

Missionary Contributions

Christianity does not seek to amalgamate with pagan cultures, for what fellowship has light with darkness?16 Rather, it seeks to redeem and transform culture under the Lordship of Jesus Christ. Attempts at syncretism, such as Brahmabandhav Upadhyay’s efforts to integrate Hindu philosophy with Christian theology, were fundamentally flawed, risking a compromise of the Gospel’s exclusive truth claims.17 The true cultural contribution of missions was not in blending with paganism, but in challenging it with biblical truth, thereby laying a foundation for a culture of life and justice. The historical example of the St. Thomas Christians shows a community that, at its best, brought biblical principles of order and industry to bear on the surrounding culture, and at its worst, compromised its witness through unholy alliances.18 A faithful Christian witness enriches a nation’s culture not by adopting its idolatry, but by calling it to repentance.

RSS Contributions

The cultural agenda of the RSS is an explicit project of idolatry, rooted in Savarkar’s pagan ideology of Hindutva. It seeks to impose a monolithic, Brahmanical vision of culture upon the entire nation, erasing the distinct identities of all who do not conform.19 This totalitarian impulse was given its most vivid expression in the 1992 demolition of the Babri Masjid, an act which A.G. Noorani rightly calls a "cultural assault on Indian pluralism."20 It was a physical act of destruction that symbolized the RSS’s spiritual agenda: to tear down any altar that is not dedicated to its own national idol. This is an illegitimate attempt by a political movement to dominate the spheres of religion and culture, forcing them into the service of its pagan vision.

Governance and Politics: The Role of the Civil Magistrate

Missionary Contributions

The Christian support for Indian independence and a just civil order was rooted in a biblical understanding of governance. The All India Conference of Indian Christians (1914), in its call for a unified India, was advocating for a state that would operate within its God-given and limited sphere: to punish evil, protect the innocent, and ensure liberty of conscience for all citizens.21 This is not a call for a "secular" state in the modern, godless sense, but for a just state that recognizes its authority comes from God and is therefore limited by His law. Figures like K.T. Paul and C.F. Andrews worked with Congress leaders to promote these ideals, which are the necessary political fruit of a Christian worldview.22

RSS Contributions

The political agenda of the RSS, enacted through its political arm, the BJP, represents a tyrannical overreach of the state in rebellion against God. Policies like the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) of 2019 and the various anti-conversion laws passed in BJP-ruled states are a flagrant violation of sphere sovereignty. They use the sword of the civil magistrate—a power ordained by God for justice—as a weapon to enforce religious and cultural conformity.23 As A.G. Noorani argues, these policies institutionalize religious discrimination, effectively relegating non-Hindus to a second-class status.24 This is the establishment of a pagan theocracy, where the state becomes god and demands ultimate allegiance. The deep penetration of RSS ideology into the judiciary, law enforcement, and bureaucracy, as noted by Shamsul Islam, represents a systematic dismantling of just governance in favor of an ideological tyranny.25

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Community Development and the Economy: Stewardship vs. Exclusion

Missionary Contributions

The missionary contribution to community development and the economy was an outworking of the biblical principle of stewardship. By building schools that produced skilled professionals and hospitals that created a healthier workforce, missionaries laid a foundation for broad-based economic growth and social cohesion.26 Their work in Nagaland, which is now 97% Christian, transformed a society plagued by tribal conflict into one of the most literate and stable regions in India.27 Their focus on empowering Dalits and tribals was a direct application of biblical commands to seek justice for the poor and oppressed, resulting in greater economic equity.

RSS Contributions

The RSS’s seva (service) projects and economic initiatives, by contrast, are often exclusive and serve as tools for ideological consolidation. S.M. Mushrif alleges that these projects mask a communal agenda, and Shamsul Islam notes that they often reinforce Brahmanical dominance.28 Their economic philosophy, articulated by the Swadeshi Jagaran Manch (SJM), promotes a form of economic nationalism that, as A.G. Noorani argues, marginalizes non-Hindus from the national narrative.29 This has manifested in tangible economic warfare, such as calls by RSS workers for boycotts of Muslim-owned businesses.30 This is a direct violation of God’s laws of economic justice, which demand just weights and measures for all, not tribalistic exclusion.31

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The Ultimate Betrayal: A Legacy of Violence

The supposed contributions of the RSS to the nation are entirely overshadowed by the violent fruit of its idolatrous ideology. This legacy begins with the 1948 assassination of Mahatma Gandhi by Nathuram Godse, a man steeped in RSS ideology. It continues through the decades with a consistent pattern of communal violence and is exemplified by the allegations of orchestrated terror detailed by S.M. Mushrif. The bombings of the Samjhauta Express, the Ajmer Sharif shrine, and other locations, along with the alleged murder of Hemant Karkare to cover up this network, are the necessary consequences of a worldview that has rejected the God of truth and justice.32 This legacy of violence is not an aberration; it is the faithful expression of a pagan creed.

The True Forging of a Nation’s Soul

Across all seven spheres, the conclusion is inescapable. The contributions of Christian missionaries, rooted in obedience to the Word of God, consistently produced the fruit of healing, justice, knowledge, and unity. They laid a foundation for an orderly society because they were building, however imperfectly, upon the rock of God’s unchanging truth. The work of the RSS, rooted in rebellion against God and the worship of a national idol, has consistently produced the fruit of division, deception, oppression, and violence. Their foundation is the sinking sand of human autonomy. The Christian brotherhood offered a vision of true equality in Christ; Hindutva offered a vision of coerced unity under a pagan banner.

The competing legacies expose a fundamental truth: a nation is measured by its relationship to the one true God. When a society is built on the lies of sinful men, it will inevitably descend into corruption and tyranny. The prophet Jeremiah warns:

"The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately sick; who can understand it?" (Jeremiah 17:9)33

Only the Word of God provides a foundation that does not shift with the whims of human ideology. The psalmist declares:

"The sum of your word is truth, and every one of your righteous rules endures forever." (Psalm 119:160)34

God’s law is the only path to true liberty, for it restrains evil and protects the weak. This is why the work of missionaries was profoundly biblical. When they built schools for Dalits and hospitals for the poor, they were living out the reality that God’s law values every life and His Gospel offers freedom to all.

The ultimate question for India is not which human ideology will prevail, but on what foundation will the nation stand? Jesus Christ gave the answer:

"Everyone then who hears these words of mine and does them will be like a wise man who built his house on the rock... And everyone who hears these words of mine and does not do them will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand." (Matthew 7:24, 26)35

All other foundations—be it Hindutva or any other man-made system—are sand. Only Christ and His Word are the rock that endures.

A Call to the Reader

Dear reader, you stand before the same choice: to trust in human traditions that cannot save, or to build your life on the Word of God and the salvation offered in Jesus Christ. The contributions of missionaries point beyond themselves to the Savior who sent them. He is the true foundation of all justice, mercy, and unity. Today He calls to you, not by coercion, but by grace:

"Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest." (Matthew 11:28)36

Will you remain in systems that exalt the wisdom of man, or will you bow to the King whose Word endures forever? Only Christ can forgive your sins, free you from false foundations, and forge your soul anew. In Him alone is the hope for India and for the world.

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Chapter 6: The Spiritual Conflict in Contemporary India (2025) {#chapter-6:-the-spiritual-conflict-in-contemporary-india-(2025)}

As India stands in the year 2025, the spiritual antithesis between the Kingdom of God and the rebellious kingdom of man is more pronounced than ever. The Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), through its political arm, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), wields unprecedented power, advancing a pagan Hindutva agenda that escalates conflict. The implementation of tyrannical anti-conversion laws, discriminatory policies like the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), and the surge in anti-Christian violence are the logical fruits of this idolatrous worldview. In stark contrast, the Church of Jesus Christ, through the ongoing work of Christian missions, continues to be salt and light, laying foundations of truth and mercy through education, healthcare, and social righteousness, thereby demonstrating a true Christian brotherhood. Drawing on documented evidence of the RSS’s divisive tactics and its alleged history of terror, this chapter examines how the dominance of this pagan ideology is a direct assault on God’s law and order, while the faithful witness of the Church endures despite persecution. The ultimate question for this era is not which political vision will triumph, but which foundation will stand: the shifting sands of man’s idolatry, or the unshakeable rock of Jesus Christ?

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RSS Dominance and the Codification of Rebellion

The influence of the RSS in 2025, exercised through the BJP government, has solidified Hindutva as the reigning public philosophy, weaving pagan presuppositions into the very fabric of the state. The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) of 2019 stands as a clear example of this rebellion against God’s standard of justice. By creating a pathway to citizenship that explicitly excludes Muslims, the law establishes a new, idolatrous standard for human worth based on religious identity, a flagrant rejection of the biblical truth that all people are created in the image of God and are equal before His law.1 As A.G. Noorani rightly notes, this is a "direct assault on India’s secular constitution," but more fundamentally, it is an assault on the righteousness of God.2 The CAA, combined with the National Register of Citizens (NRC), has been widely seen as a mechanism for disenfranchising those who do not conform to the Hindutva vision, leading to widespread protests.3

Furthermore, the implementation of tyrannical anti-conversion laws in states like Uttar Pradesh (2020) and Madhya Pradesh (2021) represents a blasphemous overreach of the state into a sphere where God alone is sovereign: the human heart. These laws, which criminalize conversion under the vague pretexts of "force" or "fraud," are designed to halt the advance of the Gospel.4 They are a direct attack on the Great Commission, attempting to make obedience to Christ a criminal offense. As Shamsul Islam argues, such laws aim to "break India’s composite culture," but their deeper purpose is to suppress the truth of Christ, which the RSS correctly perceives as the ultimate threat to its pagan ideology.5

The network of over 60,000 RSS shakhas continues to function as the primary engine for this indoctrination, training cadres to enforce a worldview that is in total opposition to God's law.6 A.G. Noorani and S.M. Mushrif have documented how the RSS’s deep influence over state institutions, including the judiciary and police, subverts justice. This corruption of the civil magistrate—ordained by God to be a minister of justice for all7—is evident in cases like the 2019 acquittal of terror-accused Swami Aseemanand, which occurred despite his earlier confessions.8 This systemic perversion of justice is the inevitable consequence when a nation’s institutions begin to serve an idol rather than the living God.

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Anti-Christian Violence: The World’s Hatred Made Manifest

The surge in violence against Christians is not a random social phenomenon; it is the fulfillment of Christ’s promise to His disciples: “If the world hates you, know that it has hated me before it hated you.”9 As the influence of the pagan Hindutva worldview grows, so too does its hatred for the light of the Gospel. Shamsul Islam has documented over 100 annual attacks on Christians since 2014, including the vandalism of churches, the unjust arrests of pastors, and brutal mob violence.10 The horrific 1999 murder of missionary Graham Staines and his two sons serves as a stark precedent for the kind of satanic violence that this ideology inspires. Reports from 2024 of attacks on Christian schools in Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand, often justified by the lie of "forced conversions," show that this spirit of persecution is alive and well.11

S.M. Mushrif’s analysis is astute: the rhetoric used to justify violence against Christians mirrors the strategy of framing Muslims in terror plots, proving that the target is anyone who does not bow to the Hindutva idol.12 This trend is seen in incidents like the 2023 disruption of a Christian prayer meeting in Chhattisgarh by a Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) mob, for which no one was held accountable.13

This violence is strategically directed against the Church’s ministry to the marginalized. With 70% of India’s Christian population coming from Dalit and tribal backgrounds, the Gospel is a message of liberation from the demonic bondage of the caste system.14 As A.G. Noorani notes, the RSS perceives this empowerment of the oppressed as a direct threat to the Brahmanical hierarchy it seeks to preserve.15 The hostility of the Hindutva movement towards Christians is, at its root, a spiritual conflict. It is the rage of a dying paganism against the life-giving power of the Gospel of Jesus Christ.

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The Resilience of the Church: A Kingdom That Cannot Be Shaken

Despite the rising tide of persecution, the Church of Jesus Christ in India remains a resilient and foundational pillar of the nation, a testament to God’s promise that the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.16 In 2025, Christian institutions continue to fulfill their mandate to be salt and light. They provide education to an estimated 20% of India’s students, with schools like St. Xavier’s and Loyola College producing leaders in every sphere of society.17 The Christian Medical College (CMC) in Vellore remains a beacon of healing, serving millions annually and training world-class medical professionals in an environment that honors God by serving all people, regardless of their faith.18

This kingdom impact is especially evident in the Northeast. In Nagaland (97% Christian) and Mizoram (87% Christian), the legacy of missionary work has produced remarkably high literacy rates (91% in Mizoram) and a degree of social cohesion that stands as a powerful rebuke to the divisive Ghar Wapsi campaigns of the RSS.19

The Church’s commitment to social righteousness continues, embodying the biblical vision of justice and equality. Organizations like the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of India (CBCI) continue to advocate for a just state by challenging the tyrannical anti-conversion laws through legal means.20 This resilience is not rooted in a political ideology, but in the power of the Holy Spirit and the truth of the Gospel, which builds a kingdom that cannot be shaken by earthly powers.

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The RSS’s Divisive Legacy: The Rotten Fruit of a Pagan Root

The contemporary agenda of the RSS is built upon a historical foundation of division, violence, and rebellion against God’s law. The allegations of terror detailed by S.M. Mushrif are not an aberration but are the consistent outworking of the Hindutva worldview. The bombings of the Samjhauta Express (70 killed) and the Ajmer Sharif shrine, which were linked to RSS pracharaks like the convicted terrorist Devendra Gupta, reveal a willingness to sacrifice innocent lives for ideological ends.21 Mushrif’s further allegation that the 2008 murder of ATS chief Hemant Karkare was an RSS plot to silence his investigation into their terror network points to a conspiracy of profound lawlessness.22

This legacy of violence began with the 1948 assassination of Mahatma Gandhi by Nathuram Godse, a man whose mind was shaped by the pagan nationalism of the RSS.23 It is a legacy that includes tacit support for the demonic caste system, as evidenced by its complicity in caste massacres.24 This entire history is the bitter harvest of a tree planted in the soil of idolatry.

The following document, presented by Dr. Sukhpreet Singh Udoke as a secret policy program of the RSS, lays bare the alleged mechanics of this lawless agenda. If authentic, it is a detailed blueprint for rebellion against every command of God—a plan to sow division, corrupt institutions, oppress the weak, and subvert truth. It must be read not as a political manifesto, but as a catechism of wickedness flowing directly from the worship of a false god.

Alleged Secret Policy Programme of the RSS

1. To accumulate the maximum amount of explosives and weapons.

2. Caste Hindus to be instigated against Muslims and Low Castes.

3. Sense of Hinduism be instilled among the Govt officers.

4. Hinduvad be promoted among Medical professionals and the new born babies of Muslims and Dalits be mistreated in such way that they grow disabled.

5. Slogans of Om and Jai Shri Ram be popularised among the children of Low Caste colonies.

6. To boycott secular anti-Hindu programmes.

7. To promote the interests of traders engaged in drug supplies, intoxicants, gambling, lotteries etc. More and more Hindu festivals be celebrated in Govt offices. To plunder the Muslim and Non Hindu shops during riots.

8. To lure Muslim and Dalit young girls to prostitution.

9. To Halt or slow down the mental and body growth of non-swarn caste children by supplying them harmful substances with the help of teachers.

10. To admit SC/ST children in Hindu schools to indoctrinate them with Hindu literature.

11. To defile the sanctity of Muslim and Dalit women during communal riots. Keep the Surat example in mind so that friendship and acquaintance may not become hindrance.

12. To install images of Hindu deities near non-Hindu places of worship and such literature be produced that those are in fact Hindu shrines. Please contact with headquarters for further guidance.

13. To produce anti-Islam and anti-Buddhism literature. Like prove it that Ashok the great was not a Buddhist but a Hindu.

14. To destroy anti-Brahminism, Dalit and Muslim literature and not to allow such literature in libraries etc.

15. To violate Govt instruction on fulfilling backlog of SC/STs. (So that higher caste employees get benefit).

16. To print stickers, calendars and pamphlets of characters of Ramayana.

17. To continues availing the services of Sadhus and Saint babas to keep the Dalits and Backward classes in blind faiths.

18. To continue the programmes of conversion of Jains, Buddhists and Sikhs into Hinduism. Keep Patna model in mind.

19. To continue attacks on Communists and Dalits.

20. To accelerate anti-Mandal programmes. (Mandal Commission had sought justice for Dalits).

21. To create dissensions among caste Hindus and Dalits/Muslims and instigate communal riots.

22. To vigorously pursue Chanakya Niti the political policy.

23. To promote Devdasi Tradition among Dalits. To pursue them create pictures deities where they are shown kissing the damsels. Use of mild intoxicants.

24. Slow poisoning of Dalits and Adi Vasis.

25. To somehow control the media and motivate the editors to Brahminism.

26. To ensure the victory of SC/ST candidates who support Brahminism.

27. To prepare anti-Muslim writers from amongst Muslims and similarly from Dalits. Here make use of the ‘secularism’ tool.

28. To support Savarna caste traders and money lenders plunder the non-swarnas.

29. To have observation over the activities of non-Hindus and keep the head quarter informed.

30. To murder the anti-Hindu/Brahmin and dispose off the bodies in accordance with already laid down policy.

31. To continue meetings of the Swayam Sewak’s on the full moon nights.

32. To blew whistles i.e. continue passing on secret messages.25

The Manifestation of a Pagan State

The following documented instances are not merely examples of political favoritism, but evidence of a state increasingly conforming to the principles of a pagan worldview. When the state rejects the true God, it must find new gods to worship, and its laws and practices will inevitably reflect that idolatry.

• Hindu leaders openly opposing the foundational principle of a just state and calling to establish a Hindu Rashtra.

• The President’s bodyguards being restricted to three specific castes, a clear violation of the principle of equality before the law.

• The establishment of Sanskrit as an official language in some states, a symbolic elevation of a religious language.

• Discriminatory visa penalties that are 200 times higher for Muslims than for Hindus from neighboring countries.

• The use of a Hindu deity as the State Emblem of Karnataka.

• The installation of an idol of Manu, the author of the oppressive caste laws, in the premises of the Rajasthan High Court.

• Proposals to install Hindu idols in historical sites like the Akbar fort.

• Bans on non-vegetarian food and animal slaughter in Hindu holy sites and during religious festivals.

• State subsidies for Hindu pilgrimages like the Amarnath Yatra, while non-Hindu activities are suppressed.

• The expenditure of thousands of crore rupees on the Kumbh Mela and other Hindu festivals.

• The discriminatory nature of the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill.

• The regulation of non-Hindu conversion while Hindutva groups freely conduct Ghar Wapsi programs.

• The implementation of anti-cow slaughter laws and a "cow cess" (tax) in several states.

• The misuse of national security laws to harass Muslims accused of cow slaughter.

• The pervasive presence of Hindu idols and photos in courts and government offices.

• The establishment of "Hindu only" villages and housing societies, and the prohibition of non-Hindus from entering certain temples.

• Police uniforms in Mathura bearing a logo with an image of Krishna.

• The prohibition of Muslims from celebrating their festivals in certain areas.

• The use of colonial-era provisions to prohibit non-Hindu activities in Haridwar.

• The structuring of reservation policies to primarily benefit Hindu classes.

• Government benefits for Kashmiri Pandits but not for Muslim victims of riots.

• The denial of nutritious food like eggs in government-funded mid-day meals due to the religious sentiments of Hindu groups like ISKCON.

• Massive state funding for the Ganga River on the basis of its sacred status in Hinduism.

• Political party alignment with traditions that violate basic human rights, as in the Sabarimala issue.

• The changing of place names to erase non-Hindu heritage.

• The rewarding and political elevation of those who have murdered Muslims.

• A specific tax rebate for the Hindu Undivided Family (HUF).

• The tolerance of illegal acts (public nudity, drug use) by Naga Sadhus due to their religious status.

• The social acceptance of polygamous relationships for Hindus under a different name (Maitri Karar).

• The mandatory teaching of Hindu religious texts like the Gita and Ramayana in government schools.

• The withdrawal of criminal cases against Hindus involved in riots.

• Caste-based discrimination in hiring at educational institutions like Banaras Hindu University.

• The use of government websites to promote Hinduism.

• The government promotion of Yoga, a practice rooted in Hindu spirituality.

• The sanctioning of stock market trading based on Hindu astrological timings (Muhurat).

• The practice of giving Diwali bonuses in government and private sectors.

• A legal framework where seeking votes in the name of Hindutva is permitted while doing so in the name of other religions is not.

• Laws prohibiting non-Hindus from conducting trade near temples in Karnataka.

A Harvest of Violence

A worldview that claims to be peaceful and tolerant while being rooted in a violent and intolerant theology will inevitably produce hypocrisy and bloodshed. The claim that Hindus are uniquely tolerant is a self-serving myth that is demonstrably false, not only in ancient history but in the daily reality of modern India. The sheer volume of communal violence, as officially reported by the NCRB—644 incidents in 2014, 789 in 2015, 869 in 2016, and 723 in 2017—is a testament to this reality.26 The following lists, though tragically long, represent only a fraction of the documented atrocities that are the fruit of this pagan system. They are a catalog of rebellion against God’s law.

Hindutva Activity in Nation Building see end of the book

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Conclusion: Forging a Nation on the Rock of Christ {#conclusion:-forging-a-nation-on-the-rock-of-christ}

India in 2025 stands at a precipice, its soul torn between two irreconcilable foundations. The first is the foundation of Hindutva, promoted by the RSS, which seeks to build a nation on the idolatrous sands of race, caste, and pagan religion. Its fruits are plain to see: division, violence, injustice, and a systematic rebellion against the law of God. The second is the foundation laid by the Gospel of Jesus Christ, brought by missionaries and now carried by the Indian church. Its fruits are also plain: healing, knowledge, social righteousness, and the hope of a true Christian brotherhood where all are one in Christ.

B.R. Ambedkar’s warning against the calamity of Hinduraj was a prescient diagnosis of a spiritual disease.27 The RSS’s strategic push to replace India’s Constitution with the Manusmriti is the ultimate goal of this disease: to supplant a system that retains some remnant of God’s common grace with a legal code that is explicitly pagan and demonic.28

The choice for India is not between two competing political programs but between two theological realities. A nation built on the lies of fallen man will inevitably crumble into tyranny and chaos. The only sure foundation is the rock of God’s revealed Word and the saving work of His Son, Jesus Christ. This is the foundation upon which Christian missionaries, however imperfectly, sought to build. This is the only foundation that can secure a future of justice, peace, and liberty. The question is not who will forge India’s soul, but upon what foundation that soul will be forged.

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The Battle Over India’s Soul Today {#the-battle-over-india’s-soul-today}

The preceding chapters have demonstrated that the conflict for the soul of India is not merely historical or political but is an ongoing spiritual war. The ascendancy of the RSS and its political arms, the implementation of tyrannical anti-conversion laws, the eruption of mob violence, and the systemic silencing of those who bear the name of Christ all reveal a nation caught in the throes of a foundational struggle. The issue is not one of competing ideologies in a neutral public square; the issue is one of ultimate lordship. The question is this: Whose law, whose truth, and whose authority will be acknowledged as sovereign—the Triune God of Holy Scripture, or the idols of a pagan state?

Human laws, when severed from the eternal law of God, are not neutral. They inevitably become instruments of rebellion and oppression. Devoid of a transcendent anchor in the character of a holy God, they are twisted to punish the righteous, protect the powerful, and lay claim to the conscience, a domain over which Christ alone is Lord. Scripture gives a clear and binding warning against placing ultimate hope in such fallen systems:

"It is better to take refuge in the LORD than to trust in man." (Psalm 118:8)1

When nations exalt their own autonomous will and their man-made traditions as the supreme authority, they are incapable of producing true peace or justice. They can only multiply their own lawlessness, for they have rejected the only source of law itself.

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God’s Law as the Only True Foundation

In stark antithesis to the shifting sands of human opinion stands the Word of God, which provides the only foundation for reality that is righteous, unchanging, and absolute. The psalmist declares that justice is not a human invention but an attribute of God Himself, flowing from His very being:

"Righteousness and justice are the foundation of your throne; steadfast love and faithfulness go before you." (Psalm 89:14)2

Unlike the laws of men, which seek to bind the conscience through fear and coercion, God’s law brings true liberty because it is the truth that aligns with created reality.3 God’s commands uphold the sanctity of life, protect the innocent, and defend the weak because they are a reflection of His own perfectly holy character. True justice, therefore, cannot be defined by the pagan dictates of Hindutva, nor by the empty promises of a godless secularism, nor by the arbitrary will of a democratic majority. Justice has meaning only because it is defined and revealed by the one true God who is Lord over all creation.

At the same time, the kingdom of God does not advance by the sword of the state. It is established by the sovereign power of the Holy Spirit through the proclamation of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. As the Apostle Paul wrote:

"So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ." (Romans 10:17)4

Therefore, laws that attempt to criminalize and suppress Christian conversion reveal not the strength of the pagan state, but its profound fear. The Hindutva project fears a power it cannot control, a message it cannot silence, and a King it cannot dethrone. The Gospel does not need the permission of parliaments or the protection of prisons to prevail. It needs only to be faithfully proclaimed, for it alone is "the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes." (Romans 1:16)5

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The Final Reckoning

The contemporary tensions in India, however severe, are but a shadow of the final, eschatological reckoning to come. All human kingdoms, built on the pride and rebellion of fallen men, are temporary. Scripture promises that every earthly throne will be cast down, every idol will be shattered, and every nation will be brought to stand before the judgment seat of Jesus Christ. The Apostle John’s vision in Revelation is not a hopeful wish but a divine certainty, revealing the true and final destiny of the world:

"After this I looked, and behold, a great multitude that no one could number, from every nation, from all tribes and peoples and languages, standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed in white robes, with palm branches in their hands, and crying out with a loud voice, ‘Salvation belongs to our God who sits on the throne, and to the Lamb!’" (Revelation 7:9–10)6

This is the ultimate vision that no political movement can erase and no amount of persecution can prevent. God is sovereignly gathering a kingdom for His Son, a true Christian brotherhood made up of people from every community, caste, and tongue, all redeemed by the precious blood of the Lamb. This is the end toward which all of history is moving.

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A Call to the Reader

Dear reader, you have seen in these pages the clash of two opposing foundations, the betrayal of justice, and the suffering wrought by man-made ideologies that stand in rebellion against God. The ultimate question is not only Who forged India’s soul? The ultimate question is Who will forge your soul?

The idolatrous systems of men, with their promises of national glory and cultural purity, will rise and fall; they are destined for the dustbin of history. The only foundation that will endure into eternity is the Lord Jesus Christ Himself. Scripture declares this with absolute finality:

"For no one can lay a foundation other than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ." (1 Corinthians 3:11)7

The King of kings does not compel you by force; He calls you by grace. He, the perfect Son of God, took upon Himself the penalty for your rebellion against God, dying on the cross for your sins. He was buried, and on the third day, He rose from the dead, demonstrating His victory over sin and death and securing His rightful place as Lord over all nations. Today, He offers you full forgiveness, freedom from the bondage of sin, and an eternal place in His indestructible kingdom.

Will you continue to place your trust in human laws and political movements that enslave the conscience and lead only to destruction? Or will you repent of your sin and turn in faith to the Lord whose Word is absolute truth, whose justice is perfect, and whose Gospel alone can set you free?

The soul of India cannot be secured by coercion or violence. And neither can your own soul. It can only be forged by the grace and power of Christ, the true King, whose mercy triumphs over judgment.

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Contemporary Hindutva Activity In Nation Building See End Of The Book {#contemporary-hindutva-activity-in-nation-building-see-end-of-the-book}

Hindutva nationalism is a majoritarian ideology that threatens India's secular and democratic foundations. Dr. Ambedkar also said “If Hindu Raj does become a fact, it will, no doubt be the greatest calamity for this country. No matter what the Hindus say, Hinduism Is A Menace To Liberty, Equality and Fraternity. It is incompatible with democracy. Hindu Raj Must Be Prevented At Any Cost.” - Pakistan or Partition of India, p.358.

They point to several key issues:

• Discrimination and Violence: It is often accused of promoting an agenda that marginalizes and discriminates against religious minorities, particularly Muslims and Christians. Critics highlight a rise in communal violence, hate speech, and lynching incidents.

• Erosion of Secularism: Opponents believe it is eroding India's constitutional commitment to secularism by blurring the lines between religion and state, and by attempting to redefine Indian nationhood based on a narrow, religious identity.

• Attacks on Civil Liberties: Concerns have been raised about the suppression of dissent, and the targeting of journalists, activists, and academics who are critical of the government's policies and ideology. This is seen as an attempt to stifle free speech and intellectual discourse.

• Caste and Social Hierarchy: While some proponents claim it unifies Hindus, critics argue that Hindutva does not dismantle the caste system and in some cases, reinforces social hierarchies, leading to continued discrimination against Dalits and other marginalized communities.

Let start examining the contemporary Hindutva Nationalist Ideology with Violence against Dalits: Based on numerous reports and studies, violence against Dalits by Hindu nationalist groups and upper-caste individuals has been documented across India. These incidents are often rooted in a struggle over social hierarchy and public space, with clashes occurring over issues such as temple entry, the use of public resources, and disputes over the symbolism of Dalit icons like B.R. Ambedkar. Reports indicate that such violence includes physical assaults, destruction of property, and in some cases, targeted killings. The underlying tensions are often linked to a perceived threat to the traditional caste order as Dalits assert their rights and challenge historical discrimination.

Please find below some evidences of same from the news articles -

The National Human Rights Commission Report on the Prevention of Atrocities against Scheduled Castes says that, “every 18 minutes a crime is committed against a Dalit. Every day 3 Dalit women are raped, 2 Dalits are murdered, and 2 Dalits Houses are burnt in India, 11 Dalits are beaten. Every week: 13 Dalits are murdered, 5 Dalits home or possessions are burnt, 6 Dalits are kidnapped or abducted.” The Dalit community, historically referred to as "untouchables," faces deep-rooted caste-based discrimination and violence in India. Despite the formal abolition of untouchability by the Indian constitution, these practices continue to be prevalent, particularly in rural areas. The article highlights that while laws and affirmative action policies exist to protect Dalits, the enforcement of these measures is often insufficient, leading to ongoing social and economic challenges. For more context on caste violence in India, you can watch this video on impunity for caste violence. http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/dalits-untouchable-rohith-vemula-caste-discrimination/1/587100.html.

The incidents registered under the Scheduled Caste Prevention of Atrocities Act saw an increase from 5,082 incidents reported in 2016 to 5,775 in 2017. Incidents of crime related to Scheduled Tribes dipped from 844 in 2016 to 720 in 2017. BJP Ruled Uttar Pradesh has been reported to have the highest number of crimes against women in the country, according to the National Crime Records Bureau's (NCRB) Crime in India Report 2017. The report also indicates an increase in atrocities against Scheduled Castes and a decline in crimes against Scheduled Tribes. Additionally, the report notes a rise in cases of kidnapping and abduction.
https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/uttar-pradesh-tops-in-crimes-against-women-says-ncrb-report/article29760974.ece

Caste in the US: Dalits face discrimination in South Asian American institutions, says survey. A 2016 survey of 1,500 people of South Asian origin in the United States found that Dalits face various forms of caste discrimination, including derogatory jokes, physical violence, and sexual assault. The report, titled "Caste in the United States: A Survey of Caste Among South Asian Americans," revealed that this discrimination is embedded in major South Asian American institutions, affecting interpersonal relationships, workplaces, and places of worship. The survey, conducted by Equality Labs, also found a correlation between caste and economic status, with Dalits and Shudras having lower incomes despite higher rates of post-graduate education. https://scroll.in/article/872964/my-parents-changed-our-last-name-survey-lays-bare-caste-discrimination-among-south-asians-in-us

The Wikipedia page on caste-related violence in India discusses the social and hereditary system of caste and its link to violence. It details specific incidents of massacres and riots, providing a timeline of events across different states and decades. The article identifies the various castes that have been involved in these conflicts throughout India's history. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caste-related_violence_in_India

Dalits most vulnerable in AP than any other state in Southern India. According to the National Crime Records Bureau, Andhra Pradesh has the highest rate of violence against Dalits in Southern India and ranks fourth nationwide for total crimes against them. With over 84 lakh Dalits, the state also has the second-highest rate of violence against Scheduled Castes when considering population ratio. The report highlights a concerning trend of increasing spontaneous attacks and sexual harassment targeting Dalit women.
http://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/030916/dalits-most-vulnerable-in-andhra-pradesh-than-any-other-state-in-southern-india.html

Rape of Dalit women increases 500%: Based on a Right to Information (RTI) query, the number of reported rape cases against Dalit women in Gujarat has seen a significant increase, rising by 500% since 2001. The data reveals that 74 cases were registered in 2014, a substantial jump from the 14 cases reported in 2001. In total, 501 rape cases were filed between January 2001 and December 2014. http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/rape-of-dalit-women-registers-500-increase-since-2001-rti-reveals/

Dalit girl burned for getting education - Based on a search for the article's content, an India Today report from March 2015 states that a 17-year-old Dalit girl in Uttar Pradesh was set on fire by four men. The incident occurred because the accused were angry that she was pursuing her education and appearing for her intermediate examinations. The girl's family said the men, who had been blackmailing her, were angry because they had failed in school every year. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/indiahome/indianews/article-2981699/Dalit-girl-17-fighting-life-set-fire-four-men-getting-education.html For more information on a related incident, you can watch a video about a Dalit girl burnt alive.

18 Arrested For Inter Caste Violence: Following a fight between two youths, a communal clash broke out between residents of the Perumalpalayam and Navapalayam villages. The incident escalated, leading to property damage, including a motorcycle being destroyed and a house being set on fire. The police intervened and arrested a total of 18 people from both communities for their involvement in the conflict. http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/18-persons-arrested-for-communal-clash/article8122207.ece

Tension after Ambedkar’s statue vandalised in Haridwar - Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was vandalized in a village in the Haridwar district of Uttarakhand. The incident led to tension in the area, with police and local officials arriving to pacify protesters. Authorities noted that a dispute over the land where the statue was installed may have been a factor in the vandalism. http://www.hindustantimes.com/dehradun/tension-after-ambedkar-s-statue-vandalised-in-haridwar/story-aZPjnym8fvXeGN5wc1POWL.html. This video shows a report on the damage of an Ambedkar statue in Haridwar. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tlVX_iLO3gg

Thakurs vs Dalits in Saharanpur: One killed, 25 houses belonging to Dalits set ablaze - On May 5, 2017, clashes between the Thakur and Dalit communities erupted in Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, reportedly after Dalits objected to a procession by the Thakurs. The violence resulted in the death of a Thakur youth and led to the burning of 25 Dalit homes. The situation remained tense, with police reinforcements being deployed to the area. http://indianexpress.com/article/india/thakurs-vs-dalits-in-saharanpur-one-killed-25-houses-set-ablaze-4642800/. This video from YouTube contains a news report on the Saharanpur violence. One dead, 25 houses torched as Thakurs, Dalits clash in UP's Saharanpur

One more Dalit-Thakur clash this time in Meerut - Following an argument over the playing of a DJ at a wedding procession, members of the Dalit and Thakur communities clashed in the village of Kalindi in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. The Thakur group attacked the wedding procession with sticks, stones, and weapons, injuring several people and looting valuables. Following the incident, the police arrested two individuals and increased security in the area. http://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/metro/lucknow/crime/bheed-thakur-dalit-many-injured-in-meerut/articleshow/58617642.cms

Ground Zero Saharanpur: We were Hindus only till polling, Dalits complain - The 2017 violence in Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, was a series of clashes between the Dalit and Rajput communities. The conflict was triggered by a dispute over a procession honouring Maharana Pratap, which led to a violent confrontation in the village of Shabbirpur. The clashes resulted in the death of people from both communities and the burning of homes, sparking widespread protests led by the newly formed Bhim Army. http://www.catchnews.com/india-news/ground-zero-saharanpur-inside-the-new-theatre-of-dalit-rajput-violence-60809.html.

You can learn more about the events in this video: All you need to know about Saharanpur violence.

Dalit-Jat clash leaves one dead, dozens injured - A 2017 clash between Dalit and Jat communities in Haryana's Hisar district was sparked by a dispute at a cycle stunt competition. The violence resulted in injuries to nine Dalit youths after they were allegedly subjected to casteist remarks and assault. In the aftermath, approximately 40 Dalit families fled their homes out of fear, and a police case was registered against 15 individuals. For more information, you can watch this video: Karnataka: Dalit men and women dragged out of the house and beaten with rods. This video provides context on caste-based violence and discrimination against Dalits. http://www.deccanherald.com/content/618389/dalit-jat-clash-leaves-one.html

Dalit driver lynched by Brahmin over 10 rupees fare - A Dalit rickshaw driver in Ballia, Uttar Pradesh, was brutally beaten to death over a dispute involving just ₹10. The altercation began when the driver asked for his fare, leading to a violent attack by a group of men. The incident sparked outrage and highlighted ongoing caste-based violence and social injustice in the region.
http://m.up.punjabkesari.in/uttar-pradesh/news/dalit-rickshaw-driver-beaten-to-death-in-10-rupee-dispute-646182

Dalit family beaten up in Sultanpur, one dead - In Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, a Dalit family was violently attacked with sticks and rods, resulting in the death of one member. The assault reportedly stemmed from a local dispute, and no arrests had been made at the time of reporting. The incident raised serious concerns about caste-based violence and law enforcement in the region.
http://www.amarujala.com/lucknow/crime/a-dalit-family-get-beaten-in-sultanpur

2 Dead, Several Injured In Caste Clashes In Gujarat’s Saurashtra Region - Violent caste clashes erupted in Gujarat’s Saurashtra region between the Bharwad and Rajput communities. The conflict led to the death of two individuals and left several others seriously injured. Police were deployed to control the situation and prevent further escalation.
http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/2-dead-several-injured-in-caste-clashes-in-gujarats-saurashtra-region-1724565?fb

Dalit man murdered in Trichy for ‘breaking plastic tap’: Kathiresan, a 21-year-old Dalit auto driver from Trichy, Tamil Nadu, was brutally murdered by three caste Hindu men, allegedly over a broken plastic tap. The attackers also hurled casteist abuse, referencing his inter-caste marriage, and beat him to death in a field. This marked the 26th killing of a Dalit activist in a year, highlighting rising caste-based violence in the region. http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/dalit-man-murdered-trichy-breaking-plastic-tap-26th-dalit-activist-killed-year-65054

Dalit shot by upper caste Hindus just for being the first to pour water on Shivling - In Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, a Dalit man was shot dead following a dispute over access to water. The incident occurred in a village where tensions escalated quickly, prompting police deployment to prevent further unrest. The case highlighted ongoing caste-based discrimination and resource conflicts in rural areas.
http://www.amarujala.com/amp/uttar-pradesh/meerut/crime/dalit-shot-dead-on-water-dispute-police-force-deployed

One Dalit killed in caste clash at Cheyyar - A violent clash between Scheduled Caste and Vanniyar youth in Cheyyar, Tamil Nadu, escalated from a cricket-related dispute allegedly linked to a love affair. The attack led to the death of 33-year-old Venkatesan and injuries to several others. Police arrested nine individuals and deployed forces to control the situation.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/one-dies-in-group-clash-at-cheyyar/article19349058.ece

Dalit man beaten to death by Yadavs, another injured in Agra village - In Agra’s Jaupura village, two Dalit men were ambushed and brutally beaten by a group of Yadavs, resulting in the death of Nawab Singh and serious injuries to his nephew. The attack was linked to an old rivalry and Nawab’s role as a witness in a 2004 murder case involving caste violence. Police arrested three suspects and deployed forces to prevent further unrest.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/dalit-man-beaten-to-death-by-yadavs-another-injured-in-agra-village/articleshow/59796048.cms?

In Rajasthan, Houses Of Dalit MLA, Ex-Minister Set Ablaze - In Karauli district, Rajasthan, a mob allegedly comprising upper-caste individuals set fire to the homes of sitting BJP MLA Rajkumari Jatav and former Congress MLA Bharosilal Jatav, both from the Dalit community. The violence occurred during protests following a nationwide Dalit bandh. The incident underscored rising caste tensions and political unrest in the region.
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/rajasthan-mob-sets-ablaze-houses-of-dalit-mla-ex-mla-in-karauli-district-5122001/

After Alleging Rape by Pandits, Dalit Family Fears Stepping Out - In a village in Uttar Pradesh, a Dalit Valmiki family alleged that upper-caste Pandits attempted to rape their daughter and later burned down their home in March 2017. The family reported ongoing threats and intimidation, forcing them to live in fear and isolation. The incident highlights the persistent caste-based violence and lack of safety for Dalit communities in rural India.
https://www.thequint.com/videos/dalit-valmiki-family-rape-intimidation-from-pandits-uttar-pradesh-village

Dalits Attacked For Using Water, Touching Utensils etc.,

Dalit man set afire for fetching water from hand pump that was utilized by higher castes - In Madhya Pradesh’s Sagar district, a Dalit man named Samrat Ahirwar was allegedly set on fire by an upper-caste individual for fetching water from a government-installed hand pump. The accused, Ramsahay Richariya, first abused and assaulted Ahirwar, then later threw a burning kerosene lamp at him, causing serious burn injuries. The police registered a case under the SC/ST Prevention of Atrocities Act and launched a search for the absconding accused. http://www.hindustantimes.com/bhopal/dalit-man-set-afire-for-fetching-water-at-hand-pump-in-mp/story-uUEGOUJbPUaqPivKfDdmfK.html

Dalit woman attacked for using tubewell belonging to upper-caste Hindus - In Sanagaon village, Odisha, upper-caste individuals assaulted three Dalit women who attempted to fetch drinking water from a public tubewell. The attack was reportedly driven by caste-based discrimination and the belief that Dalits should not use shared water sources. The incident sparked outrage and highlighted ongoing social exclusion and violence against Dalits in rural India. http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/Dalits-attacked-for-using-tubewell/2016/06/18/article3487862.ece

Dalit man attacked for folding his Lungi on a caste Hindu street - In Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, a 22-year-old Dalit man named Muniandi was attacked by five caste-Hindu men for folding his lungi while walking through a caste-Hindu street during Dussera celebrations. The attackers took him to a secluded spot and beat him with PVC pipes, causing serious injuries. Police registered a case against the accused, who had also threatened other Dalits not to wear folded lungis as a mark of “respect”. http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/dalit-man-attacked-folding-his-lungi-caste-hindu-street-35513

Dalit Family Beaten Up For Touching Hands Of A Brahmin Man - In Kyuri village near Agra, a Dalit family was brutally beaten after a boy from the family accidentally touched the hand of a Brahmin shopkeeper while paying for sweets. The shopkeeper, enraged, assaulted the boy and later returned with others to attack the entire family, including a pregnant woman. The incident exposed deep-rooted caste discrimination and led to police intervention and public outrage. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/Dalit-family-beaten-up-for-accidentally-touching-hands-of-Brahmin-man/articleshow/51361746.cms

Dalits Not Allowed To Enter Temples

Upper caste villagers attacks BJP MP for visiting Uttarakhand temple with Dalits - BJP MP Tarun Vijay was attacked by a mob of upper-caste villagers in Uttarakhand’s Chakrata region for visiting the Silgur Devta temple with Dalit leaders, defying a centuries-old ban on Dalit entry. Stones were hurled at the group, injuring Vijay and others, and his car was thrown into a gorge. The incident sparked outrage and led to a government inquiry into caste-based discrimination at temples. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/bjp-mp-tarun-vijay-attacked-for-visiting-uttarakhand-temple-with-dalits/story-xgMf43341xFysW1Es1IRcN.html

90 Years Old Dalit Man Set Ablaze For Entering The Temple - In Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh, a 90-year-old Dalit man named Chimma was brutally attacked with an axe and set on fire by an upper-caste man, Sanjay Tiwari, for attempting to enter a temple. The incident occurred in front of several worshippers, and Tiwari, reportedly drunk, was arrested on the spot. The attack highlighted the persistence of caste-based violence and discrimination in temple access. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/dalit-man-attacked-set-on-fire-for-entering-temple-in-up/story-oZTmIGHAhck4jLi7lB4mMO.html

Temples Locked To Stop Dalits From Entering The Temple - In Tamil Nadu’s Salem district, a temple was locked, and prohibitory orders were imposed in 21 villages after caste Hindus allegedly barred Dalits (Adi Dravidars) from participating in a temple consecration ceremony. Tensions escalated between the dominant Vanniyar community and Dalits, prompting police and revenue officials to intervene. Authorities sealed the temple and deployed security to prevent further conflict. http://zeenews.india.com/news/tamil-nadu/temple-locked-following-dispute-over-entry-of-dalits-in-tamil-nadu_1555976.html

Dalits Attacked For Merely Riding A Mare In Wedding - Based on numerous news reports, Dalit grooms have faced brutal attacks and violence from dominant caste groups for merely exercising their right to ride a mare during their wedding procession, a practice traditionally reserved for upper castes.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

Dalits seek police protection for marriage procession - In Ratlam district, Madhya Pradesh, police officers wore pink turbans and escorted a Dalit groom on horseback during his wedding procession to uphold tradition and prevent caste-based violence. The groom had faced threats from upper-caste individuals who opposed his riding a horse. The symbolic gesture by the police helped ensure a peaceful celebration and sent a strong message against caste discrimination. http://www.news18.com/news/india/caste-slur-mp-cops-don-pink-turban-to-help-dalit-groom-ride-on-horseback-1323393.html

Haryana: Upper caste men beat up Dalit groom over ‘ghurchari’ - In Sanjarwas village, Haryana, a Dalit groom named Sanjay was pushed off his horse during the traditional ‘ghurchari’ ritual by a group of upper-caste Rajput men who opposed Dalits performing such customs. The groom and his family members were beaten, and several people from the bride’s side were hospitalized after trying to intervene. Police registered a case under the SC/ST Prevention of Atrocities Act and ensured the wedding ceremony was completed peacefully. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/upper-caste-men-beat-up-dalit-groom-over-riding-mare-in-baraat/story-IotmX3xk4WBaUg6YptaIYJ.html

Dalit groom attacked with beer bottles for riding mare in Rajasthan village of Udaipur - In Jhalo Ka Dhana village, Udaipur district, Rajasthan, a Dalit groom named Kailash Meghwal was attacked by upper-caste men for riding a mare during his wedding procession. The assailants beat him with beer bottles, dragged him along the road, and injured others in the procession. Police registered a case against four individuals and deployed security to protect the victim’s family. https://scroll.in/latest/835993/dalit-groom-attacked-with-beer-bottles-for-riding-mare-in-rajasthan-village

Dalit man hires band for wedding, ‘upper caste’ villagers take revenge by pouring kerosene in well - In a village in Madhya Pradesh, a Dalit man hired a music band for his daughter’s wedding, a move seen as defiance of caste norms. In retaliation, upper-caste villagers allegedly poured kerosene into the community’s drinking water well. The act was condemned as a form of caste-based harassment and intimidation. http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-dalit-man-hires-band-for-wedding-upper-caste-villagers-allegedly-pour-kerosene-in-well-2423205

Scuffle Over Use Of Chariot, DJ By Dalit Groom - In Sagga village of Taraori block, Karnal district, a scuffle broke out when upper-caste individuals objected to Dalit groom Somveer riding a chariot and using a DJ during his wedding procession. The confrontation escalated into stone-pelting, injuring several people including police officers. Authorities intervened, allowed the procession to continue, and deployed security to maintain peace. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/scuffle-over-use-of-chariot-dj-by-dalit-groom/articleshow/57471725.cms

Groom And His Family Beaten Up For Using DJ In Wedding  - In Noida, Uttar Pradesh, a Dalit groom’s family was violently attacked by a group of upper-caste individuals during a wedding procession. The conflict reportedly arose over the use of a DJ and other celebratory elements that were deemed inappropriate by the attackers. Several members of the groom’s side were injured, and police registered a case under relevant sections including the SC/ST Prevention of Atrocities Act. http://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/uttar-pradesh/noida/dalit-groomside-people-badly-beaten-up-by-group-of-people/articleshow/58281426.cms

Honor Killing Due To Inter Caste Marriage - Honor killings are a form of violent crime in which individuals are murdered by their family members or community to restore a perceived "honor" that has been lost. In India, a significant number of these killings are a consequence of inter-caste marriages, where a couple from different castes marries against the wishes of their families and community. These acts are often driven by deep-seated beliefs in the caste system and the notion that inter-caste unions bring dishonour, shame, or impurity to the family and caste. The violence, which can also be perpetrated by community members, serves to punish the couple for defying social norms and asserting personal choice over traditional caste boundaries.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

81 honour killings in 3 years - Between July 2013 and March 2016, Tamil Nadu witnessed 81 reported honour killings, primarily targeting inter-caste couples—especially when the groom was Dalit. Shockingly, not a single conviction was recorded during this period, with many cases being disguised as suicides or suspicious deaths. Activists have called for a dedicated law to address honour killings and ensure justice for victims.
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/madurai/81-honour-killings-in-3-years-0-conviction/articleshow/51420141.cms

Woman Bhavani’s marriage with Dalit leads to honour killing - In Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, a woman named Bhavani was murdered by her brother for marrying a Dalit man, Satishkumar, in what was described as an honour killing. The attack occurred in front of her children after family tensions escalated over her inter-caste marriage. Activists criticized the police for procedural lapses and highlighted the broader issue of caste-based honour killings in the region.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/womans-marriage-with-dalit-leads-to-honour-killing/article6149006.ece

Dalit who married upper-caste girl found dead - A Dalit youth named Ilavarasan from Tamil Nadu, whose marriage to an upper-caste girl had sparked caste violence, was found dead near railway tracks in Dharmapuri. His death occurred shortly after his wife publicly declared she would not return to him, raising suspicions of an honour killing.
http://www.rediff.com/news/report/tn-dalit-boy-found-dead-in-alleged-honour-killing/20130704.htm

Dalit woman Pooja killed and set ablaze by in-laws over caste differences in Pilibhit - A 22-year-old Dalit woman named Pooja was allegedly strangled and set ablaze by her in-laws in Pilibhit, Uttar Pradesh, due to caste differences. Her charred body was found in a field, and police suspect she was killed because her marriage to an upper-caste man was not accepted by his family.
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-dalit-woman-killed-and-set-ablaze-by-in-laws-over-caste-differences-in-pilibhit-1994892

Dalit man V Shankar hacked to death in full public view for marrying Thevar girl in Tirupur - In Udumalpet, Tamil Nadu, a Dalit man named Shankar was brutally hacked to death in broad daylight by hired attackers for marrying Kausalya, a woman from the upper-caste Thevar community. The murder, caught on camera, was allegedly orchestrated by Kausalya’s family, who opposed their inter-caste marriage.
http://www.firstpost.com/india/caste-violence-in-tamil-nadu-dalit-man-murdered-in-full-public-view-for-marrying-upper-caste-girl-2673280.html

Brothers Kills Girl Gomathi For Loving Dalit Man - In Tamil Nadu's Seevalaperi village, two brothers from a caste Hindu family murdered their sister for falling in love with a Dalit boy. The incident was treated as an honour killing, and both were arrested by police.
http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2013/sep/14/Brothers-kill-girl-for-loving-dalit-man-516487.html

Charred body of Telangana youth Naresh who married upper caste woman found, father-in-law arrested - In Telangana, a Dalit youth named Amboji Naresh was allegedly murdered by his upper-caste father-in-law, Srinivas Reddy, who opposed Naresh's marriage to his daughter Swathi. Naresh's charred body was found in a field, and Swathi had died by suicide days earlier, making the case a tragic example of caste-based violence.
http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/charred-body-telangana-youth-who-married-upper-caste-woman-found-father-law-arrested-62701

Honor Killing Due To Interfaith Marriages – Honor killings are a form of violent crime in which individuals are murdered by their family members or community to restore a perceived "honor" that has been lost. In India, a significant number of these killings are a consequence of interfaith marriages, where a couple from different religions marries against the wishes of their families and community. These acts are often driven by social and religious intolerance and the belief that such unions bring dishonours, shame, or impurity to the family and community. In some cases, the violence is fuelled by political narratives like "Love Jihad", which claim that Muslim men are engaged in a conspiracy to convert Hindu women through marriage, leading to extreme hostility towards interfaith couples.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

This mentality is not confined to a particular caste or class, whether they are rich or poor all of them has such mentality. Roshan family who brought a Muslim bride in their house has problem with their daughter loving a Muslim man.

Hindutva Page Lists Over 100 Inter-Faith Couples, Asks Hindus to Hunt Them Down - A pro-Hindutva Facebook page named Hindutva Vrata published a list of over 100 inter-faith couples—mostly Hindu women and Muslim men—and urged followers to “hunt down” the men, inciting communal hatred. Though Facebook eventually removed the page, it highlighted the platform’s struggle to curb hate speech and extremist content. https://thewire.in/221014/hindutva-vrata-facebook/

Hindu Sena threatens Ayesha Takiya, husband Farhan Azmi - A Mumbai-based man filed a police complaint after receiving a threatening call from a right-wing group, which allegedly said it would kill his family, including his father—a sitting MLA from Mankhurd Shivaji Nagar. The caller reportedly objected to the family's political stance and affiliations, prompting serious concerns over safety and political intimidation. http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-mumbai/right-wing-group-said-it-would-kill-my-family/article19368166.ece

Tripura official beheads Christian son in law Tapas Bin for refusing to convert to Hinduism - In Tripura, a government official was arrested for allegedly beheading his son-in-law, who belonged to a lower caste, in a suspected case of honour killing. The incident shocked the region and highlighted ongoing caste-based violence and intolerance.
https://in.news.yahoo.com/tripura-official-beheads-son-law-094502725.htmlhttp://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/tripura-official-arrested-for-beheading-son-in-law-113071300513_1.html

Muslim boy Adnan gunned down for marrying Hindu girl - In Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, a 22-year-old Muslim man named Adnan was shot dead in broad daylight, allegedly for marrying a Hindu girl. The incident occurred in Samajwadi Party chief Mulayam Singh Yadav’s hometown and was suspected to be a case of communal honour killing. http://www.rediff.com/news/report/etawah-muslim-boy-gunned-down-for-marrying-hindu-girl/20130224.htm

Muslim man Mohammed Hanif Shah murdered for marrying Hindu girl - In Mandsaur, Madhya Pradesh, a Muslim man named Mohammad Hanif Shah was shot dead near his home, allegedly for marrying a Hindu woman named Heena Shah (formerly Hema Bhatnagar). Police registered a murder case, and Heena suspected her father was behind the killing due to his disapproval of their interfaith marriage.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Muslim-man-murdered-for-marrying-Hindu/articleshow/2993021.cms

Bajrang Dal members assault minor for practicing ‘love jihad’ - In Meerut, members of the Bajrang Dal allegedly assaulted a minor boy for talking to a female friend, accusing him of “practicing love jihad.” Despite the attack, no FIR was filed as the boy declined to press charges, and police stated he was taken into custody only to protect him from the crowd.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/meerut/bajrang-dal-members-assault-minor-for-practicing-love-jihad/articleshow/59851906.cms?

Killing, Kidnapping Or Forcefully Converting Muslim Girls

Hindu extremists kidnap Muslims girls to convert them to Hinduism in Khushinagar U.P. Between 2014 and October 2016, 389 cases of underage girls missing or kidnapped were registered by Khushinagar police. In Kushinagar, Uttar Pradesh, several cases have emerged where young Muslim girls were allegedly abducted, forcibly converted to Hinduism, and married off, sparking concerns over what is being termed “reverse love jihad.” Families claim these acts were orchestrated by right-wing groups like Hindu Yuva Vahini, while victims often remain silent due to fear, stigma, and social pressure.
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-reverse-love-jihad-surfaces-in-up-2290453

Muslim girls are converted into Hinduism and then get married to Hindu boys. Pandit KK Shankhdhar converted 78 Muslim girls in last 10 years. Pandit Shankhdhar from Bareilly reportedly helped convert 78 Muslim girls to Hinduism and facilitated their marriages to Hindu partners. He now claims his life is in danger due to threats received following these conversions and marriages.
https://www.bhaskar.com/local/uttar-pradesh/bareilly/news/pandit-shankhdhar-made-78-muslim-girls-hindu-then-got-them-married-to-their-lovers-now-in-danger-of-life-131292725.html

Threatening To Rape Muslim Women, Instigating Hindu Youths To Do Bhagwa Love Trap

BJP MP Yogi Adityanath asks supporters to convert 100 Muslims for 1 Hindu girl and kill 100 Muslims for 1 Hindu, Based on reports about the incident, in a 2014 video, then-BJP MP Yogi Adityanath was seen stating that if one Hindu girl is converted, they will convert 100 Muslim girls in retaliation. The statement was part of a broader controversial speech on religious conversion. Adityanath later claimed that the video was a "cut-and-paste" job and the remarks were taken out of context.
http://www.sify.com/news/adityanath-asks-supporters-to-convert-100-muslims-for-1-hindu-girl-news-national-oi0xDpiebfeea.html

Hindu youths creates Bulli Bai and Sulli Bai apps where they put up photos of Muslims for sale/auction. Creators of these apps were granted bail by court on humanitarian grounds.
https://m.thewire.in/article/communalism/indian-muslim-woman-auction-bulli-bai

Marry Muslim women and convert them to Hinduism, VHP advice to Bengali Hindu men
https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/marry-muslim-women-and-convert-them-vhp-advice-to-bengali-hindu-men-1344133-2018-09-19

Mahant Bajrang Muni Udasin repeatedly calls for raping Muslim women and carrying out genocide of Muslims yet he is roaming free, in one incident he called for rape of Muslim women in the presence of police outside a mosque.
https://thewire.in/article/communalism/mahant-bajrang-muni-udasin-hate-speech

Vibhanand Giri is heard exhorting Hindu men to “rape and impregnate Muslim women if Muslim men cast even a glance at Hindu girls” at the December the Dharma Sansad in Raipur
https://thewire.in/article/communalism/sadhvi-vibhanands-call-to-rape-muslim-women-with-impunity-shows-hindutvas-politics-of-fear

‘Raziya Ram’: New Kannada TV Series Glorifies RSS, Promotes Islamophobia & Hindutva Fetishization Of Muslim Women - After the recent onslaught of anti-Hijab, anti-minority reportage in Kannada regional media, now Kannada entertainment channels have joined the league of media houses selling Islamophobia as a new form of show business. In a scandalous trailer promoting the new Kannada series titled ‘Raziya Ram’, the channel pushes forth the RSS’s favourite trope of a saviour Hindu man rescuing a ‘damsel-in-distress’ Muslim woman. https://thecognate.com/raziya-ram-new-kannada-tv-series-glorifies-rss-promotes-islamophobia-hindutva-fetishization-of-muslim-women/

Hindus have the right to rape and kill Muslim women - Hindu youth Vipul Singh from Delhi’s Najafgarh says “It is the right of our Hindus to rape and then kill Muslim women and girls. (Hamara hindu ka hakk hai ke ab muslamaan aurto ladkiyo ka rape kare or fir jaan se maar de),” read Vipuls’ comment on the social media platform.
https://www.siasat.com/right-of-hindus-to-rape-kill-muslim-women-says-hindutva-youth-2297212/

Hindutva YouTuber calls for genocide, sexual assault of Muslims - A Hindutva YouTuber has surfaced in a video inciting violence against Muslims to avenge the 1990 target killings of Kashmiri pandits. The man, whose face is covered, runs a YouTube channel to spread hatred and calls for the mass genocide and sexual assault of Muslims. He also directs Hindus to trouble Muslims discreetly to avoid legal consequences. https://www.siasat.com/hindutva-youtuber-calls-for-genocide-sexual-assault-of-muslims-2293594/. A video from The Quint discusses hate speech in Uttar Pradesh, a topic related to the promotion of violence against Muslims. ‘Clean India of Jihadis, Whoever Understands Quran is One’: Hindutva Hate Speech in UP

Muslims Should Stop ‘Love Jihad’ Or We Will Send Bajrang Dal Youths To Attract Muslim Girls, Says VHP Leader Gopal at Dharm Sansad event in Karnataka’s Udipi
https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/muslims-should-stop-love-jihad-or-we-will-send-bajrang-dal-youths-to-attract-mus/304857

Hindu Youths To Lure Muslim Girls - Swami Pranavanandaram, working president of Hindu Mahasabha Karnataka state unit tells Hindu youths to lure Muslim girls; calls CM as ‘Maulana alias Siddeeq Siddramaiah’ http://www.coastaldigest.com/news/59050-swamiji-tells-hindu-youths-to-lure-muslim-girls-calls-cm-as-maulana-alias-siddeeq-siddaramaiah

Calls For Mass Rape Of Muslim Women In Kashmir - Retired Indian general S.P. Sinha disgusts audience with calls for mass rape of Muslim women in Kashmir
https://www.rt.com/news/473702-indian-general-rape-kashmir/

Marry a Muslim girl, get a reward of 2.5 lakh: A video has surfaced on social media showing a spokesman for the BJP Yuva Morcha announcing a reward of 2.5 lakh rupees for any Hindu man who marries a Muslim girl. The organization also promised free food and accommodation for six months, as well as protection for the couple. This announcement has caused a sensation on social media, with the video going viral and drawing varied reactions from users. https://www.siasat.com/news/marry-muslim-girl-get-reward-2-5-lakh-bjp-yuva-morcha-1392494/

Madhya Pradesh right wing group’s Rs 11,000 reward for Hindu men eloping with Muslim women - A Hindu man who elopes with a Muslim woman in Madhya Pradesh and marries her will be rewarded with Rs 11,000, the Hindu Dharam Sena has announced. https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/madhya-pradesh-right-wing-group-hindu-dharam-sena-rs-11000-reward-for-hindu-men-eloping-with-muslim-women-2393934-2023-06-16 A right-wing group in Madhya Pradesh, Hindu Dharam Sena, has announced a reward of ₹11,000 for any Hindu man who elopes with a Muslim woman and marries her. The group's president said this is to counter "Love Jihad" and to "save our Hindu daughters but also get the Muslim daughters." You can learn more about this by watching this video on the Hindu Dharam Sena's controversial statement.

Non-Hindus (Including Dalits) Not Allowed To Celebrate Festivals, To Worship Or To Perform Prayers Or Rituals - In several reported instances across India, non-Hindus, including Dalits, have been prevented from participating in festivals, rituals, and worship. These restrictions often stem from deep-seated discrimination and social hierarchy.

Dalit Temple Entry and Rituals - Dalits, though a part of the Hindu faith, are frequently barred from entering temples or performing rituals due to caste-based untouchability. Reports from states like Tamil Nadu and Karnataka describe incidents where Dalits were physically attacked or prevented from entering temples, despite government laws and court rulings affirming their right to worship. This discrimination also extends to funeral rites, with reports of Dalits being denied access to public cremation grounds.

Hindrances to Minority Worship

For Muslims and Christians, restrictions on prayer and worship have also been documented. In some cities, Hindu groups have protested and disrupted Muslim Friday prayers in public spaces, even those sanctioned by authorities. Similarly, Christian communities have faced challenges, with new state laws and social pressure often used to monitor and restrict religious conversions, prayer meetings, and public gatherings, leading to a sense of vulnerability among believers.

Please find below some evidences of same from the news articles -

In this UP village, police won’t let Muslims sacrifice goats on Eid in Mushara village of Sant Kabir Nagar. Before every Bakr Eid, police confiscate Muslims\’ animals in Mushara
http://www.catchnews.com/india-news/police-won-t-let-a-up-village-sacrifice-goats-on-eid-to-appease-adityanath-s-men-1442669311.html

Amroha Muslims barred from own mosque, threatened with demolition, ‘war’
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bareilly/amroha-muslims-barred-from-own-mosque-threatened-with-demolition-war/articleshow/58874340.cms

Dalit Christians stopped from climbing hill for worship - In a Tamil Nadu village, police prevented hundreds of Dalit Christians from climbing a hill to perform a Good Friday service. The incident was part of a long-standing dispute over access to the hill between the Dalit Christian community and other villagers.

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/dalits-stopped-from-climbing-hill-for-worship/article18070208.ece You can watch this video about Dalits being denied temple entry in Tamil Nadu. Dalits Defy 'Ban' On Temple Entry In Tamil Nadu

Saffron Brigade Opposes Yakshagana On Christ’s Life - a group of right-wing activists opposed a Yakshagana performance about the life of Jesus Christ in Mangaluru. They alleged that the performance was an attempt at religious conversion and an insult to Tulu tradition. The performance, titled "Maha Chethana - Yesu Christa Mahathme," was written by Mulia Keshavaiah and had been performed over 100 times previously without controversy. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/saffron-brigade-opposes-yakshagana-on-christs-life/articleshow/58832808.cms

Hindu Organisation Calls For Bandh On Christmas - A tribal organization called the Kui Samaj Samanwaya Samiti (KSSS) has called for a bandh on Christmas day in the Kandhamal district of Odisha. The protest is in response to the government and administration allegedly not taking action against individuals who have used fake caste certificates. Odisha's Tribal Outfit Kandhamal Kui Samaj Samanwaya Samiti Thanks To CM Naveen This video is a news report about the same tribal organization mentioned in the article, Kui Samaj Samanwaya Samiti.
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/tribal-body-calls-for-bandh-in-kandhamal-on-christmas/article8015456.ece

Dalit houses burnt in UP Kadampur village for celebrating Holi festival by Hindu Yadav community. http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/dalit-houses-burnt-in-up-village-for-celebrating-holi/1/133059.html

Kerala Dalit activist goes on hunger strike - A Dalit activist named Thekkan Sunil kumar began a hunger strike in Kannur, Kerala, to protest what he claims is the intentional exclusion of Dalit households from a century-old temple procession. The activist alleges that the discrimination violates the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955. Can only Brahmins be Priests? This video is relevant as it provides additional context on caste-based issues in Kerala's temples. http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kerala-dalit-activist-goes-hunger-strike-alleging-discrimination-temple-ritual-56956

Worshipping in some TN temples still a mirage for Dalits - Dalits in Tamil Nadu continue to face significant barriers to worshipping in some temples due to a persistent, centuries-old practice of untouchability.

This ongoing discrimination has led to an increase in protests and agitations by Dalits who are demanding their constitutional rights to equality in temple worship. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Worshipping-in-some-TN-temples-still-a-mirage-for-dalits/articleshow/53838888.cms

Ban On 800 Years Old Festival because upper caste Hindus doesn’t want Dalits to participate in the festival. http://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/in-other-news/220816/caste-wars-governments-goddess-shuns-dalits.html

Opposed Offering Of Prayers By Members Of The Christian Community - Hindu organisations, under the banner of the Dev Sanskrit Raksha Manch, opposed offering of prayers by members of the Christian community in the local government school. http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/communal-tension-grips-rampur/406996.html

Odisha: Dalit students allegedly denied Ganesh puja rights, case registered. http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-odisha-dalit-students-allegedly-denied-ganesh-puja-rights-case-registered-2126777

Barred From Festival, Dalits in TN Return Voter ID, Aadhar Card - Dalit families in Tamil Nadu's Karur district, protesting being denied entry to a temple festival, returned their voter identity and Aadhar cards. They also threatened to convert to Islam in protest of the discrimination. https://www.thequint.com/india/2016/07/28/tamil-nadu-karur-barred-from-festival-dalits-families-return-voter-id-aadhar-card. The linked video is a short news report about a wall built in Karur to separate Dalits from caste Hindus, which sparked outrage**. Wall of Untouchability in Karur**

Dalit Denied Entry To The Cremation Ground in MP to perform the last rites for his wife http://www.firstpost.com/india/dalit-denied-entry-to-the-cremation-ground-in-mp-to-perform-rites-for-his-wife-2950212.html

Build Separate Crematoriums For Dalits: The Scheduled Castes Welfare Committee of the Gujarat Assembly recommended that the government build separate crematoriums for Dalits in villages where they face discrimination at existing facilities. The panel made the recommendation after noting the difficulties Dalits faced when performing last rites due to caste-based segregation. https://www.thequint.com/india/2017/03/21/assembly-panel-recommends-the-building-of-a-separate-dalit-crematorium.

You can learn more about how caste discrimination affects funeral rites by watching a video on the topic. Denied Road To Cremation Ground, Dalits Dangle Body Off Tamil Nadu Bridge

In Haridwar temple, caste dictates last rites of deceased - In Haridwar, caste-based discrimination was reported at a temple where the last rites of a deceased person were dictated by caste norms. The incident highlighted ongoing social divisions, as upper-caste priests allegedly refused to perform rituals for a Dalit family, sparking outrage and calls for reform in religious practices. http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/in-haridwar-temple-caste-dictates-last-rites-of-deceased/article17431688.ece

‘Old Custom’ Caste Divisions In Funeral Practices: In Bhiwani, Haryana, a retired soldier was cremated at a ground traditionally reserved for Dalits, sparking controversy due to caste-based customs. The incident highlighted ongoing caste divisions in funeral practices, despite the deceased's military service and social standing. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/old-custom-bhiwani-ex-soldier-cremated-at-ground-meant-for-dalits/story-9DJYphBmU5BUM9q0rPOO4I.html

Dalit Allegedly Stopped From Performing Last Rites - In Bhind district of Madhya Pradesh, a Dalit man named Lal Singh Balmiki was allegedly stopped from performing his father's last rites on land officially reserved for cremation. The accused had encroached on the cremation ground and hurled caste-based abuse, forcing Balmiki to conduct the rites on government land near his house. https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dalit-allegedly-stopped-from-performing-last-rites-on-land-reserved-for-crematorium-1792061

Upper Caste Villagers Deny Land For Funeral Of Soldier Vir Singh Slain In Pampore Attack: Report. http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2016/06/26/pampore-funeral-_n_10692890.html

A Section Of Dalit Families Banned From Taking Part In Annual Rituals - A section of Dalit families that has been taking part in the risky ritual of Sidi during the annual fair at Hariharapur in Holenarsipur taluk has refused to do so this year. The ritual involves men being tied to a wooden pole with the help of a hook inserted into their body and women walking with their mouths locked with iron hooks. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/dalit-families-refuse-to-take-part-in-sidi-ritual/article17532642.ece

B.R. Ambedkar’s Birth Anniversary Yatra Attacked By Upper Caste Jats - A ‘shobha yatra’, a celebratory procession taken out by the Dalit community to mark B.R. Ambedkar’s birth anniversary, was fired upon and attacked by Jats in the Gesupur Shumali village of Meerut on Saturday. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/dalit-procession-attacked-in-meerut/article18064308.ece

Dalits Humiliated - in Ahmedabad village for celebrating Ambedkar’s birth anniversary
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/dalits-humiliated-in-ahmedabad-village-for-celebrating-ambedkars-birth-anniversary/articleshow/58249729.cms

Dalit boy killed in inter-caste clash over temple ritual
http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/dalit-boy-killed-in-clash-117051201431_1.html

Church Prayer Stopped - In Uttar Pradesh, cops halt church prayer after Hindu group alleges conversion. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/in-gorakhpur-cops-halt-church-prayer-after-hindu-group-alleges-conversion/story-EBbeOl71ckLuIPyQzx3ksL.html

Mosque Reconstruction Stopped - BJP MLA halts reconstruction of a 200-year-old mosque in Simbhaoli constituency. http://www.india.com/news/india/uttar-pradesh-bjp-mla-halts-reconstruction-of-a-200-year-old-mosque-in-simbhaoli-constituency2009790-2009790/

Mosque Reconstruction Stopped - BJP MLA tries to stop reconstruction of historic mosque Ek Khana in Amberpet, Hyderabad. https://www.ndtv.com/hyderabad-news/t-raja-singh-bjp-legislator-accused-of-hitting-himself-on-head-blaming-hyderabad-cops-2056458

American evangelist Donna Schambach has been forced to cancel her event in Bengaluru after VHP leader Girish Bhardwaj lodged a complaint alleging that she had violated visa rules.
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/american-evangelist-donna-schambach-bengaluru-vhp-girish-bhardwaj-bajrang-dal-visa-rules/1/923594.html

Dalit Houses Torched For Taking Out Procession In Tamil Nadu Village - In Villupuram district of Tamil Nadu, violence erupted after Dalits were permitted to hold a temple procession through the village's main road—a right they had been denied for years. Following the procession, a mob allegedly from the dominant Vanniyar community torched Dalit homes, vehicles, and livestock, injuring around 40 people and prompting police to arrest 70 individuals under various charges including arson and caste-based atrocities.
http://www.firstpost.com/india/dalit-houses-torched-taking-procession-tamil-nadu-village-conflict-unfolded-2396828.html

VHP Demands To Ban Loudspeaker In Mosques - the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) urged Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis to ban loudspeakers in mosques, citing noise pollution and religious imbalance. The demand was part of a broader campaign by the group to assert Hindu identity and challenge perceived minority privileges. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/vhp-to-fadnavis-ban-loudspeakers-in-mosques/article6676656.ece

Hindu Jagran Manch warns Christian schools against celebrating Christmas
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/hindu-jagran-manch-warns-christian-schools-against-celebrating-christmas/articleshow/62097882.cms

Christmas Celebrations Disrupted In Rajasthan’s Pratapgarh Over Conversion Allegations
https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/christmas-celebrations-disrupted-in-rajasthans-pratapgarh-over-conversion-allegations-1790310

Panchmahals: FIR against 12 people for Trying To Stop Dalit Funeral procession
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/panchmahals-fir-against-12-people-for-trying-to-stop-dalit-funeral-procession-5051453/

Disruption Of Friday Namaaz In Gurgaon: Six people arrested - A video of the incident that has been circulating shows some men shouting “Jai Sri Ram” and “Radhe Radhe” and saying “Masjid kis liye banaya hai”. The video also shows the men telling those offering prayers to chant “Jai Sri Ram” (Bolo, Jai Sri Ram). http://indianexpress.com/article/india/disruption-of-friday-namaaz-in-gurgaon-six-people-arrested-5152491/

Hindu Outfits Protest, want Friday prayers at open spaces stopped
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/hindu-outfits-protest-want-friday-prayers-at-open-spaces-stopped/articleshow/63979046.cms

Gurgaon Outfits Demand: Allow namaz only in areas with over 50% Muslims
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/gurgaon-outfits-demand-allow-namaz-only-in-areas-with-over-50-muslims-5157790/

Friday Namaaz Disrupted - In Gurgaon, Hindutva groups claim to have stopped Friday Namaaz in several open spaces. Members of the Sanyukt Hindu Sangharsh Samiti say they prevented Muslims from holding prayers in ten locations. https://scroll.in/article/877901/in-gurgaon-hindutva-groups-stop-friday-namaaz-in-several-open-spaces

Muslims Thrashed for reciting Azaan at Karnal masjid and Mosque vandalized
https://article.wn.com/view/2018/06/01/Muslims_thrashed_for_reciting_Azaan_at_Karnal_masjid/
Puttur: Gang Obstructs Bakrid Guests – police arrest accused, file case. The police took into custody Rukma, Satish Karnappady, Sheshappa Fitter, Ganesh, Kunhi, Duggappa, and Purushotham. http://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=525074

Exodus Of Non Hindus (Dalits Included) Due To Oppression By Hindutva nationalism - An exodus of non-Hindus, including Dalits, has been reported in various parts of India, driven by incidents of violence, discrimination, and social pressure often linked to Hindutva nationalism.

These events, while not a uniform national movement, have occurred in specific localized instances.

Please find below some evidences of same from the news articles -

Ballabhgarh Communal Tension: Their houses set on fire, Muslims flee village
http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/ballabgarh-communal-tension-their-houses-set-on-fire-muslims-flee-village/

2,000 men armed with swords, axes began attack in Ballabhgarh: A communal clash took place in Atali village, Ballabhgarh, after a mob of approximately 2,000 men allegedly attacked Muslim residents over a long-standing land dispute regarding a mosque. The violence resulted in homes being set on fire, forcing many people to seek shelter at a nearby police station. http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/ballabhgarh-communal-tension-2000-men-unleashed-mayhem-fir/.

This video from search results provides a report on a separate incident of communal tension in Ballabhgarh. Protests Erupt Over Nikita's Murder, Ground Report From Ballabhgarh.

Violence in Sambhal, Muslim Exodus: Attacked, their homes destroyed, 9 Muslim families leave UP village. http://indianexpress.com/article/india/violence-in-sambhal-attacked-their-homes-destroyed-9-muslim-families-leave-up-village-4653447/ Muslim exodus: 33 more families flee Sambhal village http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bareilly/muslim-exodus-33-more-families-flee-sambhal-village/articleshow/58687116.cms

Muslim Families Flee Homes After Threats In Bapod, Vadodara - 57 Muslim families in Vadodara, Gujarat, fled their homes in VUDA quarters in Bapod after being threatened and having stones thrown at their houses. The incident was a result of communal tensions that arose after the murder of a local resident named Manhar Variya by Nazeem Khan Pathan. Following the murder, locals ransacked Pathan's house and reportedly threatened other Muslim families, leading to their exodus. An activist, Shaukat Indori, stated that the families left all their belongings behind and are now staying with friends and family. Police Commissioner Manoj Sashidhar confirmed that police security has been provided and some families have started to return. The article indicates that the murder stemmed from an argument over a donation for Tazia. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vadodara/57-muslim-families-flee-homes-after-threats/articleshow/60706631.cms?. For more on communal tensions in Vadodara, this video provides a report on another protest related to a Muslim woman being allotted a flat in a Hindu-majority neighborhood: Protest Erupts After Government Allots Flat To Muslim Woman Under Housing Scheme | Vadodara.

Sindhi Muslim Families Leave Gujarat Village Vadagam After Communal Violence
https://thewire.in/129132/gujarat-sindhi-muslim-vadagam/

Muslims of seven families flee U.P. village Upaida village in Hapur district
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/40-muslims-flee-up-village/article17763501.ece

Muslim Families Seek Shelter In Mosque Outside Jamshedpur After Mob Attack
http://caravandaily.com/portal/12-families-from-the-minority-seek-shelter-in-kapali-outside-jamshedpur-after-mob-attack/

Violence in Gujarat village was planned attack on Muslims – not the result of a scuffle, says report
https://scroll.in/article/833371/violence-in-gujarat-village-was-a-planned-attack-on-muslims-not-clashes-after-scuffle-says-report

Gujarat violence: How a mob destroyed everything Vadivali’s Muslims ever owned
http://www.catchnews.com/india-news/gujarat-violence-how-a-mob-destroyed-everything-vadivali-s-muslims-ever-owned-57577.html

After Fleeing Violence, Many Indian Muslims Refuse To Return Home -Four months later, an estimated 15,000 Muslims remain in sprawling makeshift tent cities in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, refusing to believe it is safe to return.
https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/04/world/asia/uttar-pradesh-religious-violence.html

Dalit families leave village after 5-year-old girl’s rape triggers protests in Talegaon
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/dalit-families-leave-village-after-5-year-old-girls-rape-triggers-protests-in-nashik-talegaon-3076177/

RSS, BJP Is Pressuring Dalits To Take Back The Police Complaint - All 14 Dalit families of the Rantej village in Gujarat leaves village fearing possible violence from upper caste Hindus, RSS, BJP is pressuring Dalits to take back the police complaint. timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/rajkot/facing-boycott-dalit-families-seek-relocation-in-patan/articleshow/57278277.cms

Yogi Adityanath’s Army: Hindu Yuva Vahini gets set for Hindutva agenda in Uttar Pradesh
Some of the slogans shouted at the rally were: Agar UP mein rehna hoga, Yogi Yogi kehna hoga; Yogi jee ke cheete hain, apne bal pe jeete hain; Mulla ka na qazi ka, ye desh hai veer Shivaji ka. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/here-comes-adityanath-s-army-hindu-yuva-vahini-gets-set-for-hindutva-agenda/story-BODyr5GWuIaZ8Jzz069euN.html

‘Discrimination’ forces 70 Dalit families out of their village in Bhagana village, Hisar district, Haryana http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/dalit-families-out-of-their-village-haryana-town/1/197231.html

After Bulandshahr Lynching, fear-struck Muslims are ready to leave the village
http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/after-bulandshahr-lynching-fear-struck-muslims-are-ready-to-leave-the-village/story-IWLCknZKOO0qzoCpxCXoKO.html

200 Muslims Flee Home: Rajasthan village Dantal of Jaisalmer tense after Hindu priest ‘kills’ singer; 200 Muslims flee home after threats from Hindus. http://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/111017/rajasthan-village-tense-after-hindu-priest-kills-singer-200-muslims-flee-home.html

Muslim Families Flees Village of Meerut district due to harassment by Hindu Extremists, puts up House For Sale banners outside houses
https://hindi.news18.com/news/uttar-pradesh/meerut-villagers-in-meerut-announced-exodus-after-terrifying-by-communal-tensions-1430396.html

Muslims Are Forced To Go To A Safer Place - Skin of banned animal found in Jaunpur’s Ashrafpur village; panic prevails among Muslims as Hindutva outfits attack houses, Muslims are forced to go to a safer place leaving the village.
https://www.siasat.com/news/skin-banned-animal-found-jaunpur-panic-prevails-among-muslims-hindutva-outfits-attack-houses-1379025/

70 Muslim Families Leave Up’s Khairam Village - Ahead Of Kanwar Yatra: 70 Muslim Families Leave UP’s Khairam Village of Bareilly district After Police Issue Red Card
https://www.news18.com/videos/india/ahead-of-kanwar-yatra-70-muslim-families-leave-up-village-after-police-issue-red-card-1841373.html

Only Muslim Family In Lisad Village Says It Will Vote For ‘Security’ - The village had over 2,500 Muslim population till August 2013 when the Muzaffarnagar riots forced them to flee their homes. https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/only-muslim-family-in-lisad-village-says-it-will-vote-for-security/article26760528.ece

Muslims leave Basai Dara Pur of Delhi and also faces social boycott of Muslims by Tyagi community after murder of their member by Muslims in a stray crime. https://indianexpress.com/article/delhi/mahapanchayat-called-to-press-for-justice-some-muslims-leave-locality-5732009/

Muslims leave Aligarh’s Tappal after murder of a toddler from majority community over financial dispute.
https://hindi.news18.com/news/uttar-pradesh/aligarh-aligarh-murder-case-heavy-police-force-deployment-in-area-after-people-take-out-protest-march-nodta-2086777.html

Muslim Families Flee - Bijnor Ground Report: Muslim families flee as UP Police vandalise homes, harass women after clashes over CAA
https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/bijnor-ground-report-muslim-families-flee-as-up-police-vandalise-homes-harass-women-after-clashes-over-caa-1631046-2019-12-24

Social & Economic Boycott - Evidence from sociological studies and news reports suggests that Hindutva Nationalism has been linked to incidents of social and economic boycotts against Dalits and Muslims in India. These actions are often rooted in a caste- and religion-based hierarchy, where nationalist sentiments are used to justify discrimination and exclusion from public spaces, markets, and social life. The boycotts manifest as a form of collective punishment, aiming to enforce social control and marginalize these communities. Please find below some evidences of same from the news articles -

Muslims of Rajasthan village boycotted after man elopes with Hindu woman
http://www.hindustantimes.com/jaipur/love-jihad-muslims-of-rajasthan-village-boycotted-after-man-elopes-with-hindu-woman/story-MOsm6qcSc692GXfiZPBbpI.html

Dalits allegedly subjected to unannounced social boycott by ‘caste’ Hindus at Gonugunta village, near Chimakurthy town in Prakasam district.http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/social-boycott-scst-panel-member-visits-village/article18381553.ece

Upper Caste Boycott Dalits - Dalits enter village temple for the first time, earn upper caste boycott http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/karnataka-dalits-enter-village-temple-for-the-first-time-earn-upp-er-caste-boycott/story-7915BzIhNvtdG5LNkpowXP.html

Dalits Social Boycott - For installing Ambedkar statue, Dalits face social boycott
http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2017-06-24/For-installing-Ambedkar-statue-Dalits-face-social-boycott-/308400

A Village-Wide Social Boycott - In a Corner of Andhra Pradesh, Dalits Are Facing A Village-Wide Social Boycott
https://thewire.in/156945/lost-livelihood-social-boycott-garagaparru-dalits/

Economic Boycott Of Muslims - Sri Rama Sene’s Pramod Muthalik calls for economic boycott of Muslims
http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/sri-rama-senes-pramod-muthalik-calls-economic-boycott-muslims-69657

Christians Allege Boycott - After many reconverted in ‘Ghar Wapsi’, Christians allege boycott
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/after-many-reconverted-in-ghar-wapasi-christians-allege-boycott-5106529/

Dalits In Haryana Allege Social Boycott, Threaten To Convert To Buddhism
https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dalits-from-haryanas-hisar-allege-social-boycott-threaten-to-convert-to-buddhism-1870736

In Puri, ‘Lower’ Castes Face Ostracism for Defying Customary Bondage System
https://thewire.in/caste/in-puri-lower-castes-face-ostracism-for-defying-customary-bondage-system

Ban Call On Muslim Vendors - Madhya Pradesh: After Republic Day clash, ban call on Muslim vendors in Rajgarh. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/madhya-pradeshs-rajgarh-after-republic-day-clash-ban-call-on-muslim-vendors-5560432/

Social Boycott Imposed Against Muslims in Balkonda village of Nizamabad District, Telangana over land dispute
https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/social-boycott-imposed-against-muslims-telangana-village-over-land-dispute-102706

Muslim Gujjar Families ‘Beaten And Boycotted’ - In Punjab Muslim Gujjar Families ‘Beaten and Boycotted’ in Hoshiarpur Villages by Hindus and Sikhs. It claimed that a gurdwara had asked the people to stay “keep any kind of weapon or baton” for self-defence. Coronavirus
https://thewire.in/rights/punjab-muslims-gujjar-families-beaten-and-boycotted-in-hoshiarpur-villages

Village Boycotts All 40 Dalit Families - Girl caught plucking flower, Upper Caste Hindus of a Odisha village boycotts all 40 Dalit families. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/girl-caught-plucking-flower-odisha-village-boycotts-all-40-dalit-families-6563480/

Blasphemy - While hypocrite Hindutva Nationalists beat their chests of being most tolerant and always finds opportunity to blame others of intolerance, there have been numerous incidents where people were killed or threatened for expressing their views on Hinduism. And many were threatened when they didn’t even say anything against Hindus or Hinduism.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

Mohsin Sadiq Shaikh killed by Hindutva extremists for allegedly making derogatory remarks against Hindu icon Shivaji on internet but it was later found that a Marathi Hindu had made a fake account in the name of Mohsin, http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-muslim-it-professional-killed-in-pune-7-members-of-hindu-rashtra-sena-held-1993351. Killers of Mohsin Sadiq Shaikh granted bail by Court because they were ‘Provoked in the name of religion’ http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/bombay-hc-grants-bail-to-three-men-accused-of-killing-muslim-4474730/

Dalit lawyer Devji Maheshwari killed by Hindutva extremists over anti Brahmin posts, main accused Bharat Raval a Brahmin arrested. https://indianexpress.com/article/india/dalit-lawyer-killed-over-anti-brahmin-posts-police-6617389/

Dr. Narendra Dabholkar killed by Virendra Tawde a member of Sanatan Sanstha for speaking against superstition and black magic in Hinduism
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-sanatan-sanstha-member-arrested-in-narendra-dabholkar-murder-case-2222249

Rationalist Govind Pansare killed by right wing Hindus
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/govind-pansare-murder-case-drugs-found-from-sanatan-sanstha-ashram-says-sit-special-investigation-team-3020995/

Gauri Lankesh murder case breakthrough: Hindu Yuva Sena man K.T Naveen Kumar held in Karnataka http://indianexpress.com/article/india/breakthrough-journalist-gauri-lankesh-murder-first-arrest-5084078/ Five linked to Sanatan Sanstha are key suspects in Gauri Lankesh’s murder
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/five-linked-to-sanatan-sanstha-key-suspects-in-gauri-lankeshs-murder-4876649/ Same gun used to kill Gauri Lankesh and MM Kalburgi: Forensic report https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/same-gun-used-to-kill-gauri-lankesh-and-mm-kalburgi-forensic-report/articleshow/64511078.cms Gun used to kill Gauri Lankesh is the same one that killed M M Kalburgi: forensics
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/gun-used-to-kill-gauri-lankesh-is-the-same-one-that-killed-m-m-kalburgi-forensics-4842625/

Gauri Lankesh murder case breakthrough: Hindu Yuva Sena man K.T Naveen Kumar held in Karnataka http://indianexpress.com/article/india/breakthrough-journalist-gauri-lankesh-murder-first-arrest-5084078/ ‘Impressed’ by role in Gauri Lankesh killing, accused was given second target: Bengaluru Police http://indianexpress.com/article/india/impressed-by-role-in-gauri-lankesh-killing-accused-was-given-second-target-police-5095675/

Girish Karnad along with 3 others were on hitlist of those who killed Gauri Lankesh
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/up-security-for-karnad-3-others-on-hitlist-sit/articleshow/64641589.cms

M.M. Kalburgi who wrote against Idol worship was shot dead - Malleshappa Madivalappa Kalburgi, a renowned Indian scholar and rationalist, was shot dead at his residence in Dharwad, Karnataka, on August 30, 2015. Known for his provocative writings and outspoken views on religion and superstition, Kalburgi had a history of receiving death threats from right-wing groups and some within the Lingayat community.

His murder is widely believed to be ideologically motivated, as it is linked to a series of similar killings of other rationalists and left-leaning activists, including Narendra Dabholkar, Govind Pansare, and Gauri Lankesh. Investigations have revealed a common thread in these murders, with a group of individuals linked to a radical right-wing organization being the prime suspects. While a property dispute was initially considered as a motive by the police, it was later ruled out. The case has faced significant legal delays, prompting the establishment of a special court to expedite the trials.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Malleshappa-M-Kalburgi-controversial-writer-and-scholar-shot-dead/articleshow/48729860.cmshttp://time.com/4016747/mm-kalburgi-india-murder-rationalist-idol-worship-hindu-nationalism/. You can learn more about the complexities of this case in this video: Kalburgi murder: Is the police's property dispute theory genuine or a red herring?

Bajrang Dal activist Bhuvith Shetty defends killing of MM Kalburgi, says Prof. Bhagawan is next target. http://www.coastaldigest.com/index.php/news/78794-bajrang-dal-activist-defends-killing-of-mm-kalburgi-says-prof-bhagawan-is-next-target
.

Prof. D.N. Jha received death threat for writing that cow slaughter is permissible in Hinduism on the basis of Hindu texts. http://www.thehindu.com/2001/08/14/stories/13140833.htm
http://www.theguardian.com/books/2002/jul/13/historybooks.highereducation

101 crore rupees (15 million USD) bounty on M.F. Hussain’s head for drawing Hindu gods.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Rs-101-cr-bounty-on-Husains-head/articleshow/1424968.cms. Another organisation offers 51 crore rupees http://www.rediff.com/news/2006/feb/23mf.htm

Hyderabad journalist Swathi Vadlamudi gets death threats for cartoon on Kathua rape from Hindus. https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/time-for-another-charlie-hebdo-hyd-journo-gets-death-threats-cartoon-kathua-rape-79663

Kerala artist Durga Malathi’s house attacked for drawing Kathua victim’s picture
https://www.hindustantimes.com/kerala/kerala-artist-s-house-attacked-for-drawing-kathua-victim-s-picture/story-jHmuV59pbNItEE06D263RI.html

INR ₹1 Lakh Bounty On The Head Of Prashant Bhushan - Bajrang Dal functionary in Firozabad announced a Rs ₹1 lakh bounty on the head of Prashant Bhushan. http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/04/04/prashant-bhushan-apologises-after-criticism-over-lord-krishna-re_a_22024993/ . BJP files police complaint against Prashant Bhushan for ‘insulting’ Lord Krishna. http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/bjp-files-police-complaint-against-prashant-bhushan-for-insulting-lord-krishna/story-M4irS5BFEqfi4LGlPWYbfK.html

Subodh Kerkar, Indian Artist, Receives Death Threats For Depicting Ganesh Naked
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/08/20/subodh-kerkar-indian-arti_n_264566.html

Hindu terrorists hurling bombs at media house airing a debate over women wearing Mangalsutar.
http://www.firstpost.com/india/mangalsutra-row-hindu-outfit-hurls-crude-bombs-at-chennai-tv-channel-2149335.htmlhttp://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/puthiya-thalaimurai-channel-attackers-nabbed/article6986369.ece

Here’s Why This Dalit Writer Is Receiving Death Threats For Her Book On Maharana Pratap - Kusum Meghwal, a 69-year-old Dalit writer from Rajasthan, is facing death threats for her book, 'Maharana Pratap Bhil Rajputra The – Kshatriya Ya Rajput Nahi'. In her work, she challenges the traditional view that Maharana Pratap was a Rajput, asserting instead that he belonged to the adivasi Bhil community. Meghwal has filed a police complaint against individuals, allegedly from Rajput and Thakur groups, including the Karni Sena, who oppose her claims. She states that her claims are based on historical evidence and not intended to demean Maharana Pratap. A police official confirmed that security was provided to her based on the threat perception. The State President of the Karni Sena confirmed the group's opposition to her book and implied that they would escalate their "action" if words were not sufficient. He further made a threatening statement by referencing past instances where women involved in "immoral activities" had their noses cut off.
https://www.scoopwhoop.com/heres-why-this-dalit-writer-is-receiving-death-threats-for-her-book-on/#.6tqyqqq5z

T.V Anchor gets 2,000 threat calls from RSS, BJP for discussion on Mahishasur Jayanti and repeating words of Smriti Irani. http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/malayalam-tv-news-anchor-reads-what-smriti-irani-read-gets-2000-threat-calls-5-arrested/

Hindu group threatens to burn Arshad Warsi alive for ‘controversial’ dialogue in upcoming film. https://www.scoopwhoop.com/Arshad-Warsi-Recieves-Threats-For-His-Dialogue-In-His-Upcoming-Film/

Muslim Youth Beaten To Death By Police over WhatsApp message about beef - the death of 22-year-old Minhaz Ansari in October 2016. He was arrested by Jharkhand police for a WhatsApp message related to beef and died in police custody. His family and other reports allege he was tortured to death, but police denied the allegations while admitting to lapses by the officer in charge, who was suspended. A murder FIR was registered against the officer. The incident generated significant social media attention and comparisons were drawn to another case where a murder accused's family was compensated and visited by a Union Minister. http://www.jantakareporter.com/social-media-buzz/jharkhand-police-tortures-muslim-youth-death-twitter-users-ask-modis-culture-minister-will-visit/68147/

RSS Leader Kundan Chandrawat Boasts of Killing 2,000 Muslims in Gujarat, Wants Kerala CM Beheaded - The tension arose from a long-standing dispute over land for a mosque, which a court had ruled in favor of the Muslim community. On May 25, a mob of an estimated 2,000 men attacked the village, setting fire to Muslim homes and shops. As a result, approximately 150 Muslims were displaced and sought shelter at the local police station. The article also mentioned that an FIR was filed in connection with the incident.
https://thewire.in/113357/rss-behead-kerala-cm-gujarat-killed-2000-ranawat/

A Human Rights Activist Threatened from Jorhat, Assam, has been threatened on social media with death, rape and acid attacks – allegedly by members of the Bajrang Dal – for condemning the arrest of three people in the town for possessing beef.
https://thewire.in/122670/bondita-acharya-beef-bajrang-dal/

Padmavati row: Karni Sena threatens to cut off Deepika Padukone’s nose, Rajput community in Meerut has also announced a bounty of Rs 5 crore on Sanjay Leela Bhansali
http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/padmavati-row-threat-to-maim-deepika-padukone-rs-5-crore-bounty-on-bhansali-s-head/story-nnZwqL0Ul2edyO8pD15ngM.html
BJP MLA threatens to burn theatres in Telangana if Padmavati is screened
http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Telangana/2017-11-07/BJP-MLA-threatens-to-burn-theatres-in-Telangana-if-Padmavati-is-screened/338028. “Padmaavat” Row: Petrol Bomb Thrown Inside Muzaffarnagar Theatre Chandra Talkies https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/padmaavat-row-petrol-bomb-thrown-inside-muzaffarnagar-theatre-1805637. Anti-Padmaavat protest: Kerosene blast outside Bhanu Sagar theatre in Kalyan, no casualties
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/anti-padmaavat-protest-kerosene-blast-outside-theatre-in-kalyan-no-casualties-/articleshow/62676471.cms. Padmaavat: Petrol bomb hurled outside Prakash theatre in Belgaum, Karnataka
https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/padmaavat-petrol-bomb-hurled-outside-karnataka-theatre/1239195

Anti-Terrorist Front India Chief Announces Rs 21 Lakh Prize For Farooq Abdullah’s Tongue For Speaking Against RSS. https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/anti-terrorist-front-india-chief-announces-rs-21-lakh-prize-for-farooq-abdullahs/304658

Bollywood actress Urvashi Rautela gets death threats over dialogue on Mahabharata’s Draupadi in trailer. http://www.ibtimes.co.in/hate-story-4-urvashi-rautela-gets-death-threats-over-dialogue-mahabharatas-draupadi-trailer-762631

World Organisations And Law Makers Condemning Religious Violence In India - Numerous international organizations and lawmakers have expressed concern over and condemned religious violence in India.

International Organizations

• United Nations: UN human rights experts have voiced alarm over reports of violence against minorities, hate crimes, and incitement to violence, and have called for corrective action. The UN Human Rights Committee has also urged India to review and amend laws like the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act and the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, which are seen as being used against human rights defenders and civil society.

• Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch: These human rights organizations regularly publish reports documenting acts of religious violence. They have highlighted issues such as the use of punitive demolitions of properties belonging to religious minorities, a rise in hate speech by officials, and a crackdown on activists and journalists.

• U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF): The USCIRF has classified India as a "Country of Particular Concern," citing systematic and ongoing violations of religious freedom.

Lawmakers

• U.S. Congress: Multiple U.S. Senators and Representatives have sent letters to Indian leadership and introduced resolutions in Congress expressing "grave concerns" about increasing violence and intolerance against religious minorities, particularly Muslims and Christians.

• United Kingdom: The UK government has stated it is closely monitoring religious freedom in India as part of a new foreign policy strategy. The UK's Special Envoy for Freedom of Religion or Belief has also publicly condemned violence based on religion and belief, and UK Parliament members have raised concerns about the Citizenship (Amendment) Act and the violence that followed.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

CIA names VHP, Bajrang Dal as ‘religious militant organisations’ in World Factbook
https://indianexpress.com/article/india/cia-names-vhp-bajrang-dal-as-religious-militant-organisations-in-world-factbook-5218249/

Human Rights Abuses Against Minorities On Rise In India: Indian-American group
http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/human-rights-abuses-against-minorities-on-rise-in-india-indian-american-group/story-pYVmC22dDJfQ4Ro1ousclK.html  

Religious tolerance deteriorated in India in 2016, cow vigilantes harassed minorities: US report
https://scroll.in/latest/847389/religious-tolerance-deteriorated-in-india-in-2016-says-us-report

Armed Forces veterans write open letter to PM Modi: Condemn targeting of Muslims, Dalits
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/armed-forces-veterans-write-open-letter-to-pm-narendra-modi-condemn-targeting-of-muslims-dalits-4774201/

UN human rights chief says he is disturbed by discrimination against Dalits, Muslims in India
https://scroll.in/latest/871219/un-human-rights-chief-says-he-is-disturbed-by-discrimination-against-dalits-muslims-in-india

US Govt Report Says Religious Freedom in India on a ‘Downward Trend’, Names RSS and VHP - Based on a report by the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF), religious freedom conditions in India have been deteriorating. The report highlights that vigilante groups have been involved in killing, assaulting, and lynching members of minority communities, while religious leaders have been arbitrarily arrested. Additionally, homes and places of worship have been demolished.

The report also criticized several laws, including the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), state-level anti-conversion laws, and cow slaughter laws, stating that they are used to target and disenfranchise religious minorities.

In response, the Indian government has rejected the report, labeling it as a biased organization with a political agenda https://www.news18.com/news/india/us-govt-report-says-religious-freedom-in-india-on-a-downward-trend-names-rss-and-vhp-1732079.html

Communal Riots/Violence - Reports from human rights organizations, academic research, and news media indicate that Hindutva nationalists have been linked to numerous incidents of communal riots and violence in India. This violence is often targeted at religious minorities, particularly Muslims, and is rooted in a political ideology that seeks to establish a Hindu majoritarian state.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

61,974 Cases Of Riots, Group Clashes In 2016: NCRB - article from the Times of India, a total of 61,974 cases of riots and group clashes were registered across India in 2016. This figure represented a 5% decrease compared to the previous year.

The report, sourced from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), also highlighted:

• States with the highest number of cases: Bihar led with 11,617 cases, followed by Uttar Pradesh (8,018) and Maharashtra (7,898).

• Sedition cases: A total of 35 sedition cases were registered, with Haryana having the highest number (12).

• Custodial deaths: The data recorded 60 incidents of death or disappearance in police custody, with Maharashtra accounting for 12 of these cases.

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/61974-cases-of-riots-group-clashes-in-2016-ncrb/articleshow/61867825.cms.

111 Killed In 822 Communal Incidents In 2017: There were 822 communal incidents in India, which led to 111 deaths and 2,384 injuries. The data was provided by the Union Minister of State for Home, Hansraj Ahir, in the Lok Sabha.

Uttar Pradesh had the highest number of incidents with 195 cases, resulting in 44 deaths and 542 injuries. The article also provides a comparison to the previous two years, stating that there were 703 incidents in 2016 (86 deaths) and 751 in 2015 (97 deaths).
https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/111-killed-in-822-communal-incidents-in-2017-govt/article22670770.ece

723 communal riots in 2017, 1092 victims as NCRB - According to the government data cited in a The Hindu article, there were 822 communal incidents, which resulted in 111 deaths and 2,384 injuries.

The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) report, as covered by India Today, recorded 723 communal riots with 1,092 victims.
https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/ncrb-crime-in-india-2017-report-rioting-cases-data-1611821-2019-10-22

Mahatma Gandhi assassinated by Hindu terrorist Nathuram Godse who is still praised by many radical Hindus, and they want to build temple on his name. Nathuram Godse justified violence citing Gita. “Godse had made a study of Bhagavadgita and knew most of its verses by heart. He liked to quote them to justify acts of violence in pursuing a righteous aim” (Khosla 1963: 218) www.mkgandhi.org/ebks/the-murder-of-the-mahatma.pdf

Hyderabad Police action force/Operation Polo that resulted in death of 25,000-40,000 Muslims as per government’s official Sunderlal report http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-24159594and around 2,00,000 Muslims were killed according to unofficial report, http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1805/18051130.htm [Of a massacre untold, by A.G. Noorani]

Jammu Massacre - To quote a 10 August 1948 report published in The Times, London: “2,37,000 Muslims were systematically exterminated. https://scroll.in/article/811468/the-killing-fields-of-jammu-when-it-was-muslims-who-were-eliminated

Nellie (Assam) 1989 Massarce, around 2191 Muslims died. 1946 Bihar Massacre that left 2,000-30,000 Muslims dead. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946_Bihar_riots

1984 Anti Sikh riots that resulted in the death of 30,000 Sikhs by Hindus
http://www.mha.nic.in/hindi/sites/upload_files/mhahindi/files/pdf/Nanavati-I_eng.pdf

Babri Maszid Demolition - Hindu extremists lead by BJP/Sangh leaders demolish 500 years old Babri mosque, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demolition_of_the_Babri_Masjid. Babri mosque’s last Imam’s two sons Mohammed Shabir and Mohammed Nazeer were killed by Hindu extremists (Kar Sevaks) during Babri Mosque demolition.
https://theprint.in/features/last-imam-babri-masjid-ayodhya-place-without-war/308316/. In 27 years, there have been hardly any convictions in the riots that ensued after the Babri demolition, while 100 people have been convicted, mostly Muslims, for the 1993 bomb blasts in Mumbai, wites Zainab Sikander quoting The Hindu newspaper. https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/babri-case-advani-joshi-bharti-charged-with-criminal-conspiracy/article18661463.ece

Thousands of Kashmiri Muslims killed - During the Partition of India in October-November 1947, a large-scale massacre and forced displacement of Muslims occurred in the Jammu region of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.

Key points:

• The violence was reportedly carried out by extremist Hindus and Sikhs, with the backing of the forces of Maharaja Hari Singh, the Dogra ruler of the state.

• Estimates of the death toll vary widely, ranging from 20,000 to over 200,000.

• The events are seen by some historians as a "state-sponsored ethnic cleansing" aimed at altering the demographic composition of the region.

• The massacre resulted in a significant number of Muslims being killed or forced to flee to West Punjab (now Pakistan), which contributed to the escalating conflict over Kashmir. http://www.kmsnews.org/news/2012/12/04/genocide-of-muslims-jammu-1947.html

3,642 Kashmiri Muslim Civilians Were Killed By Security Personals As Per Official Record - According to the Times of India article, state government data refutes the claim that 100,000 people were killed in the Kashmir insurgency. The article reports that between January 1990 and April 2011, a total of 43,460 people were killed. The deaths were broken down as follows:

• 21,323 militants

• 13,226 civilians killed by militants

• 3,642 civilians killed by security forces

• 5,369 policemen killed by militants

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/State-data-refutes-claim-of-1-lakh-killed-in-Kashmir/articleshow/8918214.cms

1993 Bombay riots 575 Muslims killed - The Indian government accused Thackeray and his supporters for playing a major role in the 1992 Mumbai riots, which killed more than 900 people. According to the BBC he called on suicide squads to carry out attacks against Muslims in 2002. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2012/11/19/who-is-bal-thackeray-and-why-did-mumbai-come-to-a-standstill-this-weekend/

1999 Unprecedented attacks against churches and Christians in several parts of the country reveal the violent new game plan of Hindutva’s fringe foot soldiers of extremist Hindu groups, mainly the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) and the Bajrang Dal, rampaged through Dangs, burning half a dozen churches, vehicles and two mission schools and battling Christians.
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/unprecedented-attacks-against-churches-and-christians-in-several-parts-of-india-reveal-violent-new-game-plan-of-hindutvas-fringe/1/252790.html

2002 Gujarat Riots, as per official report 790 Muslims were killed in Gujarat riot and 2,000 as per unofficial records, in addition to that around 150 Muslims were killed in Gujarat’s Narodia Patya and Gulberg Society massacre, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4536199.stm
Court grants bail to convicts in Gujarat riot Babu Bajrangi and Maya Kodnani
http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/2002-gujarat-riots-convict-babu-bajrangi-granted-bail-for-sixth-time-784612.

2002 Godhra Riots: There were 20 Muslim families in the Paliyad village, one by one they all left http://indianexpress.com/article/india/2002-godhra-riots-there-were-20-muslim-families-in-the-village-one-by-one-they-all-left-4543950/

2008 Anti-Christian Riots, ‘Convert or we will kill you, Hindu mob tells fleeing Christians’
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/oct/19/orissa-violence-india-christianity-hinduism
http://www.dawn.com/news/825933/60-dead-in-anti-christian-riots-indian-bishops

Bajrang Dal, ABVP clash with Christians during Easter in Manipur - The Times of India, published on March 27, 2016, reports a clash between activists from Bajrang Dal, ABVP, and Hindu Yuva Vahini and a group of Christians celebrating Easter in Mainpuri, Uttar Pradesh.

The activists suspected that religious conversions were taking place under the guise of the Easter celebrations. According to police, the clash injured around 20 people, mostly VHP workers, and they denied that any conversions were occurring. The police stated that cases would be registered against the VHP and Bajrang Dal activists for inciting communal violence.
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/Bajrang-Dal-ABVP-clash-with-Christians-during-Easter-in-Mainpuri/articleshow/51575612.cms

VIDEO And PHOTO EVIDENCE Of Disrupting Flag Hoisting Ceremony Of Muslims: Hindu rioters belonging to ABVP, VHP takes out bike rallies in UP’s Kasganj without police permission, disrupts flag hoisting ceremony of Muslims, raises objective slogans which led to firing between two groups and Muslim man Naushad was shot in the leg and Hindu man died. Hindus torches shops and properties belonging to Muslims. Hindu fanatics can be seen taking out saffron flag and raising objective flag. Ground Report by ABP News, Video of Hindu fanatics shouting “Bharat mein rehna hoga to Vande Mataram Kehna Hoga [If you want to live in India, you must say Vande Mataram] http://abpnews.abplive.in/videos/kasganj-violence-one-killed-one-injured-779140

UN Rights Chief Highlights Concern Over CAA, Anti-Muslim Violence - Based on information available from multiple sources, including articles from The Wire, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCR) has expressed concern over India's Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) and its human rights implications in the context of the situation in Kashmir.

The key points from the articles are:

• The UNHCR has called the CAA "fundamentally discriminatory," citing concerns that it provides an accelerated path to citizenship for persecuted non-Muslim minorities from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh while excluding Muslims.

• The UNHCR's office has stated that while the goal of protecting persecuted groups is welcome, it should be done through a non-discriminatory asylum system.

• The articles also link the CAA to a wider context of human rights issues in India, including the situation in Kashmir, where the UN has previously reported on human rights violations and called for an international inquiry.

• Critics, including human rights organizations like Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, have expressed concern that the CAA, when combined with a proposed National Register of Citizens (NRC), could render many Muslims stateless. https://thewire.in/rights/caa-kashmir-violence-unhcr

BJYM Rally Sparks Communal Clashes in Ujjain. Hindu mob takes out rally armed with weapons, shouting inflammatory slogans against Muslims in Begumbagh neighbourhood. Police arrested Muslims and charged them with National Security Act, the local resident alleged that not a single Hindu from the rally was arrested. Social Worker Mohammad Ayub alleged, as per the Indian Express report: “Based on the video of stone pelting, the officials had come to demolish the house where a woman was seen pelting stones. They realised that it belonged to a Hindu family, so they instead demolished the one standing adjacent to it.”
https://www.thequint.com/news/india/bjym-rally-sparks-communal-clashes-in-ujjain-what-we-know-so-far. https://thewire.in/communalism/madhya-pradesh-communal-clashes-break-out-indore-ujjan-dhar-several-injured

Clashes break out in Indore village as rally by Hindu outfits chants slogans outside mosque. Hindu mob vandalized the mosque and installed saffron flags. Saddam Patel’s houses burnt down by Hindu mob. https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/india/mp-mosques-vandalised-houses-burnt-after-rss-calls-for-jan-jagran-rally-to-fetch-funds-for-ram-temple

Hindus Starting Riots On Trivial Issues - Based on reports from various sources, including human rights organizations and news outlets, the argument that Hindutva ideologists are starting riots on trivial issues in India is based on the following points:

• Minor Incidents as Triggers: Multiple reports indicate that communal violence is often sparked by seemingly minor events. Examples include a dispute over a religious procession's route, a rumour about cow slaughter, or an inter-faith relationship. Critics argue that these "trivial" issues serve as pretexts for deeper, politically motivated conflicts.

• Organized Processions and Provocation: Reports from groups like Human Rights Watch suggest that during Hindu festivals such as Ram Navami, processions led by Hindu nationalist groups sometimes pass through Muslim-majority neighborhoods. These processions have been reported to feature participants brandishing weapons and chanting provocative slogans, which can escalate into violence.

• Political Mobilization: According to several analyses, including those from The Guardian and academic papers, these incidents are often linked to a strategy by some right-wing organizations and political parties to polarize communities, consolidate a Hindu vote bank, and maintain power. It is argued that inflammatory rhetoric from political leaders and allied media outlets contributes to a climate of tension that can easily erupt into violence.

• Allegations of State and Police Bias: Human rights organizations and some journalists have raised concerns about the response of law enforcement and government authorities to communal clashes. These critiques allege that police sometimes fail to act impartially to prevent violence and, in some cases, disproportionately arrest and punish members of minority communities.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

Hindu extremists start riots just because Muslim barber refused to shut his shop on Tuesday because Hindus don’t cut their hairs on Tuesday - http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/riot-breaks-out-after-muslim-barber-refuses-to-shut-shop-on-tuesday/story-TdTFCBmvWPDpOaM1ZczHsO.html

Bajrang Dal Goons Detained After Communal Clash In Surat - Communal clashes broke out in Surat on Monday morning after a severed head of a cow was found near Maharana Pratap Chawk in Godadara area. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/bajrang-dal-activists-detained-after-communal-clash-in-surat/articleshow/56871726.cms?

Hindu terrorists in Dhulagarh (Howrah) attacks Muslim during festival Eid Milad un Nabi (birthday of Prophet Muhammad) with bombs and starts riot
https://scroll.in/article/825479/why-did-a-bengal-town-with-no-real-history-of-communal-violence-suddenly-erupt. http://indianexpress.com/article/india/howrah-25-held-after-communal-clash-kolkata-4430988/

‘Beef’ Thrown In Temple In Jalangi: Bengal govt worried as communal clashes spread
http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/beef-thrown-in-temple-bengal-govt-worried-as-communal-clashes-spread-to-kolkata/story-yIsnXKOm1R6NHJ4SYQ6myN.html

Hindu man dies of heart attack after consuming alcohol, Hindu mobs burns shops belonging to Muslims in Tajnagri, Agra. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/man-dies-of-heart-attack-right-wing-tries-to-communalise-death/articleshow/57150518.cms
http://www.kohraam.com/breaking/man-dies-of-heart-attack-right-wing-tries-to-communalise-death-91368.html

Violence By Hindutva Extremists - Based on various reports and analyses, violence attributed to Hindutva extremists in India is a recurring issue, often characterized by the following:

• Triggers for Violence: Riots and clashes are frequently sparked by seemingly minor incidents, such as disputes over religious procession routes, rumors on social media, or inter-faith relationships. These events are often described as pretexts for more widespread conflict.

• Organized and Politically Motivated: Human rights organizations and news reports suggest that some of these incidents are not spontaneous but are part of a broader political strategy. For instance, processions during Hindu festivals like Ram Navami have been reported to feature participants brandishing weapons and chanting provocative slogans in Muslim-majority areas, which can lead to confrontation.

• Specific Incidents: Notable instances of such violence include the 2020 Delhi riots, where Hindu mobs were reported to have attacked Muslims, and numerous clashes during recent Ram Navami celebrations in various states, including Bihar and West Bengal.

• Accusations of Impunity: Critiques from human rights groups and commentators often allege that there is a climate of impunity for perpetrators. They point to instances where law enforcement is accused of being slow to act or of disproportionately targeting minority communities in the aftermath of violence, including through arrests and demolitions of property.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

Christian Persecution By Hindus Rises In India, Says Humanitarian Group - “As Christianity has seemingly been under attack in places like Iraq, Syria, and Africa for over a decade from extremist groups like ISIS and Al Shabaab, the first six weeks of 2016 have seen a fresh outbreak of anti-Christian violence in India with nearly 30 incidents of religiously motivated violence against Christians reported in just over two months. While it follows a global trend, it’s Hindu nationalists leading efforts of persecution and attacks.”
http://www.foxnews.com/world/2016/03/14/christian-persecution-by-hindus-rises-in-india-say-humanitarian-groups.html

2015 Worst Year For Christians Since Independence - A report by the Catholic Secular Forum (CSF) found that 2015 was the "worst year" for Christians in India since independence. According to the report, there were at least 365 major attacks on Christians and their institutions, more than a three-fold increase from the previous year. The study, conducted with a retired high court judge, also noted that eight Christians were killed and at least 8,000 were attacked or harassed by extremists, with women and children making up a significant portion of the victims.

The report specifically attributed the rise in attacks to Hindutva groups and noted a "very marked rise" in attacks on minorities following the formation of BJP-led governments at both the national and state levels. The states with the highest number of reported attacks were Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. The CSF also highlighted that a majority of the incidents went unreported, as victims were often afraid to come forward or were pressured by police and politicians to compromise with the attackers. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/2015-the-worst-year-for-christians-since-independence-study/story-WmObF2tsphJPVq2mqBDesK.html

Bajrang Dal Hindu Fanatic Murders Two Hindus Mistaking Them To Be Muslims - In the murder case of Harish Poojary in Bantwal, a Bajrang Dal leader named Bhuvith Shetty was one of two people arrested. The Inspector General of Police (IGP) stated that the murder was a case of mistaken identity, and the perpetrators' intent was to attack members of the minority community to create communal tension. The police revealed that the attack was a reaction to clashes that had taken place during Tipu Jayanti celebrations. The police department planned to invoke the Goonda Act against Shetty, who already had a history of criminal cases.
http://www.coastaldigest.com/index.php/news/81366-bajrang-dal-rowdy-bhuvith-shetty-among-two-held-for-murder-of-harish-poojary  

Bajrang Dal goons beats up Muslims for not chanting Jai Shri Ram in Chikkadpally, Hyderabad
http://www.kohraam.com/state-news/muslim-youth-beaten-up-for-not-slapping-jai-shriram-communal-tensions-in-areas-97295.html
http://www.ibtimes.co.in/road-rage-turns-into-communal-violence-hyderabad-14-injured-723377

Women, Children beaten up by priests and villages for entering Trimbakeshwar Temple
http://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/210416/women-beaten-at-trimbakeshwar-temple.html
http://www.asianage.com/india/maharashtra-temple-women-and-children-beaten-875

Hindutva thugs thrash Muslim youths, force them to abuse Allah, chant ‘Jai Shri Ram’!
http://www.india.com/stream/gujarat-hindutva-thugs-thrash-muslim-youths-force-them-to-abuse-allah-chant-jai-shri-ram-graphic-video-1376996/

A CLASH broke out allegedly between Hindus and Muslims on Sunday night, after Muslims refused to donate for the Ram Navami celebrations in Dashbaga, Howrah. Three persons — identified as Debashish Pramanik, Surojit Roy and Jadav Pramanik — have been arrested
http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/kolkata-two-groups-clash-in-howrah-over-ram-navami-donations-three-held-4578046/

Pamphlets in Bareilly mosques ask Muslims not to use loudspeakers while praying
pamphlet was found in two city mosque on Friday asking Muslim residents to either stop using loudspeakers while offering namaz or they will not allow residents to pray there. The letter is undersigned by ‘all Hindus’.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bareilly/pamphlets-in-bareilly-mosques-ask-muslims-not-to-use-loudspeakers-while-praying/articleshow/57817956.cms

Three RSS Workers Arrested In Kasaragod Madrassa Teacher Murder Case - A court in Kasaragod acquitted three Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) activists in the 2017 murder case of a madrassa teacher, Mohammed Riyas Moulavi. The court's decision in March 2024 came after the prosecution failed to prove the motive of the murder or the accused's affiliation with the RSS.

The original case involved the arrest of three individuals, who were accused of killing the 34-year-old teacher in his room at a mosque in March 2017. The police charge sheet had initially stated the murder was an attempt to create communal unrest. The accused had spent seven years in jail without bail. Following the acquittal, the prosecution stated its disappointment with the verdict and its intention to file an appeal.

http://en.southlive.in/southly/2017/03/24/kasaragod-madrassa-teacher-murder-case-three-rss-workers-arrested-motive-will-be-revealed-soon
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/kerala-kasaragod-madrasa-teacher-killed-prohibitory-orders-in-place-4579870/

In Wajidpur, a small village about half an hour from Chhapra, Mohammad Shamsher, 22, was stabbed by a group of Hindu boys on the day of Holi, March 13. Shamsher died on the way to hospital.
https://scroll.in/article/838619/fear-and-loathing-in-chhapra-how-a-peaceful-bihar-town-became-a-communal-tinderbox

Scared of being lynched Muslim man travels in burqa on train; caught. He alleged that the person accused him of “purposely” hitting him and called him filthy names, attacking his religion, in full public view. On the contrary, some other people also joined in and targeted me for being a Muslim.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/scared-of-bring-lynched-muslim-man-travels-in-burqa-on-train-caught/articleshow/59446851.cms?from=mdr

Violent clashes in Nagaur; 1 killed, 25 injured - At least one person was killed and 25 others, including the Nagaur SP was injured, in clashes between police and members of the Rajput community demanding a CBI probe in gangster Anandpal Singh’s death in Sanvrad village of Nagaur. http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/violent-nagaur/136220/

BJP MLA grabs masjid land illegally in Varanasi, ten injured in ensuing clash
http://twocircles.net/2017jul16/413074.html
http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/six-injured-in-clash-over-land-dispute-in-uttar-pradesh-s-varanasi/story-FuXcXz3dExtA8kGlkI5b3N.html

Bajrang Dal Leaders Arrested For Terror Funding - Madhya Pradesh ATS Arrests Five From Satna for Terror Funding to Pakistan. According to information, those arrested include Sunil Singh, Shubham Tiwari, Bhagvendra Singh besides Balram Singh and one other local man.
https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/bajrang-dal-leader-held-for-terror-funding-madhya-pradesh-bjp-under-fire/477071

Bajrang Dal men allegedly chopped off the fingers of a Muslim woman Roshanbiwi Syed and breaks hands of his son Farzan Syed who died later in a hospital in Chhatral town of Gandhinagar district in Gujarat for disobeying the Hindu right wing group’s diktat to remain indoors. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/womans-fingers-chopped-off-sons-hands-broken-in-chhatral/articleshow/63177294.cms

Many injured as armed Hindutva goons enter AMU campus hours after Subramanian Swamy’s tweet ‘Somebody needs to teach AMU a lesson. Who will do it?’
http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/armed-hindutva-goons-amu-campus-swamy/183612/

Muslims Must Convert To Hinduism if they want to stay in India otherwise they will be kicked out to Pakistan, says Hindu scholar Swami Mahamandleshwar Prabhodanand Giri Maharaj of Hindu Raksha Sena https://hindi.news18.com/news/uttar-pradesh/muzaffarnagar-prabodhand-giri-of-hindu-raksha-sena-controversial-statement-in-shamli-1224463.html

Only those Muslims will stay in India who assimilate into Hindu culture, India will become ‘Hindu Rashtra’ by 2024: BJP MLA Surendra Singh. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/only-those-muslims-will-stay-in-india-who-assimilate-into-hindu-culture-bjp-mla/articleshow/62497346.cms

32 years old Faizal (Aneesh Kumar) hacked to death in Malappuram for converting to Islam by Faizal’s  brother-in-law Vinodh, local leaders of the RSS Haridasan, Shaji and Suni, and four RSS workers, Sajeesh, Pradeep, Jayaprakash and Lijeesh.
http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/eight-including-brother-law-arrested-murder-faizal-recent-convert-islam-53507

Three Attacks On Christian events in the state has stoked fears among the members of the community, raising apprehensions about how safe Christmas will be. Hindu group were accusing the Christian community of carrying out religious conversation
http://www.hindustantimes.com/jaipur/3-attacks-on-christian-community-in-past-month-stokes-fears-ahead-of-christmas/story-vmXKB1JRuBcwXGuzEbyL8N.html

Hindus Forcefully/Deceitfully Converting Non Hindus - "Ghar Wapsi" Campaigns: The primary form of conversion activity by Hindutva groups is known as "Ghar Wapsi" or "homecoming." These campaigns are framed as "re-conversion" ceremonies to bring back individuals and communities, particularly Dalits and Adivasis (tribals), to Hinduism from other religions like Christianity and Islam. Hindutva groups argue that the ancestors of these communities were originally Hindu and were forcefully or fraudulently converted by foreign missionaries.

Allegations of Force and Deceit: The search results indicate that these "conversions" are often not seen as voluntary. Critics and human rights groups allege that they are carried out through various means of coercion, including:

• Intimidation and Violence: Reports from organizations like the United Christian Forum and news outlets mention that Hindutva groups use threats and physical attacks to intimidate non-Hindus into converting.

• Allurement and Inducement: There are claims that people from economically disadvantaged backgrounds are lured with promises of monetary benefits, education, or healthcare to convert.

• Misinformation and Propaganda: A political ideology that advocates for a Hindu-majority state, Hindutva often uses propaganda to demonize other religions and create a narrative of a "Hindu nation" threatened by non-Hindu groups.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

The News Article "Tortured For 22 Days: Hindu woman married to Christian accuses Kerala yoga centre of harassment" from The News Minute details the story of Swetha, who was allegedly confined and tortured at the Siva Sakthi Yoga Centre in Kerala after marrying a Christian man. She claims the centre’s staff attempted to force her to renounce her husband or convince him to convert to Hinduism. Swetha was released after her husband filed a habeas corpus petition. She subsequently filed a police complaint, leading to a case being registered against the centre’s staff for wrongful confinement and other charges. The article also notes that another woman who was at the center refuted Swetha's allegations.http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/tortured-22-days-hindu-woman-married-christian-accuses-kerala-yoga-centre-harassment-69019

Shamli Dalit convert to Islam beaten, shaved by right-wing activists, Forced to convert to Hinduism. A Dalit man in Shamli who had converted to Islam was allegedly forced to undergo a "Ghar Wapsi" (reconversion to Hinduism) by Bajrang Dal activists. A video reportedly went viral showing the man being slapped, and his Muslim cap being knocked off. The Bajrang Dal official claimed the man, identified as Pawan, had promised to remain a Hindu for life. https://www.huffingtonpost.in/2018/04/26/shamli-bajrang-dal-activist-force-ghar-wapsi-on-dalit-man-who-had-converted-to-islam_a_23420600/?utm_hp_ref=in-homepage

Ghar Wapsi, Ban On Worship Of Non-Hindu Gods: The ‘Adivasi Life’ - The article from The Quint discusses the arrest of Adivasi activist and professor Jeetrai Hansda in Jharkhand. He was arrested for a 2017 Facebook post where he stated that beef-eating is part of Santhal and other tribal cultures and that they should not be forced to follow Hindu customs.

The author argues that Hansda's arrest is part of a larger trend of forcing tribals to assimilate into Hindu culture. The article highlights how tribals who assert their own identity and rights, such as during the "Pattalgarhi movement," have faced government crackdowns. It also mentions the co-opting of tribal figures like Birsa Munda into the Hindu fold and the promotion of "Ghar Wapsi" (re-conversion) programs by right-wing groups.

The author concludes that Hansda's arrest, coming after a recent election, suggests that tribals may have to conform to Hindu norms to be accepted in the "new India."

https://www.thequint.com/voices/opinion/jharkhand-adivasi-professor-jeetrai-hansda-arrest-beef-comment-plight-of-tribals

Hindus Enforcing Their Beliefs On Others - Hindutva activists have been reported to enforce their beliefs on others in India:

• Forced Conversions: Hindu nationalist organizations such as the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP) and Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) have conducted "Ghar Wapsi" (reconversion) programs to convert people back to Hinduism from Islam, Christianity, and other religions. News articles cite multiple instances of this in states like Uttar Pradesh, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala.

• Vigilante Violence: Groups like the Bajrang Dal have been accused of engaging in vigilante actions and violence. Incidents include harassing and assaulting interfaith couples, attacking individuals for alleged cow slaughter, and disrupting social events. Reports from sources like The Diplomat and The Times of India detail attacks on Christians and Muslims, including the vandalism of churches and physical assault on individuals.

• Moral Policing: Bajrang Dal activists have been reported to act as "social police" by harassing unmarried couples, particularly around Valentine's Day. They are also accused of harassing women for their choice of clothing, which they deem as being against Indian culture.

• Targeting Minorities: News reports from The Guardian and The Diplomat describe a pattern of Hindutva-affiliated groups targeting religious minorities, particularly Muslims and Christians. This has included violent attacks, hate speech, and accusations of "love jihad" (a term used by some to allege a conspiracy to convert Hindu women to Islam through marriage).

These incidents are often viewed by critics as attempts to marginalize non-Hindu communities and assert a Hindu-supremacist ideology.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

BJP MP calls for compulsory teaching of ‘Bhagavad Gita’ in schools, moves bill
http://zeenews.india.com/india/bjp-mp-calls-for-compulsory-teaching-of-bhagavad-gita-in-schools-moves-bill_1985362.html

Mumbai’s municipal schools to teach ‘Bhagavad Gita’ to students http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/delhi-elections-2015/party-stand/education/Mumbais-municipal-schools-to-teach-Bhagavad-Gita-to-students/articleshow/46617380.cms

Haryana: Gita, religious lessons to be taught in schools
http://indianexpress.com/article/education/haryana-gita-religious-lessons-to-be-taught-in-schools-2881950/

Soon, Ramayana, Mahabharat, Gita to be taught in schools, colleges
http://www.rediff.com/news/report/soon-ramayana-mahabharat-gita-to-be-taught-in-schools-colleges/20150910.htm

Bhagwad Gita ‘Non-Religious’, Can Be Distributed in Colleges: BJP Minister
https://thewire.in/education/bhagwad-gita-non-religious-can-be-distributed-in-colleges-bjp-minister

JNU set to promote study of Rigveda and Upanishads
https://www.hindustantimes.com/education/jnu-set-to-promote-study-of-rigveda-and-upanishads/story-6CG10XBxilUOd6EJgqFg8L.html

At Rajasthan University, Gita and Vedas replace banking, finance
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/jaipur/at-rajasthan-university-gita-and-vedas-replace-banking-finance/articleshow/57612161.cms

Muslim student beaten up for refusing to recite Sanskrit Shlokas
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-muslim-child-punished-for-refusing-to-sing-sanskrit-sholkas-in-bengaluru-2111206

Bhopal school locked Muslim students for refusing to make Shivlings
https://www.thequint.com/amp/story/india%2F2017%2F08%2F01%2Fbhopal-school-asks-students-to-make-shivlings-muslims-protest

http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-muslim-child-punished-for-refusing-to-sing-sanskrit-sholkas-in-bengaluru-2111206

Sanskrit to be made compulsory from Class 1-12 in BJP-ruled Madhya Pradesh: Report
http://zeenews.india.com/madhya-pradesh/sanskrit-to-be-made-compulsory-from-class-1-12-in-bjp-ruled-madhya-pradesh-reports-1991322.html

Sanskrit to be made compulsory in govt schools: Himachal CM Virbhadra Singh
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-sanskrit-to-be-made-compulsory-in-govt-schools-himachal-cm-virbhadra-singh-2115471

Make Sanskrit compulsory in schools, says Rajnath Singh
http://www.hindustantimes.com/lucknow/make-sanskrit-compulsory-in-schools-says-rajnath-singh/story-Gd6T6ss1F9xKnDA2o38FkJ.html

Shiv Sainiks Shut Down Over 500 Meat Shops in Gurgaon for Navratri
http://www.news18.com/news/india/shiv-sainiks-shut-down-over-500-meat-shops-in-gurgaon-for-navratri-1524655.html

Yoga to Be Made Compulsory in Government Schools in UP
https://www.thequint.com/news/india/yoga-compulsory-in-up-government-schools

Gau Rakshaks Cow Vigilantism - "Gau Rakshaks" or "cow vigilantes" are groups of Hindu nationalists in India who take on the role of protecting cows, which are considered sacred in Hinduism. This phenomenon has gained significant attention due to the rise in mob-based violence and harassment, particularly since 2014.

Here are some key points about cow vigilantism in India:

• Violence and Targeting of Minorities: Cow vigilante groups have been involved in numerous violent attacks, often targeting Muslims and Dalits, who are traditionally involved in the cattle trade, dairy farming, or the leather industry. These attacks have included public beatings, lynchings, and humiliation of individuals suspected of cattle smuggling or slaughter, sometimes even if they are legally transporting animals.

• Controversial Incidents: There have been multiple high-profile cases of violence, including the lynching of Pehlu Khan, a dairy farmer, and the public flogging of Dalit youths in Gujarat.

• Rise of Organized Groups: Groups like the Bhartiya Gau Raksha Dal have established networks, sometimes using social media to track and target individuals. They have also been accused of working in coordination with local police in some areas.

• Legal Framework: While cattle slaughter is banned in most Indian states, the vigilante groups operate outside the law. Critics argue that laws related to cow protection and the lack of a strong government response have tacitly emboldened these groups, creating a climate of impunity.

• Government and Judicial Response: The Indian government has publicly condemned mob violence, but critics, including human rights organizations, argue that a lack of accountability and slow police action have allowed the violence to continue. The Supreme Court of India has issued directives to state governments to prevent mob violence and prosecute offenders, but compliance has been inconsistent.

• Historical Context: Cow protection movements have existed in India since the late 19th century. However, the recent surge in vigilantism is noted for its unprecedented frequency and level of violence.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

86% Dead in Cow-Related Violence Since 2010 Are Muslims. 97% of cow-related violence were reported after PM Modi came to power in 2014, according to India Spend analysis.
https://www.thequint.com/news/2017/06/28/cow-related-violence-vigilantism-beef-ban

Almost One Cow-Related Attack Every Week In 2017 –

Frequency of Attacks: According to a database maintained by IndiaSpend, 2017 saw an increase in cow-related violence, with 24 incidents recorded in the first seven months of the year, already surpassing the total for 2016.

Victims: A majority of the victims of these attacks were Muslims. Data from IndiaSpend and Reuters indicates that between 2010 and mid-2017, a total of 28 people were killed, with 24 of them being Muslim.

Perpetrators: The attacks were carried out by so-called "cow protection" or "cow vigilante" groups, some of whom were reportedly affiliated with Hindu nationalist organizations.

Government Response: The issue gained national attention, leading to a public statement from Prime Minister Narendra Modi condemning violence in the name of cow protection. The Supreme Court of India also weighed in, urging state governments to take action against vigilantism. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/almost-one-cow-related-attack-every-week-in-2017-thus-far/story-ZtdQuV7GBGFBJ7yUcWga5O.html

14 Years In Jail If You Kill Cow, 2 Years If You Kill People: Judge In BMW Case - A Delhi judge sentenced Utsav Bhasin to two years in prison for a 2008 hit-and-run case where Bhasin's BMW fatally struck one person and injured another. In his verdict, the judge highlighted a disparity in Indian law, noting that the punishment for causing death by negligent driving is only two years, while killing a cow could result in a much longer prison sentence of five to fourteen years in some states. The judge also directed a copy of his judgment to be sent to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, urging for an increase in the punishment for such offenses under the Indian Penal Code. The court also ordered Bhasin to pay compensation to the victim's family and the injured survivor. http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/14-years-in-jail-if-you-kill-cow-2-years-if-you-kill-people-judge-in-bmw-hit-and-run-case/story-eMqMLutd7oIGUln5pPiM5K.html

Uttarakhand to issue ID cards to gaurakshaks, call them ‘cow guardians’
https://www.hindustantimes.com/dehradun/uttarakhand-to-issue-id-cards-to-gaurakshaks-call-them-cow-guardians/story-AUEIKIWv8HmC7ilVmoh3gI.html

Abdul Ghaffar Qureshi, 60, who ran a meat shop in Birloka village in Nagaur district, was beaten brutally by a mob with sticks and iron rods on May 30, 2015. He died the following day. http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/accused-in-lynching-of-man-in-rajasthan-still-remain-free/article7830070.ece
https://www.scoopwhoop.com/news/dadri-before-dadri-one-remote-village-witnessed-a-lynching-and-no-one-took-notice/

Right-wing Hindu mob in Udhampur district of Jammu and Kashmir allegedly threw gasoline bombs at a truck driven by Zahid Bhat, an 18-year-old trucker, because they suspected him – wrongly – of transporting beef. He died of his injuries at a hospital 10 days later.
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/protests-in-j-k-after-truckers-death-separatists-call-for-strike/

RSS and Gau Raksha Hindu terrorists kills Muslim couple in Mewat Haryana, rapes two girls of the family and beats up the rest to teach them a lesson about cow slaughter. Rapists asked if I eat beef says rape victim
http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/they-asked-do-you-eat-beef-says-gangraped-haryana-woman-1457258
Rajasthan Minister Justifies Death Of Muslim Man Beaten By Gau Rakshaks In Alwar Saying Both Side Were At Fault
http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/04/05/rajasthan-minister-justifies-death-of-muslim-man-beaten-by-gau-r_a_22026541/

Three Muslim Youths Lynched - Nasirul Haque, Mohammad Samiruddin Mohammed Nasir lynched in Dinajpur district West Bengal over suspicion of cow theft
http://www.timesnow.tv/india/article/three-muslim-youth-lynched-in-west-bengal-over-suspicion-of-cow-theft/64249

Muslim Man Beaten To Death - Jharkhand Muslim man Alimuddin Ansari alias Asgar Ansari Beaten To Death For Allegedly Carrying Beef, Hours After PM Modi Condemns Lynchings
http://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/jharkhand-man-beaten-to-death-for-allegedly-carrying-beef-hours-after-pm-modi-co/299466

Hapur lynching: Victim’s brother says mob swelled after calls from temple loudspeaker
http://www.catchnews.com/india-news/hapur-lynching-victim-s-brother-says-mob-swelled-after-calls-from-temple-loudspeaker-119865.html

Bulandshahr Violence: Bajrang Dal, BJP and VHP Members Booked for Cop’s Murder, Accused No.1 Complained of Cow Slaughter
https://www.news18.com/news/india/bulandshahr-violence-bajrang-dal-leader-who-complained-of-cow-slaughter-arrested-for-cops-murder-bjp-and-vhp-men-other-accused-1959599.html

Bihar mob lynching: Video shows 55-year-old man pleading as mob kills him over allegations of cow theft https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/bihar-mob-lynching-video-shows-55-year-old-man-pleading-as-mob-kills-him-over-allegations-of-cow-theft-watch/341551

Shimla Village Tense After Cow Slaughter - A mob of nearly 4,000 people from local villages tried to torch two mosques and a madrassa and vandalised shops owned by Muslims. ’
http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/shimla-village-tense-after-cow-slaughter/

Hindu Extremists Beats Up Two Muslim Women for carrying beef which was later found to be meat of buffalo
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/muslim-women-beaten-up-in-madhya-pradesh-over-beef-rumours/

Hindu Extremists Beating Up Muslim Auto Rickshaw Driver and hurling abuses just for carrying beef in his autorickshaw,
Youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uLDxKnjdSzo
Dailymotion http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xwqo6y_a-muslim-rickshaw-wala-is-being-beaten-by-hindu-extremist-terrorist_creation

Another driver tied to pole and beaten up severely just for transporting cows by Gau Rakshaks,
http://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/shocking-mob-ties-a-noose-around-the-neck-of-this-cow-trader-and-makes-him-utter-jai-shri-ram-231365.htmlhttp://daily.bhaskar.com/news-ht/NAT-TOP-man-beaten-and-forced-to-say-jai-sri-ram-4946431-NOR.html

Andhra Pradesh: ‘Gau-rakshaks’ allegedly beat up two Dalits for skinning dead cow
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/gaurakshaks-beat-up-dalits-skinning-cow-india-2964603/

Bajrang Dal “Activists” came to Hayath Bee’s house brandishing weapons after spreading rumours that cow has been slaughtered and had conspired to spark communal riot. Raghavendra from Miyaru Paddaibettu, a staff at the local MLA’s office, is the primary suspect. Sandeep, Sunil, Nagaraju, Chandrahasa, Santhosh and Prakash are the other suspects. http://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=444607

In Video Of Cow Vigilante Attack, Cops Watch As Family Begs For Mercy
The family of five, including 75-year-old Sabir Ali and a nine-year-old girl, were beaten mercilessly by the men who shouted slogans of “Jai Shri Ram” and “Bharat Mata ki Jai“.
http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/video-shows-family-attacked-by-cow-vigilante-mob-inside-jammu-police-post-1685235

Three ‘beef traders’ from Malegaon assaulted, nine arrested. Seven of the arrested assailants belong to the Bajrang Dal
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/three-beef-traders-from-malegaon-assaulted-nine-arrested-4680140/

Hundreds beat up Muslim man Usman Ansari, set his house on fire after finding a dead cow outside it. “A mob carrying sticks and stones and shouting ‘Jai Shri Ram’ descended on 55-year-old Ansari’s house and severely thrashed him,” said Akhilesh B Variar, superintendent of Giridih Police. https://scroll.in/latest/8 1980/jharkhand-hundreds-beat-up-muslim-man-set-his-house-on-fire-after-finding-a-dead-cow-outside-it

Taken to be a cattle thief, mentally-ill man tied to tree, thrashed by mob in Jharkhand
Police said Afroz, from Wasseypur, was seen with three cows and the suspects assumed he was a cattle smuggler. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/taken-to-be-a-cattle-thief-mentally-ill-man-assaulted-by-mob-in-jharkhand/story-yuGZjZC8UdrL8K9HBD7M8H_amp.html

Mob sets truck afire suspecting beef transportation The mob was allegedly led by VHP and Bajrang Dal activists.
http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/odisha-mob-sets-truck-afire-suspecting-beef-transportation/story-IbUHVnH8XV93EMGiz8NF2J.html

http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/taken-to-be-a-cattle-thief-mentally-ill-man-assaulted-by-mob-in-jharkhand/story-yuGZjZC8UdrL8K9HBD7M8H_amp.html

Jammu And Kashmir: Mohammad Asghar’s Son And His Nephew Assaulted By Hindus in Reasi district for chasing away cow that strayed in their field. Police booked the victims as well as assailants. Mohammad Asghar’s son chased away some cows which were grazing in their filed. In the process, one of the cows was injured and a mob responded by assaulting Asghar and his nephew. Police books the victim Mohammed Asghar as well as the mob in Reasi district of Jammu and Kashmir
https://thewire.in/rights/jammu-kashmir-cow-vigilantism-muslim-men-beaten-up

Attack On Worship Places Of Non Hindus - Various sources and human rights reports have documented a rise in attacks on places of worship belonging to non-Hindu communities, particularly Muslims and Christians, by groups and individuals affiliated with Hindutva ideology.

Attacks on Churches and Christian Communities:

• Physical Violence and Vandalism: Reports from organizations like the United Christian Forum and Genocide Watch document hundreds of attacks on Christian places of worship and individuals, including the ransacking of churches, burning of Bibles, and physical assaults on worshippers and pastors.
• Disruption of Prayer Meetings: Hindu nationalist groups, including the Bajrang Dal and Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), are frequently reported to disrupt Christian prayer meetings, accusing attendees of engaging in forced conversions. These disruptions often lead to violence, and in some cases, police have allegedly arrested the victims on fabricated charges.
• Specific Incidents: Notable incidents include the widespread destruction of churches during the 2023 Manipur violence and attacks on churches in states like Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Karnataka.

Attacks on Mosques and Muslim Communities:

• Demolition and Dispossession: A significant number of mosques have been targeted, with activists claiming they were built on the sites of ancient Hindu temples. The most prominent example is the demolition of the Babri Masjid in 1992, which was followed by widespread riots.
• Legal Challenges: Right-wing Hindu groups have filed numerous petitions to "reclaim" mosques, asserting they were built on Hindu holy sites. This includes a court ruling allowing Hindus to worship inside the Gyanvapi Mosque in Varanasi.
• Bulldozer Justice: Authorities have been accused of using bulldozers to demolish homes, businesses, and mosques owned by Muslims under the guise of removing "illegal" structures, a practice critics have termed "bulldozer justice."
• Procession-related Violence: Hindu nationalist processions, particularly those celebrating festivals like Ram Navami, have been reported to pass through Muslim-majority neighborhoods, leading to communal clashes, vandalism, and the destruction of mosques and other Muslim properties.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

Desecration of worship places, books or symbols and attempt to usurp Muslim worship places. As a teenager, Savarkar tried to destroy a mosque & was sad Hindus weren’t united
https://theprint.in/pageturner/excerpt/as-a-teenager-savarkar-tried-to-destroy-a-mosque-was-sad-hindus-werent-united/281796/

India Saw 1,247 Incidents of Persecution of Christians Since 2016, 91 Cases of Church Attacks in 2018: Report https://newscentral24x7.com/persecution-of-christians-india-2018-hate-crime-persecution-relief-report-church-attacks/

Students reenact Babri Masjid demolition at Karnataka school owned by RSS leader. Present in the audience were Puducherry Governor Kiran Bedi, Union minister for chemicals and fertilisers DV Sadananda Gowda, Karnataka Minister for Women and Child Welfare Shashikala Jolle and other political leaders, who had been invited as guests to the school’s annual ‘Kreedotsava’.
https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/watch-at-an-rss-inspired-school-in-karnataka-students-reenact-demolition-of-babri-masjid-6169961

Church vandalized in Raipur by Bajrang Dal extremists, entered the church chanting ‘Jai Shree Ram’ ripped off women’s clothes and also threw 2 years old boy
http://www.india.com/news/india/bajrang-dal-activists-chanting-jai-shree-ram-vandalises-church-in-raipur-5-people-injured-1011034/

Hindu terrorists raid UP church, allege forced conversions, injures Christians chanting Jai Shri Ram http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/vandals-raid-up-church-allege-forced-conversions/articleshow/56247139.cms

Hindu extremists vandalizes Church, burns Bible, assaults Pastor and his pregnant wife and forces the pastor to say Jai Shree Ram http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/chhattisgarh-church-attack-armed-men-set-afire-bible-2760376/

VHP and Bajrang Dal attacks Morcha Mosque for not stopping Azaan (Muslim call to prayer)
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-activists-attack-mosque-in-surat-1041564

Idols installed in Church, Masjid desecrated – Miscreants attempt to disrupt peace. The miscreants painted the walls of the Masjid near Himayat Sagar with the slogans “Jai Sri Ram”
http://www.siasat.com/news/hyderabad-idols-installed-church-masjid-desecrated-miscreants-attempt-disrupt-peace-1149866/

Pork thrown in Eidgah, bottles of alcohol also found. Muslims remains peaceful and lodges police complaint without creating any situation
http://www.jansatta.com/rajya/uttar-pradesh/lucknow/meat-liquor-bottles-found-in-badalgarh-eidgah-in-amethi/359716/

Hindu extremist erects Hanuman idol at Muslim shrine, threatens to vandalise grave
http://www.siasat.com/news/hindu-extremist-erects-hanuman-idol-muslim-shrine-threaten-vandalise-grave-1217072/

Desecration of Quran in an attempt to trigger riots - “The other two accused, Nand Kishore, a zonal secretary of the VHP in Pathankot, and his son Gaurav, had allegedly helped Vijay Kumar in the conspiracy, the police claimed.”
http://scroll.in/article/811152/from-vhp-to-aap-the-politics-around-the-quran-desecration-row-in-punjab-is-getting-murkier  

Noida Mosque Allegedly Vandalised after Hindus raised objections over Friday prayers being offered there, police deployed - http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/noida-mosque-allegedly-vandalised-police-deployed-4871851/

Mazar turned into a mandir at this Rohini park -On May 31, a group of men allegedly broke the stone slab of the mausoleum and replaced it with idols of Hindu gods
http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/mazar-turned-into-a-mandir-at-this-rohini-park/article19988637.ece

RSS members allegedly vandalise prayer hall in Coimbatore decked up for Christmas
http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/rss-members-allegedly-vandalise-prayer-hall-coimbatore-decked-christmas-72906

Shiv Sena had asked volunteers to initiate a campaign to demand the shrine’s demolition and gather support from the Hindu community. Shiv Sena Hindustan targeted the famous Ajmer shrine and Sufi saint Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti with derogatory remarks
https://thewire.in/208223/dont-paint-ajmer-dargah-communal-colour-say-custodians-hindutva-group-talks-demolition/

Hindutva activists held for causing damages to mosque, shops in Natekal
http://www.coastaldigest.com/news/hindutva-activists-held-pelting-stones-shops-natekal
http://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=489763

Kasganj Like Violence Attempted In Delhi’s Alipur By Hindu Terrorists. Hindu fanatics barged into mosque Adde Wali carrying saffron flags and shouted slogans like “Dilli Shaher Mein Rehna Hoga To Vande Mataram Kehna Hoga [If you want to live in Delhi city you must say Vande Mataram]” https://www.pressreader.com/india/hindustan-times-delhi/20180130/281891593711474

Stone Pelting On Masjid during ‘Rama Navami’ procession turns Nirmal tense, police resorts to lathicharge https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/tension-grips-telangana-s-nirmal-district-miscreants-pelt-stones-mosque-78507

Saffron Flag Placed On Mosque, Madarsa Zia Ul Uloom vandalized and Islamic books desecrated in Bihar’s Samastipur on Ram Navami
http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/hindutva-goons-hoist-saffron-flag-mosque-samastipur-bihar-nitish-kumar-plunges-anarchy/178412/

Communal Tension In Surat for third day. Hindus takes out Hanuman Jayanti procession armed with swords and climbs wall of moques with flags in their hands
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/surat/communal-tension-in-surat-for-third-day/articleshow/63571762.cms

Delhi: Hanuman Jayanti Bike rally stopped at four mosques, with swords and saffron flags, objective slogans like ‘Mullahs will shout Ram Ram when they are slaughtered’ raised.
http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/delhi-bike-rally-stopped-at-four-mosques-with-swords-and-saffron-flags-5133727/

Tomb To Temple In Two Months: In south Delhi, a monument changes colours
Gumti, a small domed tomb in Safdarjung Enclave’s Humayunpur village turned into temple
http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/tomb-to-temple-in-two-months-in-south-delhi-a-monument-changes-colours-5162601/

17/5/18 Miscreants leave burning cylinder outside mosque
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/jaipur/miscreants-leave-burning-cylinder-outside-mosque/articleshow/64196905.cms

Plan To Install Laxman Statue Outside Lucknow’s Historic Mosque Triggers Row, Clerics Unhappy. The mosque was earlier in news after BJP stalwart Lal Ji Tandon’s book Ankaha Lucknow claimed that the centuries-old Teele Wali Masjid was actually ‘Laxman ka Teela’.
https://www.news18.com/news/india/plan-to-install-laxman-statue-outside-lucknows-historic-mosque-triggers-row-clerics-unhappy-1796171.html

BJP Leader Ambushes Inside Jama Masjid, Hoists Flag, Chants “Provocative” Slogans like Har Har Mahadev. https://www.newsclick.in/bjp-leader-ambushes-inside-jama-masjid-hoists-flag-chants-provocative-slogans

BJP Supporters Vandalise Mosque In Jamua Village, East Champaran, Bihar During Victory Procession. 5 people were injured who were praying inside.
https://thewire.in/communalism/bihar-mosque-vandalised-bjp-supporter-victory-procession-jamua-east-champaran

ABVP Desecrates Jain Goddess Shruti Devi’s Idol in UP’s Baghpat. Tried to destroy it to replace it with idol of Hindu goddess Saraswati.
https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/india/abvp-insults-jain-goddesss-shruti-devis-idol-in-ups-baghpat-jain-community-furious

Clashes Break Out In Indore Village as rally by Hindu outfits chants slogans outside mosque. Hindu mob vandalized the mosque and installed saffron flags. Saddam Patel’s houses burnt down by Hindu mob.
https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/india/mp-mosques-vandalised-houses-burnt-after-rss-calls-for-jan-jagran-rally-to-fetch-funds-for-ram-temple
Instead of giving justice to Muslims, Indore authorities and police demolishes 80 houses a day after communal clashes. Indore authorities partially demolish 80 houses a day after communal clashes: Report https://scroll.in/latest/982843/indore-authorities-partially-demolish-80-houses-a-day-after-communal-clashes-report

Mosque in Mandsaur vandalized, third incident of violence against Muslims within a week in Madhya Pradesh.
https://www.republicworld.com/india-news/politics/owaisi-slams-shivraj-govt-after-saffron-flat-planted-atop-mosque-in-mandsaur-100-booked.html

Hindu Fanatics Deliberately Halting Procession Near Mosque To Create Disturbance -
Hindu fanatics halting procession near mosques a long history, Bal Gangadhar Tilak used to play objectionable songs at Ganesh Chaturthi and insisted on taking Ganesh Chaturthi procession with loud music near mosques despite a law being against it which lead to many riots. Four people injured in violence during Bajrang Dal members’ rally near mosque
https://scroll.in/latest/834350/ranchi-four-people-injured-in-violence-during-bajrang-dal-members-rally-near-mosque

Minor Communal Tension At Kidderpore area in Kolkata on Thursday evening
Some of them alleged that while they were saying namaz at Ismail Masjid in the evening, BJP activists chanted slogans of ‘Jay Shree Ram’ and ‘Masjid Todenge, Mandir Banayenge’ (we will break the masjid and build a temple).
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-minor-communal-tension-at-kidderpore-area-in-kolkata-2386606

Delhi: Hanuman Jayanti Bike rally stopped at four mosques, with swords and saffron flags, objective slogans like ‘Mullahs will shout Ram Ram when they are slaughtered’ raised.
http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/delhi-bike-rally-stopped-at-four-mosques-with-swords-and-saffron-flags-5133727/
http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/viral-video-shows-hindutva-goons-threatening-outside-delhi-mosque/180213/

Arms And Weapons Training Given To Hindu Terrorists - illegal display of weapons, assembling with arms and encouraging possession of weapons to kill Muslims. - According to numerous news reports and human rights organizations, Hindutva-affiliated groups, such as the Bajrang Dal and Rashtriya Bajrang Dal, have been involved in giving what they describe as "self-defense" or "weapons training" to their members. These training camps, often referred to as "Shaurya Prashikshana Varga," have reportedly taken place in various states, including Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Assam. Videos from these events have gone viral, showing participants, including women and young men, being trained in handling firearms, swords, and other weapons.

While these groups often claim the training is for self-defense and "to counter anti-national elements" or "love jihad," critics, including opposition parties and human rights activists, have condemned them as promoting a climate of violence and communal hatred. Some mock drills conducted in these camps have allegedly depicted "terrorists" with characteristics stereotypically associated with Muslims.

Beyond training, Hindu nationalist groups have been accused of a more widespread public display of weapons, especially during religious processions. During festivals like Ram Navami, processions of Hindu men have been seen brandishing swords, air guns, and other weapons while passing through Muslim-majority neighborhoods, which has often sparked communal clashes.

Furthermore, some leaders and ideologues have been reported to make inflammatory speeches that explicitly call for violence against Muslims. For example, an event in Haridwar, Uttarakhand, in 2021, saw Hindu religious leaders calling for the mass killings and use of weapons against Muslims. These incidents have drawn sharp criticism, with police investigations often being initiated only after public outrage, and in some cases, the accused have been granted bail or the cases have been slow to progress. Human rights organizations like Human Rights Watch and the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom have also noted this trend, highlighting the impunity enjoyed by many of the perpetrators.

This video from India Today debates whether the Bajrang Dal's arms training camps are for self-defence or a prelude to raising an armed militia**. Is Bajrang Dal Raising Armed Militia, Or Are Training Camps For Self Confidence?**

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

Hindu extremists Yogi Adityananth’s Hindu Yuva Vahini supplying guns to Hindus in riot hit area, http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/bjp-mp-yogi-adityanaths-outfit-offers-guns-to-hindus-in-dadri/

Bajrang Dal Recruits Gets Arms Training In 2003 - The article from the Times of India, dated June 5, 2003, reports on a five-day "army-like camp" held by the Bajrang Dal in the Mahbubnagar district of Andhra Pradesh. The camp, which had about 200 participants, focused on training recruits in handling handguns and rifles and improving their sharp-shooting skills.

According to the report, this was the fourth such camp in the area, and over 500 activists had already received training in martial skills. The article notes that the weapons used were "borrowed" and many did not have valid licenses. Organizers justified the training as a necessary measure for Hindus to protect themselves from what they called "Islamic terrorism" and to build confidence. The article also mentions the existence of another organization, Darsgah Jihad-o-Shahadat (DJS), which was also reportedly training people, including women, and teaching them how to make petrol bombs.

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/Bajrang-Dal-recruits-get-arms-training/articleshow/7007.cms

Hindu Sena To Give Bajrang Dal Style Camp Arms Training to kill Muslims on pretext of fighting ‘Islamic terrorism’
http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2016/05/26/hindu-sena-bajrang-dal-tr_n_10138588.html

Another Hindu extremist Pramod Muthalik tells Hindus to keep swords for ‘Self Defense’
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/muthalik-asks-hindus-to-keep-swords-for-selfdefence/article7748272.ece

15,000 Dharma Sena Extremists Getting Sword And Firearms Training To Kill Muslims on pretext of defence against ISIS. Pathankot attack happened few days later after this news and these Dharma Sainiks went into hiding instead of defending the nation.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/15000-strong-dharma-sena-in-Uttar-Pradesh-readies-for-war-with-Islamic-State/articleshow/50646587.cms

Bajrang Dal raises ‘children’s army’, guns, swords on display in Noida
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/exclusive-bajrang-dal-raises-children-army-guns-swords-display-noida/1/679073.html

Shiv Sena Extremists Displays Revolvers and threatens Sikhs and praises 1984 anti-Sikh riot
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDSBw5tdaSw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycLcoSdMu6w

Bajrang Dal Marches With Weapons In Firozabad; police act as escort
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/bajrang-dal-marches-with-weapons-in-firozabad-police-act-as-escort/articleshow/58930148.cms?

Over 150 Rallies On Ram Navami: Swords, saffron flags, chants of Jai Shri Ram in Bengal
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/over-150-rallies-on-ram-navami-swords-saffron-flags-chants-of-jai-shri-ram-in-bengal-4601213/
http://www.catchnews.com/politics-news/party-flags-kids-carrying-swords-how-ram-navami-was-politicised-in-bengal-56861.html

RSS Organises Arms-Training Camp For Hindus In Murshidabad - The Rashtriya Swayamsevak has started a camp in Cossimbazar in West Bengal's Murshidabad district, to train Hindus in the use of weapons and martial arts. The camp began on 30 May and will continue till 10 June. According to RSS' West Bengal general secretary Jishnu Bose, “If Hindus want to protect themselves, they will have to learn how to use weapons and protect themselves from jihadi forces”. Ever since it began its expansion drive in West Bengal, RSS, BJP and outfits like Hindu Samhati have been casually using the label “jihadi forces” against myriad Muslim entities. On being asked what he meant by “jihadi forces”, Bose was vague: “Anyone who oppresses Hindus is a jihadi”. http://www.catchnews.com/india-news/playing-with-fire-rss-organises-arms-training-camp-for-hindus-in-murshidabad-63656.html

To Protect Cows, Fight Love Jihad, Bajrang Dal Distributes ‘Trishul’ to youths in Gujarat: Report
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/to-protect-cows-fight-love-jihad-bajrang-dal-distributes-trishuls-to-youths-in-gujarat-4703901/

VHP To Recruit 5,000 ‘Religious Soldiers’ in Aligarh to control cow smuggling, love jihad
http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/vhp-to-recruit-5-000-religious-soldiers-in-aligarh-to-control-cow-smuggling-love-jihad/story-XOMPuOI6HYDIR6Btf0HDTI.html

Bajrang Dal, VHP volunteers given arms training in Assam: The article from the Hindustan Times reports on allegations made by the Congress party that volunteers of the Bajrang Dal and Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) were receiving arms training in Assam. According to the Assam Pradesh Congress Committee chief, Ripun Bora, a camp was being held at Geeta Ashram in Hojai for members, and the women's wing, 'Durga Vahini,' was also receiving similar training in Nalbari. Bora reportedly presented a video of the training sessions to Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh and demanded action, claiming that the training was a "serious offence" that could incite extremist activity and terrorize political rivals. The article also notes that the Congress party accused the state government of not taking any action on the matter.
http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bajrang-dal-vhp-volunteers-given-arms-training-in-assam-congress/story-HOMJLPhL40b309R5wMwbEJ.html

Hindu Mahasabha Says Hindus Should Possess Weapons. Hindus should spend 20 rupees on buying weapons if they earn 100 rupees.
https://www.jansatta.com/rajya/tiranga-yatra-hindu-mahasabha-hindu-leader-says-hindu-earning-100-rupees-spent-20-rupees-arms-muzaffar-nagar-uttar-prdesh/568787/

Arms And Weapons Stored In Temples And Ashrams - Followers of Sant Rampal clash with police, uses guns and petrol bombs against police. Imagine this to be a Madrasa. All Hindu fanatics would’ve used this incident to shut down all Madrasas.
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/police-confirm-two-deaths-as-hisar-godman-rampal-evades-arrest/

Mathura violence allegedly linked to Hindu godman. His supporters used hand grenades and automatic weapons to attack police.
http://www.news18.com/news/india/mathura-violence-allegedly-linked-to-jai-gurudevs-rs-12000-crore-empire-1251487.html

Police Seized More Than 45 Detonators And 30 Gelatine Rods from the godown of a temple in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/indore/police-seize-detonators-gelatine-rods-from-temple-godown-in-indore/articleshow/57695092.cms?

RSS Storing Weapons And Conducting Arms Training In Kerala Temples - Claims made by Kerala's Devaswom Board Minister, Kadakampally Surendran, that the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) is conducting illegal activities, such as storing weapons and providing weapon training, in temples under the Devaswom board. The minister said he had received multiple complaints and would not permit such "anti-social activities." The article also notes that the BJP state president, Kummanam Rajasekharan, denied the accusations and demanded that the minister provide details of the temples and the petitions he had received.
http://www.ndtv.com/kerala-news/rss-conducting-illegal-activities-in-temples-claims-kerala-minister-1451926. Five bombs seized from Padmanabh temple in Kerala. https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/other-states/other-cities/kerala-5-pipe-bomb-seized-from-padmnabham-temple/articleshow/47061714.cms. Country-made bombs hidden near temple seized by police during raid. http://www.coastaldigest.com/news/91019-country-made-bombs-hidden-near-temple-seized-by-police-during-raid. Bombs Recovered from RSS-controlled Temple Premises in Kannur, Kerala. https://newsclick.in/bombs-recovered-rss-controlled-temple-premises-kannur-kerala. Country bombs recovered from roof of Venkatachalapathy Temple at Krishnapuram https://www.ndtv.com/tamil-nadu-news/country-bombs-recovered-from-roof-of-ancient-temple-474091. Desi Bombs recovered from Kozhikode temple premises
https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/-/articleshow/3346793.cms. 5 bombs seized from Odisha’s Radha Govind temple. http://www.punjabkesari.in/national/news/five-bombs-recovered-from-ancient-temples-in-orissa-419881. Live bomb seized from Ankleshwar’s Manav temple https://hindi.news18.com/news/nation/3165.html.

Hindus Creating Communal Tension By Masquerading As Muslims - Several documented incidents in India have involved individuals or groups from the Hindu community impersonating Muslims to create communal tension or to carry out criminal acts that are then blamed on the Muslim community.

Here is a gist of what has been reported:

• Inciting Communal Hatred: In multiple cases, individuals have been arrested for creating fake social media accounts or posting videos while pretending to be Muslim. The content of these posts or videos often involves derogatory remarks against Hindu deities or communities, with the apparent goal of provoking a backlash and inciting riots. For example, reports describe a man in Uttar Pradesh being arrested for posting a video in which he wore a skullcap and abused Hindus, and another man in Karnataka who created a fake Facebook account with a Muslim name to post offensive content about a Hindu goddess.

• Criminal and Vigilante Acts: There are also instances where individuals have committed crimes while in disguise. One report mentions a man in Maharashtra who posed as a Muslim to make a threatening call about the Ram Temple in Ayodhya. Another incident in Kerala involved a BJP leader's son who was apprehended for secretly depositing meat and food waste in a temple to frame Muslims.

• Political Motivation: In several cases, individuals arrested for such actions have been linked to Hindu nationalist organizations. The motive, as reported by police and media, is often to fuel pre-existing communal prejudices and to reinforce negative stereotypes of Muslims as criminals or terrorists, thereby serving a political agenda. Reports from Sabrangindia and other news outlets highlight that this is a rising trend of "criminals in costume" who commit crimes under a false identity to shift blame and instigate violence.

Please Find Below Some More Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

Ram Sena workers hoists Pakistan flag at Government office to cause disturbance and blame Muslims. Rakesh Siddaramiah Mutt (19, Anil Kumar (18), Parashuram Ashok (20, Rohit Eshwar (18, Sunil Madiwalappa (18) and Mallanagouda Vijaykumar
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/sri-ram-sene-activists-pakistani-flag/1/167409.html

Hindu Man Kapil Shastri Hoists Pakistan Flag on roof of his house but is later termed mentally unstable www.firstpost.com/india/man-in-jaipur-detained-for-allegedly-hoisting-pakistani-flag-2957388.html

Fanatic Hindu G. Shiv Kumar Throws Beef and green color in Pachamama temple to cause communal disturbance in the city http://www.newswala.com/Hyderabad-News/G-Shiv-Kumar-arrested-by-Hyderabad-Police-for-throwing-beef-in-Pochamma-Temple-10901.html

Hindu Fanatic Group Smears Ram’s Banner With Cow Dung To Start Communal Riots.
http://deccandigest.com/its-confirmed-it-was-sriramsena-men-who-threw-gobar-on-shriram-banner-in-shahabad/

Burqa Clad RSS Extremist Caught Throwing Beef in temple to start communal violence,
http://www.ibtimes.co.in/pictures-burqa-clad-alleged-rss-activist-caught-throwing-beef-inside-temple-wearing-goes-viral-648964

Three BJP workers Arjun Gunadal, Ramesh Gunadal, and Shivanagouda Patil arrested for desecrating the statue of Hindu saint Basavanna. The accused were trying to give the incident “a communal colour”, the SP said http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/Three-BJP-workers-arrested-on-charge-of-desecrating-Basaveshwara-statue/article17076628.ece

Hindu Teen Poses As Muslim Abdul Khan and gives bomb threat but later considered ‘Mentally unstable’ because of his Hindu identity http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/bangalore-blast-17-year-old-sent-out-terror-threats/story-4bpQoJVRVUIdEYx7z6bkBN.html

Recently 16 ministers in Rajasthan got threat mails in which an “Indian Mujahideen (IM) terrorist” threatened that his group would launch series of terror attacks in the state. And a Hindu man named Shushil Chaudhary was arrested.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/jaipur/IM-mail-sender-held-no-terror-link/articleshow/45666000.cms

One “Jamaat ul Mujahideen Bangladesh” terrorist threatened to bomb West Bengal. Days later, police traced the man behind the terror threat. It Was Amiya Sarkar- A Hindu. (02 Dec 2014, The statesman) http://caravandaily.com/portal/whats-the-mystery-of-terror-acts-being-claimed-by-hindus-posing-as-muslims/

Temple Secretly Damaged By Hindu – Muslims blamed! S.S Mohan Kumar arrested
http://www.siasat.com/news/temple-secretly-damaged-hindu-muslims-blamed-1193082/
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/man-held-for-temple-desecration/article18594970.ece

BJP Attempt to Foment Communal Riot by Dumping Meat in Temple Foiled
https://newsclick.in/bjp-attempt-foment-communal-riot-dumping-meat-temple-foiled
http://www.jansatta.com/rajya/kerala-bjp-leader-girish-son-caught-dumping-meat-in-temple-communal-tension-says-cpm-mouthpiece/420212/

Anti India Hate Posted By Nath on Ali’s FB Account Has Mobs Baying for ‘Muslim’ Blood in Lower Assam http://www.thecitizen.in/index.php/en/newsdetail/index/3/14023/anti-india-hate-posted-by-nath-on-alis-fb-account-has-mobs-baying-for-muslim-blood-in-lower-assam

Vineet Pratap Singh held for posting objectionable comment against CM Yogi on FB using fake account of Asad Siddiqui. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/up-man-held-for-posting-objectionable-comment-against-cm-yogi-on-fb/articleshow/65151944.cms

Hindu Man Ramakrishna Arrested For Vandalizing Temple In Malappuram. Naga statues in the Ayyappa temple were demolished, and human excreta was dumped in plastic covers inside the temple, according to police, “As far as we have understood, this crime was done with the intention to cause communal discord in the society. The act was done only by a single person. Ramakrishnan was also taken to the site of the crime to record his statements and he will be further questioned on Saturday,” https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kerala-man-arrested-vandalising-temple-malappuram-108123

During Friday’s Follow-Up Demonstrations In Gorakhpur, Two RSS Members — Vikas Jalan and Satya Prakash — were seen among the mob, damaging shops and throwing stones at the police, a protester said. https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/blood-stains-uttar-pradesh-streets/cid/1729075

Three Youth Held For Causing Coronavirus Scare In Karnataka. Mahesh, Abhishek and Srinivas arrested. “When they were intercepted, one of them showed the home quarantine seal on his hand and threatened the personnel by claiming that they were Muslims infected with coronavirus and would spread the disease if they were detained, before fleeing,” the official said. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/three-youth-held-for-causing-coronavirus-scare-in-karnataka/articleshow/75099211.cms

Hindu Man Milind Arrested For Placing Islamic Flag on canopy of Shankaracharya statue in at Veerappa Gowda Circle in Sringeri https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/flag-issue-one-arrested/article32354454.ece

Following are some cases of Hindus vandalizing/desecrating Hindu worship places and there was no outrage after Hindu culprits were arrested –

Kerala police arrests Mohanakumar S.S for temple attack
http://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/crime/290517/kerala-police-arrests-man-for-temple-attack.html

Krishna idols desecrated by Hindu godman in Kayamkulam
http://www.manoramaonline.com/news/kerala/2017/06/30/kayamkulam-krishna-idols-ddemolished.html 

RSS Mukhya Shikshak arrested for destroying Sree Nayanana Garu statue
http://www.expressmalayali.com/4413-2guru-madram-bjp/

Mukesh Kumar broke idols in temple in Ludhiana, Punjab
http://www.jagran.com/punjab/ludhiana-15481916.html

Two BJP local leaders arrested in Tripura for desecrating Hindu idols in temples in two different incidents.
http://www.vasthavam.in/news_more.php?id=2185

Hindus Attending Funeral Of Hindu Terrorists Or Supporting Them - Public reactions and political responses to individuals accused or convicted of acts of violence often differ based on the political and communal context. Here is a gist of how individuals and groups from the Hindu community and their political affiliates have reportedly responded to those accused of "Hindu terrorism":

• Political Support and Defence: The term "Hindu terrorism" or "saffron terror" has been a subject of contentious political debate. When individuals associated with Hindu nationalist organizations like the RSS were accused in cases such as the Samjhauta Express bombing or the Malegaon blasts, political leaders, particularly from the BJP, have often defended them. They have argued that the term is a political conspiracy by opposing parties to malign Hindu organizations. For instance, after being acquitted of terror charges, Sadhvi Pragya Singh Thakur, a prominent accused in the Malegaon blast case, went on to be elected as a Member of Parliament for the BJP.

• Public Acclamation and Celebrations: In some instances, individuals accused of such crimes have received a hero's welcome upon their release on bail or acquittal. Media reports and social media content have shown supporters celebrating with garlands, distributing sweets, and organizing rallies. This support is often framed as a celebration of the person's innocence and a rejection of what they view as a politically motivated and biased investigation.

• Funerals: While there are no widespread reports of state-sponsored funerals for those convicted of communal terrorism, there have been instances where local Hindu groups have organized public ceremonies for individuals killed in police encounters. These events are often attended by local political leaders and community members, who portray the deceased as martyrs and victims of an unjust system. These occasions are used to rally support and criticize the government's handling of the case.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:
Funeral of Dalit killer Brahmeshvar Singh turns show of might. Thousands of his supporters and politicians attended his funeral.
https://www.telegraphindia.com/1120603/jsp/bihar/story_15563629.jsp

Villagers drape Dadri lynching case accused Ravin Sisodia’s coffin in tricolour after declaring him a ‘martyr’ funeral was also attended by BJP minister Mahesh Sharma
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/indiahome/indianews/article-3825864/Villagers-drape-Dadri-lynching-case-accused-Ravin-Sisodia-s-coffin-tricolour-declaring-martyr.html

Crowd Support Alimuddin’s Killers, Chant ‘Bharat Mata Ki Jai’ Outside Court
https://newsclick.in/crowd-support-alimuddins-killers-chant-bharat-mata-ki-jai-outside-court

Shambhu Lal Regar murderer of Afrazul gets full support from Hindus
https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/jodhpur-on-ram-navami-tableau-celebrates-afrazul-murderer-shambhu-lal-regar/story-DBNEgPnk6Yq1Qu8dNEcpbJ.html

Right-Wing Groups Hold Rally For Release Of Vaibhav Raut In Nalasopara
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/nalasopara-protest-march-in-support-of-terror-suspect-vaibhav-raut/articleshow/65441454.cms

Alwar lynching: BJP MLA Gyan Dev Ahuja promises help to accused, wants cow smuggling cases filed against victims. http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/jul/31/alwar-lynching-bjp-mla-promises-help-to-accused-wants-cow-smuggling-cases-filed-against-victims-1851263.html

Yerwada police book 150 Hindu Rashtra Sena supporters after illegal rally
https://www.hindustantimes.com/pune-news/yerawada-police-book-150-hindu-rashtra-sena-supporters-after-illegal-rally/story-2skdpEignlOmJaPfNC8lTJ.html

Bajrang Dal leader Yogesh Raj a prime suspect in Bulandshahr violence and murder of police inspector Subodh Singh granted bail and got hero’s welcome
https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bulandshahr-violence-seven-accused-get-bail-heros-welcome-5936657/

Hindutva Brigade Trolling - Online reports and research studies describe a phenomenon of organized online trolling by groups affiliated with Hindutva ideology, often referred to as "troll armies" or "IT cells." Here is a gist of how these operations are reported to function in spreading hate:

• Organized and Coordinated Campaigns: These groups are not just a collection of individuals but are allegedly organized, with some reports linking them to the social media or IT cells of political parties like the BJP. Their activities are often coordinated through vast networks of WhatsApp groups and other social media channels, where they receive instructions on whom to target and what narratives to push. A report by The Washington Post in 2023 claimed that the BJP had a sprawling network of 150,000 social media workers to propagate content.

• Tactics Used to Spread Hate:

  • Misinformation and Fake News: A key tactic is to create and rapidly spread fake news, doctored videos, and fabricated narratives. These often focus on conspiracies like "love jihad" or "corona jihad" to demonize Muslims and other minorities.

  • Targeted Harassment and Abuse: These campaigns target journalists, activists, political opponents, and anyone critical of the government or Hindutva ideology. Tactics include "doxing" (releasing personal information), mass reporting of accounts to get them suspended, and flooding the targets with misogynistic, Islamophobic, and casteist abuse, including rape and death threats.

  • Narrative Control: The groups work to control the online narrative by pushing specific hashtags and trending topics to create a sense of overwhelming public support for their views and to discredit opposing voices.

• Impact and Consequences:

  • Silencing Dissent: The relentless harassment is often aimed at silencing dissent and intimidating those who speak out against majoritarian politics. A study by the International Centre for Journalists (ICFJ) found that a significant number of women journalists in India, particularly those from minority communities, have been subjected to severe online violence.

  • Offline Violence: The online hate campaigns are seen as a precursor to real-world violence. Reports suggest that hateful narratives and fake news spread on platforms like WhatsApp have incited lynchings and communal clashes.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

Fed up with so much hatred’: Newly engaged Priyamani responds to trolls after engagement with a Muslim
http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/fed-up-with-so-much-hatred-newly-engaged-priyamani-responds-to-trolls-2806538.html

Irfan Pathan trolled by Hindutvadis for posting picture of his wife wearing Burkha
http://www.msn.com/en-in/news/sport/when-irfan-pathan-was-trolled-over-his-wife/ar-AAmUk8T

Irfan Pathan Trolled By Hindu Fanatics for tweeting in support of Rohingyas
http://www.jansatta.com/trending-news/cricketer-irfan-pathan-tweets-on-rohingya-muslaman-make-twitterati-angry/425628/

Hindu Mahasabha terms IAS topper Trolled - Tina Dabi’s decision to marry Muslim Kashmiri youth as ‘love jihad’ http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/tina-dabi-love-jihad-hindu-mahasabha-marriage-islam/1/823484.html

Zaheer Khan-Sagarika Ghatge engagement branded as Love Jihad by followers of Zee News on Facebook https://www.altnews.in/zaheer-khan-sagarika-ghatge-engagement-branded-love-jihad-followers-zee-news-facebook/

Katy Perry slammed for being ‘offensive’ after sharing image of Hindu goddess on Instagram
http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/katy-perry-slammed-sharing-image-hindu-goddess-article-1.3079609

Saif Ali Khan Slammed Online for calling Sonu Nigam’s Azaan tweets aggressive
http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/saif-ali-khan-slammed-online-for-calling-sonu-nigam-s-azaan-tweets-agressive/story-Cu0jeH4Xphyz9I5BwM49sI.html

Yogi Adityanath wishes Muslims on Hazrat Ali’s birth anniversary, gets trolled by followers
http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/yogi-adityanath-hazrat-ali/115899/

Sushma Swaraj Trolled For Helping Lucknow Interfaith Couple In Passport Row
https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/sushma-swaraj-trolled-for-helping-lucknow-interfaith-couple-in-passport-row/312800

Modi Trolled By ‘Bhakts’ for extending Ramadan greetings in Urdu
https://www.siasat.com/news/modi-trolled-bhakts-extending-ramadan-greetings-urdu-1357188/
Dangal’s teen actor Zaira Wasim trolled after J&K CM calls her ‘role model’
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Wish-to-see-Zaira-Wasim-become-a-real-Kashmiri-icon/articleshow/56617074.cms

‘Dangal’ Girl Zaira Wasim Gets Trolled for mom’s old pro-Pakistan posts
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/dangal-girl-zaira-wasim-gets-trolled-for-moms-old-pro-pakistan-posts/articleshow/57165881.cms

Malayalam actor Surabhi Lakshmi harassed for eating beef on show telecast for Onam
http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/malayalam-actor-surabhi-lakshmi-faces-online-abuse-eating-beef-tv-show-onam-day-68134

Vishwa Hindu Parishad Attacks Former Vice-President Hamid Ansari for attending PFI event
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/vishwa-hindu-parishad-attacks-former-vice-president-hamid-ansari-for-attending-pfi-event-4859560/

Hate Speeches - Based on various news reports and research from human rights organizations, here is a gist of hate speeches by individuals and groups associated with Hindutva ideology:

• Prominent Incidents: A key example is the "Dharma Sansad" (religious assembly) in Haridwar in December 2021, where several Hindu religious leaders allegedly called for a genocide against Muslims and for Hindus to arm themselves. Speakers reportedly praised Mahatma Gandhi's assassin, Nathuram Godse, and used inflammatory language, including calls for ethnic cleansing, and the murder of Muslims.

• Common Narratives and Conspiracy Theories: Hate speeches frequently rely on conspiracy theories and derogatory narratives to demonize minorities, particularly Muslims. These include:

  • "Love Jihad": The unfounded claim that Muslim men are seducing Hindu women to forcibly convert them to Islam.

  • "Population Jihad": The debunked theory that Muslims are deliberately increasing their population to outnumber Hindus.

  • "Land Jihad" and "Economic Jihad": Baseless allegations that Muslims are systematically occupying Hindu lands or monopolizing the economy.

  • "Thook Jihad" (Spit Jihad): A fabricated conspiracy that Muslims spit on food to contaminate it.

• Escalating Rhetoric and Calls for Violence: Reports from organizations like India Hate Lab show a significant increase in hate speech incidents, particularly in states ruled by the BJP. These speeches have moved beyond mere rhetoric to include explicit calls for violence, an economic boycott of Muslim businesses, the destruction of mosques, and the urging of Hindus to arm themselves. The rhetoric often frames violence as a form of "justice" or a necessary "cleansing."

• Individuals and Groups Involved: Hate speeches have been documented as being delivered by a range of individuals, including:

  • Religious Leaders: Figures like Yati Narsinghanand and Sadhvi Annapurna.

  • Influencers: Individuals like Kajal Hindustani and Suresh Chavhanke.

  • Political Leaders: Several high-profile political leaders from the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), including Chief Ministers and Union Ministers, have also been cited in reports for making inflammatory speeches.

  • Organizations: Groups affiliated with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), such as the Bajrang Dal, have been identified as being at the forefront of organizing events where such speeches are delivered.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Same From The News Articles:

Atal Bihari Vajpayee gave several hate speeches against Muslims and justified Gujarat riot calling it retaliation, Gujarat Riot.
“What happened in Gujarat? If a conspiracy had not been hatched to burn alive the innocent passengers of the Sabarmati Express, then the subsequent tragedy in Gujarat could have been averted. But this did not happen. People were torched alive. Who were those culprits? The government is investigating into this. Intelligence agencies are collecting all the information. But we should not forget how the tragedy of Gujarat started. The subsequent developments were no doubt condemnable, but who lit the fire? How did the fire spread?” He also said,
“Wherever Muslims live, they don’t like to live in co-existence with others, they don’t like to mingle with others; and instead of propagating their ideas in a peaceful manner, they want to spread their faith by resorting to terror and threats. The world has become alert to this danger.” https://thewire.in/politics/let-us-not-forget-the-glimpse-we-got-of-the-real-vajpayee-when-the-mask-slipped

Babri Mosque Watch: When Atal Bihari Vajpayee spoke of ‘levelling the ground’ in his speech to kar sevaks in 1992 https://scroll.in/video/882331/watch-when-atal-bihari-vajpayee-spoke-of-levelling-the-ground-in-his-speech-to-kar-sevaks-in-1992
Nellie Massacre: Nellie massacre took place in February 1983. Nellie is located in Morigaon district of Assam. More than 2,000 people were killed. Almost all were Bengali Muslims. Assam was preparing for polls and Vajpayee, as the BJP president, was campaigning in the state. In one of his speeches, Vajpayee was quoted as saying, “Foreigners have come here and the government does nothing. What if they had come into Punjab instead? People would have chopped them into pieces and thrown them away.” Atal Bihari Vajpayee was quoted by former CPI-M MP Indrajit Gupta during a debate on trust vote moved by Atal Bihari Vajpayee in May 1996. The attributed portion of speech went uncontested in the Lok Sabha.
Soon after his speech violence erupted in Nellie. Vajpayee had returned to New Delhi after his speech in Assam. https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/the-other-side-of-atal-bihari-vajpayee-3-instances-1322548-2018-08-24

Modi’s Statement During His Gaurav Yatra About Muslims, “We five,ours twenty-five. For this, we have to teach a lesson to those who are increasing the population at an alarming rate” http://www.milligazette.com/Archives/01102002/0110200269.htm

RSS Chief Mohan Bhagwat’s Hate Speech Against Muslims, “Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar was well aware of the nefarious designs of Muslims. He always warned against any kind of association (political) with the Muslims,” Bhagwat said at the two-day Dharam Sansad that began here. “Now, efforts are being made for a Dalit-Muslim alliance. Babasaheb had himself termed these jihadis untrustworthy. We need to make aware people about this,” the RSS chief said. https://www.hindustantimes.com/lucknow/quoting-ambedkar-rss-chief-warns-against-dalit-muslim-alliance-in-politics/story-HBMYoE3jUTpRBnE3s5pO9N.html

Tripura governor Tathagata Roy Hate Speech - Tathagata Roy says Hindu-Muslim problem can’t be solved without a civil war https://www.indiatoday.in/india/video/hindu-muslim-problem-civil-war-india-tripura-governor-tathagata-roy-controversy-848404-2017-06-20

Ravi Shankar Warns Of Bloodshed if SC doesn’t rule in favour of Hindus on Babri Mosque dispute. https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-order-wont-resolve-ayodhya-issue-sri-sri-ravi-shankar-1819957

VHP leader Sadhvi Prachi says it is time to make India free of Muslims
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/sadhvi-prachi-make-india-muslim-free-2839903/

Punish Muslims Who Have More Than Two Children says Hindu extremist Praveen Togadia,
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/punish-muslims-with-more-than-2-kids-junk-minority-status-pravin-togadia-sakshi-maharaj-strike-again/1/464492.html

Will install Ganesh idol in every Mosque says Hindu extremist Yogi Adityanath,
http://zeenews.india.com/news/india/will-install-gauri-ganesh-in-every-mosque-says-yogi-adityanath_1543681.html

Those Who Want To Avoid Yoga Can Leave India: Yogi Adityanath - On Hindu rashtra: I will not stop till I turn UP and India into a Hindu rashtra. (At Etah UP in 2005). On minorities: We want you (minorities) not to kill anybody and live peacefully and concentrate on progress…If the other side does not stay in peace, we will teach them how to stay in peace…in the language that they understand. (During a TV programme on August 31, 2014). On riots : There have been 450 riots in west UP in two-and-a-half years of Samajwadi Party because the population of a particular community is rising manifold. In places where there are 10-20% minority population, stray communal incidents take place. Where there are 20-35% of them, serious communal riots take place and where they are more than 35%, there is no place for non-Muslims. (at a rally in Noida on September 7, 2014) https://www.hindustantimes.com/assembly-elections/from-love-jihad-conversion-to-srk-10-controversial-comments-by-up-s-new-cm-yogi-adityanath/story-5JW2ZFGZzAdIZeIcjcZCNM.html

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/yogi-adityanath-says-those-who-avoid-yoga-can-leave-india/article7297946.ece

Impose Emergency and sterilize Muslims, Christians forcibly, says Hindu Mahasabha leader Sadhvi Deva Thakur - http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2015/04/11/sadhvi-deva-thakur-sterilisation_n_7048266.html

RSS Leader Bhayyaji Joshi Considers Babri Mosque Demolition as minor incident, says 1992 episode shows Hindus are waking up
https://www.news18.com/news/politics/just-begun-for-bhaiyyaji-joshi-babri-masjid-demolition-was-a-minor-incident-2089499.html

Baba Ramdev calls followers of Ambedkar and Periyar as “Intellectual terrorists”
https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/baba-ramdev-raises-ideological-terror-bogey-targets-periyar-and-ambedkar-followers-112540

Sakshi Maharaj vows death sentence to those Hindus converting to Islam and Christianity http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/india-mp-sakshi-maharaj-vows-death-sentences-hindus-converting-islam-christianity-1482301
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/sakshi-maharaj-narendra-modi-rss-bjp-hindutva-muslims-christians/1/416792.html

BJP MLA Raja Singh from Telangana says, “We have a determination/commitment towards Hindu rashtra, for this Hindu rashtra, we need an army. How can this army be formed? All over India, we are forming an army for Hindu rashtra, the protection of dharma and the nation. For this, there’s a ten day camp for which we have come to Bengaluru.”
https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/hyd-bjp-mla-raja-singh-announces-vigilante-army-deal-anti-nationals-109097

Complaint filed against BJP leader Kapil Mishra for allegedly comparing Muslim children to pollution. https://scroll.in/latest/941982/complaint-filed-against-bjp-leader-kapil-mishra-for-allegedly-comparing-muslim-children-to-pollution

Won’t Allow Haj if Muslims Oppose Ram Mandir: BJP MLA Brij Bhushan Rajput’s Threat on Facebook http://www.news18.com/news/politics/no-ram-mandir-no-haj-bjp-mlas-threat-on-facebook-1460905.html

Swami Om Makes Blasphemous Remarks On Muhammad Hazrat Aisha and Hazrat Fatima https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKtBJwSLd38

Criminal case booked against BJP MLA Raja Singh for blasphemous statement on Muhammad https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-telangana-bjp-mla-raja-singh-booked-for-communal-remarks-on-hyderabad-veterinarian-s-rape-murder-2804418

VHP extremist Surendar Jain says “Muslims should follow the path of Sri Ram and not the prophet Muhammad if they want to remain in India
http://www.coastaldigest.com/index.php/news/92531-revert-to-hinduism-stop-following-prophet-muhammad-vhp-leader-tells-muslims?fromNewsdog=1

Hindu religious scholar Sadhvi Deva Thakur makes derogatory remarks on Muhammad and Hazrat Aisha. She had posted the video in her official Facebook page and was also shared in a right wing website, later on both of them deleted the video but archived version of the statement can be found here https://web.archive.org/web/20180130185052/Hindutva.info/sadhvi-deva-thakur-statment

Hindu Celebrity Annu Kapoor Justified Persecution Of Kashmiri Muslims as an retaliation for massacre of 219 Kashmiri Pandits (Hindus). “Now what’s happening with Kashmiri children here, so our Kashmiri Pandits were given the similar treatment. Our Kashmiri Pandits also suffered. So they (Kashmiri Muslims) will have to suffer. It takes two hands to clap,” Kapoor told ABP channel. http://www.jantakareporter.com/entertainment/angry-reactions-after-bollywood-actor-annu-kapoor-justifies-violence-against-kashmiris-across-india/233567/

BJP MP Parvesh Verma Questions Muslim Commitment to India, Development and questions why all terrorists in India are Muslims
https://thewire.in/88202/muslims-bjp-parvesh-verma/

BJP MP Anant Kumar Hegde calls Islam ‘ticking time bomb of terror’, booked for hate speech, wants to eradicate Islam
http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2016/03/03/ananth-kumar-hegde_n_9380910.html
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/hate-speech-booked-hegde-sticks-to-his-remarks/

RSS Ideologue Rakesh Sinha To AIMIM leader: You wouldn’t survive even 15 seconds if there’s retaliation against you
http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/rakesh-sinhas-aimim-tv-debate/170729/

Hindu Yuva Vahini Secretary Hate Speech - Nagendra Tomar purportedly told his supporters that “if they take one, then prepare to bring at least 10 (women)”.
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/hindu-yuva-vahini-leader-nagendra-tomar-booked-love-jihad-communal-remarks-republic-day-event-5042860/

‘Muslims should not live in this country,’ says BJP MP Vinay Katiyar - BJP MP Vinay Katiyar stated that Muslims should not live in India because the country was partitioned for them. He suggested that they should go to Pakistan or Bangladesh and questioned their purpose in India. The article notes that these comments were made in response to a demand from AIMIM chief Asaduddin Owaisi for a law against calling Indian Muslims "Pakistani." Another BJP leader, Subramanian Swamy, also mentioned in the article, stated that Muslims should take an oath that their ancestors were Hindu to prove their citizenship. The article also points out that Katiyar has made controversial statements in the past, including claiming that the Taj Mahal would become a "Tej Mandir."
https://scroll.in/latest/867827/muslims-should-not-live-in-this-country-says-bjp-mp-vinay-katiyar

BJP MP Vinay Katiyar Instigating Hindus, says “Hindu community must be ready for martyrdom” demands another ‘Sacrifice’ for Ram Mandir
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-hindu-community-must-be-ready-for-martyrdom-vinay-katiyar-demands-another-sacrifice-for-ram-janmabhumi-2594976

Shankaracharya Swami Swaroopananda Makes Anti Muslim Speech. Comments on Burkha, Polygamy, Triple Talaq.
https://www.patrika.com/allahabad-news/muslim-men-why-not-wear-burqa-said-shankaracharya-12140/

Christian Missionaries A Threat To Unity Of The Country: BJP MP Bharat Singh has claimed that Christian missionaries pose a threat to the unity and integrity of India. He has alleged that these missionaries are behind a conspiracy to weaken democracy by converting people to Christianity, particularly in the northeastern states of India. He also accused the Congress party of being controlled by Christian missionaries, stating that Congress leader Sonia Gandhi works on their directives. In a separate instance, he reportedly blamed Christian missionaries for the desecration of statues of Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar, alleging that they were trying to break the social fabric of the country.
https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/christian-missionaries-a-threat-to-unity-of-the-country-bjps-ballia-mp-bharat-si/311250

Hindu Samaj Party Leader Gives Call For ‘Muslim-Free State’, threatens to drive Muslims out of Jharkhand, says can open a AK 47 factory to acheive it
https://www.jansatta.com/trending-news/video-hindu-samaj-party-leader-said-he-could-open-ak-47-rifle-factory-for-islam-free-india/671508/
http://www.newsbits.in/hindu-samaj-party-leader-gives-call-for-muslimfree-state-threatens-to-drive-muslims-out-of-jharkhand

Dharm Sena’s Swami Narasimhananda’s Hate Speech Against Muslims, says Muslims are carrying the corpse of a dead religion that has started to stink and also gives arms training openly to Hindu terrorists.
https://www.thequint.com/videos/the-wild-west-of-uttar-pradesh-rise-of-the-hindu-fringe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QfOGVJ5XgMc

Pro-Hindu And Anti-Muslim Statements By IFS Officer - India’s New York General Consul Sandeep Chakravorty who is an Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer of the 1996 batch makes pro-Hindu and anti-Muslim statements at a private gathering, calls for imposing the Israeli Modi in Kashmir, “Anupamji said that in India we think about everyone else, about other’s religions, but unfortunately not everyone thinks that way. I think we made the strategic blunder that we thought that everybody is thinking like us, but everybody is not thinking like us. “We should start thinking like others, and then only we will be able to beat them at their game. I think we have to do that, and that thinking is now coming…””We have to go beneath the reasoning and understand why it (revoking Article 370) was done. I think somebody spoke about the Jewish issue, they (Jews) kept their culture alive for 2,000 years, outside their land, and they went back. I think we all have to keep Kashmiri culture alive, Kashmiri culture is the Indian culture, it is Hindu culture. I feel as much Kashmiri as anybody else.”
https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-if-israeli-people-can-do-it-row-over-indias-consul-generals-comment-on-kashmir/343172

Karnataka BJP MLA From Ballari Gali Somashekhara Reddy Hate Speech - Gali Somashekhara Reddy says Bewakoofs (idiots) from Congress are lying to you,” he continued, “and you’re believing them and coming out onto the streets. Hey, we’re the 80%! You’re just 17%. If we turn against you what will your situation be?”
Somashekhara orated to loud cheers, “If you want to live in this country… the Australian Prime Minister had given a statement once. You know what she said? “If you want to stay in this country, you have to live as per our customs. Caution. If you don’t, I will send you back to your country.” Make sure that you don’t bring such a situation in this country,”
https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/we-re-80-you-re-17-karnataka-mla-warns-muslims-against-anti-caa-protests-115305

Rampant Islamophobia In Hindu Media, Hindu panelists openly makes Islamophobic rants on national television, right-wing political analyst Sangit Ragi said “were these riots planned? Were they a conspiracy?” To which the reply was “These riots do not depict Muslims, rather it depicts Islam as it comes from Quran and its verses”. He continued unopposed, “What is the reason that anyone who believes in Islam anywhere in the world is always indulged in violence, arson and terrorism”? He concluded with claiming all Muslim are inherently disposed to violence by stating “Hindu isn’t ideologically disposed to violence unlike Muslims”.
https://twocircles.net/2020sep05/438902.html

Patriotism of Hindutvadis - Hindutva's brand of patriotism often distinguish it from the secular, composite nationalism envisioned by India's founders. Critics contend that Hindutva patriotism is not a love of the nation in its entirety, but rather an ideology that defines the nation through the lens of a single religion and culture.

Here is a gist of the key points made by critics and proponents of this concept:

Criticisms of Hindutva Patriotism

• Exclusivity vs. Inclusivity: Critics argue that the Indian nationalism that emerged during the freedom struggle was an inclusive and secular concept that embraced all citizens regardless of their religion, caste, or background. Hindutva, in contrast, is viewed as an exclusive form of nationalism that imagines the nation as an ethnoreligious entity belonging primarily to Hindus. This is often framed as a "Hindu Rashtra" (Hindu nation), a concept articulated by V.D. Savarkar, an early ideologue of Hindutva.

• Ideology Over Constitution: According to critics, this ideology runs counter to the principles of a secular and democratic republic laid out in the Indian Constitution. They argue that by prioritizing a specific religious identity, Hindutva patriotism undermines the constitutional values of liberty, equality, and fraternity for all citizens.

• Targeting of Minorities: This brand of patriotism is seen as inherently hostile to those who are not Hindu. The argument is that since Hindutva patriotism considers India a "holy land" for Hindus, it views communities whose holy lands are elsewhere (such as Muslims and Christians) as "outsiders" or less-than-full citizens. This narrative has been linked to a rise in hate speech, violence, and discriminatory policies against minorities.

Proponents' Counterarguments

• Cultural Nationalism: Proponents of Hindutva often reject the term "religious nationalism." Instead, they define their ideology as "cultural nationalism" and argue that Hindutva is not a religion but a shared way of life and a collective cultural identity. They maintain that this identity is the foundation of the Indian nation and that true patriotism lies in recognizing and preserving this cultural core.

• A Reaction to "Pseudo-Secularism": Supporters argue that their patriotism is a necessary corrective to what they call "pseudo-secularism," a term they use to criticize what they see as the historical appeasement of minorities for political gain. They contend that their patriotism is not anti-Muslim or anti-Christian but is pro-Hindu and a way to restore the nation's authentic cultural identity.

Please Find Below Some Evidences Of Fake Hindutva Patriotism From The News Articles:

Tri-Colour Flag Hoisted At RSS Head Quarters After 52 Years - the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) hoisting the national tricolour at its headquarters in Mahal, Nagpur, for the first time in nearly 52 years. This event took place on Saturday, January 26, 2002. The national flag was also unfurled at "Smruti Bhawan" in Reshimbagh, which holds memorials of the first two RSS chiefs, Dr. Keshav Baliram Hedgewar and Guruji Golwalkar. Chhotu Bhaiyya Dhakras and Shriramji Joshi were the individuals who hoisted the flags at the respective locations. According to RSS sources, the national flag had previously been hoisted on August 15, 1947, and January 26, 1950, and had not been unfurled at the headquarters since then.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Tri-colour-hoisted-at-RSS-HQ-after-52-yrs/articleshow/1561733136.cms

Activists, Who Forcibly Hoisted Tricolour At RSS Premises, Freed – RSS Filed Case against three activists who hoisted tricolour flag at RSS premises. A court in Nagpur discharged three activists of a local organisation for forcibly hoisting the tri-colour at the city RSS premises in 2001. Three activists of Rashtrapremi Yuwa Dal– its president Baba Mendhe, Ramesh Kalambe and Dilip Chattani – along with others allegedly entered the RSS premises in Reshimbagh in southern part of the city on 26 January in 2001 and forcibly hoisted the national flag there amid patriotic slogans. They contended that RSS has never before or after independence, ever hoisted the tri-colour in their premises, even on Independence Day and Republic Day. Offences under relevant section of Bombay Police Act and IPC were registered by Police against the trio, who were freed.
http://www.firstpost.com/india/activists-who-forcibly-hoisted-tri-colour-at-rss-premises-freed-1032849.html

When RSS Rejected Tricolour Flag, Patel Asked RSS To Accept Tricolour Flag - here is a summary of the relationship between the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), the Indian national flag, and Sardar Patel.

• Sardar Patel's Stance: An article from The Hindu states that Sardar Patel, as India's Home Minister, insisted that the RSS must "explicitly accept" the national tricolour for the ban on the organization to be lifted in 1949. Patel saw this as a crucial step for the RSS to align with the principles of a secular society. He warned that any organization attempting to replace the national flag would be dealt with severely.

• RSS's Position: The same article from The Hindu explains that the RSS had historically used its saffron flag as its primary symbol. After being banned following Mahatma Gandhi's assassination, the RSS's then-chief, M.S. Golwalkar, agreed to the government's conditions to have the ban lifted. This included accepting the national flag while retaining the saffron flag as the organizational symbol.

• Flag Hoisting at RSS Headquarters: According to a Times of India article, the national tricolour was hoisted at the RSS headquarters in Nagpur for the first time in nearly 52 years on January 26, 2002. The article notes that the national flag had previously been hoisted at the headquarters on August 15, 1947, and January 26, 1950, and not since.

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sardar-patel-insisted-rss-must-accept-national-flag/article7838627.ece

RSS: No need for secularism in India; colour of flag should be turned saffron as tricolour injects communalism. RSS says Secularism irrelevant in India. Contending that secularism is irrelevant in India, the RSS Saturday said saffron should have been the only colour on the national flag as other colours represented a communal thought. At a seminar on secularism for columnists held in Chennai, RSS’s All India Prachar Pramukh Manmohan Vaidya said “secularism evolved along the themes of separation of the Church and State in Europe and since India doesn’t have a history of theocratic states, the concept of secularism is irrelevant in the Indian context”.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCpYSPwPqcw
http://www.india.com/news/india/rss-no-need-for-secularism-in-india-colour-of-flag-should-be-turned-saffron-as-tricolour-injects-communalism-562680/
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/rss-secularism-irrelevant-in-india/

Shiv Bhakts Are Breaking The Law By Flying Tricolour Alongside Saffron Flag
http://www.dailyo.in/politics/shivratri-tricolour-nationalism-bhagwa-kanwariyas-sangh-parivar-secularism/story/1/18557.html

RSS rallies for a ‘Hindu rashtra’ at Jammu and Kashmir meeting
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/rss-in-kashmir-mohan-bhagwat-hindutva-sangh-social-development/1/1012315.html

150 Hindu outfits to meet in Goa to discuss ‘Hindu Rashtra’ by 2023 - The conclave is being organised by the Hindu Janajagruti Samiti (HJS), the sister outfit of Sanatan Sanstha which was caught up in controversy after the murder of rationalist Dr Narendra Dabholkar. Political analysts called the whole programme a pipedream, saying the HJS and the Sanathan Sansthan were fringe organisations that thrived on controversies and that the outfits that were participating were little known organisations.
http://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai-news/150-hindu-outfits-to-meet-in-goa-to-discuss-possibility-of-hindu-rashtra-by-2023/story-R8HWIzIvoUdHytWeZZguRI.html

BJP Hoists BJP Flag Above Tricolour - Based on the information provided in the articles, here is a summary of the events and criticisms related to Hindutva and patriotism:

Core Ideological Differences:

• Indian Nationalism (Secular): The dominant view of Indian nationalism, championed by figures like Sardar Patel, is a composite and inclusive ideology. It embraces all citizens, regardless of their religious identity, and is founded on the secular, democratic principles of the Indian Constitution.

• Hindutva Nationalism (Ethno-religious): Critics argue that Hindutva defines the nation through a singular religious and cultural identity, imagining India as a "Hindu Rashtra" (Hindu nation). This ideology, as articulated by V.D. Savarkar, is seen as exclusive and is sometimes criticized for being hostile towards non-Hindu communities whose holy sites lie outside of India.

The National Flag and the RSS:

• An article from The Hindu highlights that Sardar Patel made the RSS's "explicit acceptance" of the national flag a condition for lifting the ban on the organization in 1949, emphasizing that the flag represented a secular society.

• A Times of India article reports that the RSS hoisted the tricolor at its headquarters in Nagpur in 2002 for the first time in nearly 52 years, noting that the flag had only previously been unfurled there in 1947 and 1950.

• A Firstpost article, which I was unable to access, discusses activists who forcibly hoisted the tricolour at RSS premises.

Other Incidents and Controversies:

• A Navbharat Times article describes an incident in Ghaziabad where a BJP flag was mistakenly placed above the national tricolour during preparations for a political rally. The party took immediate action to remove the flag after the photo went viral.

• Articles from india.com, indianexpress.com, and hindustantimes.com—which I could not access—report on discussions among Hindu organizations about a "Hindu Rashtra" and the relevance of secularism in India.

https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/state/uttar-pradesh/ghaziabad/bjp-flag-topped-by-tricolor/articleshow/61705703.cms

RSS Chief Mohan Bhagwat’s Message To Gau Rakshaks: ‘Don’t Worry About SC & Govt’ - Mohan Bhagwat, the Sarsanghchalak of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, virtually gave a free hand to Gau Rakshaks, absolving them from any blame of being involved in violence.  
Delivering his annual Vijayadashmi address, Bhagwat said cow-protectors should not worry about statements by government or the Supreme Court which has called for curbing rise in cow vigilantism. Bhagwat said that with cow smuggling emerging as a serious issue, particularly near the Bangladesh border, cow-protection has assumed more significance.

He said there is a nefarious campaign against cow-protection and a bid to create tension among people of different religions.
http://www.catchnews.com/politics-news/rss-chief-mohan-bhagwat-s-message-to-gau-rakshaks-don-t-worry-about-sc-govt-83778.html

India’s A Hindu Rashtra, Says RSS Chief Bhagwat - According to Bhagwat, it is Hindutva that has "united India despite diversity of language, religion, lifestyle and custom". He added, "Hindutva accepts diversity, not divisions. That is why India is a Hindu rashtra."
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/indias-a-hindu-rashtra-says-rss-chief-bhagwat/articleshow/62597063.cms

Kanwariyas Went Berserk And Started Throwing Stones At Shops, vehicles, damaging the window panes of more than two dozen four-wheelers. They attacked Baraut police outpost and set a four-wheeler on fire. Three policemen were injured in stone-pelting. Violence continued for more than an hour in Allahabad
http://m.timesofindia.com/city/allahabad/kanwariyas-death-rumour-sparks-violence-in-prayag/amp_articleshow/59692838.cms

Saints Are Judges In Matters Of Religious Matters - Swami Nischalanand Saraswati, Sankaracharya of Govardhan Peeth, Puri, said, “Saints are judges in matters of religious matters. If we go by the Constitution, then we cannot believe in castes or the Varnashrama system. We do not have to follow a secular Constitution,”
https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/puri-sankaracharya-opposesmosque-in-the-name-of-babar/article30098574.ece

References

References - Introduction

1. Proverbs 14:34 (English Standard Version).
2. Savarkar, V.D. (1923). Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?. Nagpur: Bharat Prakashan.
3. Psalm 2:1-3 (ESV).
4. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
5. Shamsul Islam. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
6. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
7. Press Trust of India (PTI). (2017). “Ajmer Blast Case: Two RSS Pracharaks Convicted.” The Hindu, March 8, 2017.
8. Leviticus 19:15; Matthew 22:39 (ESV).
9. Mushrif, S.M. (2010). Who Killed Karkare? The Real Face of Terrorism in India. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
10. Jeremiah 29:7; Matthew 25:40 (ESV).
11. Acts 10:34 (ESV).
12. Chandra, B. (1989). India’s Struggle for Independence. New Delhi: Penguin.
13. Barua, A. (2006). Christian Missions in Northeast India. Delhi: ISPCK; Acts 17:26-27 (ESV).
14. Romans 10:17 (ESV).
15. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
16. Genesis 1:28 (ESV).
17. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books; Shamsul Islam. (2015). The RSS: Icons of Indian Right. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
18. Exodus 22:21 (ESV).
19. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media; Mushrif, S.M. (2010). Who Killed Karkare?. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
20. Isaiah 5:20 (ESV).
21. Proverbs 14:34 (ESV).
22. Genesis 1:27 (ESV).
23. PTI. (2017). “Ajmer Blast Case: Two RSS Pracharaks Convicted.” The Hindu, March 8, 2017.
24. Mushrif, S.M. (2010). Who Killed Karkare?. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
25. Mushrif, S.M. (2019); Noorani, A.G. (2019); Shamsul Islam. (2017).
26. Psalm 33:12 (ESV).

References – Chapter 1

1. Micah 6:8 (ESV).
2. Romans 1:18-21 (ESV).
3. Isaiah 42:8 (ESV).
4. Matthew 28:18 (ESV).
5. Genesis 1:27 (ESV).
6. Exodus 20:13; James 2:9 (ESV).
7. Galatians 3:28 (ESV).
8. Daniel 2:21 (ESV).
9. Romans 1:25 (ESV).
10. Hebrews 12:14 (ESV).
11. Psalm 2:10-12 (ESV).
12. Das, A. (2000). Abbey of Delight (English translation of Bankimchandra Chatterjee’s Anandamath in Bengali). Kolkata: Bandna Das, pp. 111-112.
13. Ibid., p. 140.
14. Ibid., pp. 161-162.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid., pp. 191-194.
17. James 1:20 (ESV).
18. Genesis 1:28; Deuteronomy 16:20 (ESV).
19. Romans 13:4 (ESV).
20. Rao, P.V. (2010). Foundations of Tilak’s Nationalism.
21. Psalm 68:5 (ESV).
22. Rao, P.V. (2010). Foundations of Tilak’s Nationalism.
23. Tilak, B.G. (1919). Bal Gangadhar Tilak: His Writings and Speeches.
24. Deuteronomy 17:14-20 (ESV).
25. Rao, P.V. (2010). Foundations of Tilak’s Nationalism.
26. Ibid.
27. Acts 17:26 (ESV).
28. Jaffrelot, C. (1996). The Hindu Nationalist Movement in India. New York: Columbia University Press.
29. Rao, P.V. (2010). Foundations of Tilak’s Nationalism.
30. Isaiah 1:17 (ESV).
31. Savarkar, V.D. (1923). Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?. Nagpur: Bharat Prakashan.
32. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
33. Acts 17:26-27 (ESV).
34. Savarkar, V.D. (1923). Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?.
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid.
37. Ibid.
38. Ibid.
39. Ibid.
40. Savarkar, V.D. (1984). My Transportation for Life. Bombay: Veer Savarkar Prakashan.
41. Savarkar, V.D. (1923). Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?.
42. Pandey, G. (1993). “Which of us are Hindus?” In G. Pandey (Ed.), Hindus and Others: The Question of Identity in India Today. New Delhi: Viking.
43. Savarkar, V.D. (1923). Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. Ibid.
47. Savarkar, V.D. (1984). My Transportation for Life.
48. Nandy, A. (1985). “An Anti-Secular Manifesto.” Seminar, October.
49. Colossians 1:20 (ESV).
50. Savarkar, V.D. Hindu Rashtravad.
51. Ibid.
52. Ibid.
53. Revelation 7:9 (ESV).
54. Savarkar, V.D. Hindu Rashtravad.
55. Ibid.
56. Ibid., p. 128.
57. Ibid.
58. Leviticus 19:34 (ESV).
59. Ibid.
60. Ibid.
61. Ibid. (Note: Vande Mataram by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, considered national song by Hindu nationalists).
62. Ibid.
63. Ibid.
64. Ibid.
65. Ibid.
66. Ibid.
67. Ephesians 2:14 (ESV).
68. Jaffrelot, C. (1996). The Hindu Nationalist Movement in India.
69. Shamsul Islam. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
70. James 2:1-4 (ESV).
71. Golwalkar, M.S. (1939). We, or Our Nationhood Defined.
72. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India; Golwalkar, M.S. (1966). Bunch of Thoughts. Bangalore: Vikrama Prakashan.
73. Shamsul Islam. (2017). Know the RSS.
74. Ezekiel 22:7-12 (ESV).
75. Psalm 86:9 (ESV).
76. Ambedkar, B.R. (1936). Annihilation of Caste. Bombay: B.R. Kadam.
77. Shamsul Islam. (2015). The RSS: Icons of Indian Right. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
78. Mark 10:42-45 (ESV).
79. Shamsul Islam. (2015). The RSS: Icons of Indian Right.
80. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India.
81. Psalm 33:12 (ESV).

References Chapter 2

1. Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
2. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. Matthew 25:40 (NIV).
4. Romans 1:18 (ESV).
5. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
6. 2 Corinthians 6:14 (ESV).
7. John 14:6 (ESV).
8. Laird, M. (2007). Missionaries and Education in India: The Role of Christian Schools.
9. Ambedkar, B.R. (1936). Annihilation of Caste. Bombay: B.R. Kadam.
10. Golwalkar, M.S. (1966). Bunch of Thoughts. Bangalore: Vikrama Prakashan.
11. A Paper presented in the International Seminar on “Christian Contribution to Nation-Building,” Dharmaram College, Bangalore, 24-25 July 2015 by Dr. Pius Malekandathil - Professor in History, Centre for Historical Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University.
12. Matthew 28:19-20 (ESV).
13. Micah 6:8 (ESV).
14. Romans 13:4 (ESV).
15. Romans 8:22 (ESV).
16. Genesis 1:28 (ESV).
17. Genesis 1:27 (ESV).
18. Proverbs 31:10-31 (ESV).
19. Malekandathil, P. (2015). Paper presented in the International Seminar on “Christian Contribution to Nation-Building,” Dharmaram College, Bangalore, 24-25 July 2015.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid.
24. Ibid.
25. Ibid.
26. Ibid.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Ibid.
30. Ibid.
31. Ibid.
32. Isaiah 11:6 (ESV).
33. Malekandathil, P. (2015). Paper presented in the International Seminar on “Christian Contribution to Nation-Building,” Dharmaram College, Bangalore, 24-25 July 2015.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid.
36. Acts 5:29 (ESV).
37. Malekandathil, P. (2015). Paper presented in the International Seminar on “Christian Contribution to Nation-Building,” Dharmaram College, Bangalore, 24-25 July 2015.
38. Ibid.
39. Ibid.
40. Ibid.
41. Ibid.
42. Ibid.
43. Galatians 3:28 (ESV).
44. Malekandathil, P. (2015). Paper presented in the International Seminar on “Christian Contribution to Nation-Building,” Dharmaram College, Bangalore, 24-25 July 2015.
45. Laird, M. (2007). Missionaries and Education in India: The Role of Christian Schools.
46. Oddie, G. A. (2006). Missionaries, Rebellion, and Social Change in India. Curzon Press, London.
47. Galatians 3:28 (ESV).
48. Robinson, R. (2003). Conversion, Continuity, and Change: Lived Christianity in Southern Goa. Oxford University Press.
49. Matthew 25:40 (NIV).
50. Frykenberg, R. E. (2003). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford University Press.
51. Crawford, D. G. (1914). A History of the Indian Medical Service 1600-1913. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta.
52. George, A. (2006). The Legacy of Christian Missionaries in India: Education and Healthcare Contributions. Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
53. Hardiman, D. (2006). Missionaries and Their Medicine: A Christian Modernity for Tribal India. Manchester University Press, Manchester.
54. Jones, K. W. (1976). Socio-Religious Reform Movements in British India. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
55. Lata, M. (1995). The Social Reform Movements in Colonial India: A Study of Christian Missionaries’ Influence. Macmillan India, Delhi.
56. Viswanathan, G. (1998). Outside the Fold: Conversion, Modernity, and Belief. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
57. Bauman, C. M. (2013). Christianity and Missionary Education in India: 1813–1968. Oxford University Press.
58. Lobo, G. (2009). The Indian Church and Social Change. Christian World Imprints.
59. James 1:27 (ESV).
60. Oddie, G. A. (2006). Missionaries, Rebellion, and Social Change in India. Curzon Press, London.
61. Chandra, B. (1989). India’s Struggle for Independence. New Delhi: Penguin.
62. Arockiasamy Xavier, M. (2014). Christian Educational Institutions and National Awakening. Indian Historical Studies, XI(1).
63. Golwalkar, M.S. (1966). Bunch of Thoughts. Bangalore: Vikrama Prakashan.
64. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
65. James 1:27 (ESV).
66. Matthew 25:40 (ESV).
67. Galatians 3:28 (ESV).

References Chapter 3

1. Savarkar, V.D. (1923). Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?. Nagpur: Bharat Prakashan.
2. Ibid.
3. Golwalkar, M.S. (1966). Bunch of Thoughts. Bangalore: Vikrama Prakashan.
4. Genesis 1:27 (ESV).
5. Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
6. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
7. Mark 12:31 (ESV).
8. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
9. Matthew 7:16 (ESV).
10. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
11. Ibid.
12. Islam, S. (2015). The RSS: Icons of Indian Right. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
13. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
14. Press Trust of India (PTI). (2017). “Ajmer Blast Case: Two RSS Pracharaks Convicted.” The Hindu, March 8, 2017.
15. Jeremiah 17:9 (ESV).
16. Human Rights Watch. (1999). Broken People: Caste Violence Against India’s Untouchables. New York: HRW.
17. As cited in the original text, referring to a United Christian Forum (UCF) press statement from January 10, [2025].
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid.
20. Romans 13:4 (ESV).
21. As cited in the original text, referring to UCF data from December [2024].
22. Ibid.
23. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
24. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
25. 2 Corinthians 6:14 (ESV).
26. Elenjimittam, A. (1951). Philosophy and Action of the RSS for Hind Swaraj. Bombay: Laxmi Narain Agarwal.
27. As cited in the original text, referring to a 2008 Supreme Court recognition.
28. Noorani, A.G. (2012). Challenges to Civil Rights Guarantees in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
29. As cited in the original text, referring to UCFHR data.
30. As cited in the original text, referring to reports on the 1998 Gujarat violence.
31. Citizens Commission on the Persecution of Christians in Gujarat (1998-99). Hindu Jago Christi Bhago.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Ranjan, D. (2018). “Ten Years of Kandhamal anti-Christian violence in Odisha,” November 7, 2018.
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid.
37. Ibid.
38. Ibid.
39. As cited in the original text, quoting Roger Gaekwad of the NCCI.
40. As cited in the original text, quoting an open letter from 101 Indian Catholic intellectuals.
41. Bandyopadhyay, S. (2004). From Plassey to Partition. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
42. Barua, A. (2006). Christian Missions in Northeast India. Delhi: ISPCK.
43. Islam, S. (2015). The RSS: Icons of Indian Right. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
44. Human Rights Watch. (1999). Broken People: Caste Violence Against India’s Untouchables. New York: HRW.
45. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
46. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.; Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
47. Colossians 1:13–14 (ESV).
48. Colossians 3:11 (ESV).
49. Ephesians 2:14 (ESV).
50. 1 Corinthians 3:11 (ESV).
51. Matthew 11:28 (ESV).

References Chapter 4

1. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.; Mushrif, S.M. (2010). Who Killed Karkare? The Real Face of Terrorism in India. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
2. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
3. Savarkar, V.D. (1923). Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?. Nagpur: Bharat Prakashan.
4. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books, p. 203.
5. Godse, N. (1949). Why I Assassinated Mahatma Gandhi. New Delhi: Sitya Prakashan.
6. Islam, S. (2015). The RSS: Icons of Indian Right. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
7. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
8. Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
9. Exodus 20:13 (ESV).
10. Golwalkar, M.S. (1966). Bunch of Thoughts. Bangalore: Vikrama Prakashan.
11. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
12. Exodus 20:16 (ESV).
13. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
14. Mushrif, S.M. R.S.S. - The Country's Biggest Terrorist Organization (Hindi Edition).
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid.
24. Ibid.
25. Press Trust of India (PTI). (2017). “Ajmer Blast Case: Two RSS Pracharaks Convicted.” The Hindu, March 8, 2017.
26. Mushrif, S.M. R.S.S. - The Country's Biggest Terrorist Organization (Hindi Edition).
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Ibid.
30. Ibid.
31. Ibid.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid.
37. Ibid.
38. Mushrif, S.M. (2010). Who Killed Karkare? The Real Face of Terrorism in India. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
39. Romans 13:4 (ESV).
40. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
41. Mushrif, S.M. (2010). Who Killed Karkare? The Real Face of Terrorism in India. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
42. Mushrif, S.M. R.S.S. - The Country's Biggest Terrorist Organization (Hindi Edition).
43. Ibid.
44. Isaiah 10:1–2 (ESV).
45. Psalm 19:7 (ESV).
46. 2 Corinthians 10:4 (ESV).
47. John 8:31–32 (ESV).
48. Genesis 18:25 (ESV).

References Chapter 5

1. Matthew 28:19-20 (ESV).
2. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. Barua, A. (2006). Christian Missions in Northeast India. Delhi: ISPCK.; Census of India. (2011). Religious Composition. Government of India.
4. Galatians 3:28 (ESV).
5. Jaffrelot, C. (1996). The Hindu Nationalist Movement in India. New York: Columbia University Press.
6. As detailed in the original source text.
7. Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.; Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
8. Luke 10:36-37 (ESV).
9. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
10. Census of India. (2011). Religious Composition. Government of India.
11. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
12. Chandra, B. (1989). India’s Struggle for Independence. New Delhi: Penguin.
13. Bandyopadhyay, S. (2004). From Plassey to Partition. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
14. Islam, S. (2015). The RSS: Icons of Indian Right. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
15. As detailed in the original source text.
16. 2 Corinthians 6:14 (ESV).
17. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
18. Ibid.
19. Savarkar, V.D. (1923). Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?. Nagpur: Bharat Prakashan.
20. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
21. Chandra, B. (1989). India’s Struggle for Independence. New Delhi: Penguin.
22. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
23. Romans 13:1-4 (ESV).
24. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
25. Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
26. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
27. Barua, A. (2006). Christian Missions in Northeast India. Delhi: ISPCK.
28. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.; Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
29. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
30. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
31. Leviticus 19:35-36 (ESV).
32. Mushrif, S.M. (2010). Who Killed Karkare? The Real Face of Terrorism in India. New Delhi: Pharos Media.; Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
33. Jeremiah 17:9 (ESV).
34. Psalm 119:160 (ESV).
35. Matthew 7:24, 26 (ESV).
36. Matthew 11:28 (ESV).

References Chapter 6

1. Genesis 1:27 (ESV).
2. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
3. Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
4. Acts 5:29 (ESV).
5. Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
6. Jaffrelot, C. (1996). The Hindu Nationalist Movement in India. New York: Columbia University Press.
7. Romans 13:1-4 (ESV).
8. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.; Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
9. John 15:18 (ESV).
10. Islam, S. (2015). The RSS: Icons of Indian Right. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
11. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF). (2024). Annual Report on India. Washington, DC: USCIRF.
12. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
13. Persecution Relief. (2024). Annual Report on Anti-Christian Violence in India. Hyderabad: Persecution Relief.
14. Census of India. (2011). Religious Composition. Government of India.
15. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
16. Matthew 16:18 (ESV).
17. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
18. Ibid.
19. Barua, A. (2006). Christian Missions in Northeast India. Delhi: ISPCK.; Census of India. (2011). Religious Composition. Government of India.
20. Catholic Bishops’ Conference of India (CBCI). (2024). Annual Report on Religious Freedom. New Delhi: CBCI.
21. Press Trust of India (PTI). (2017). “Ajmer Blast Case: Two RSS Pracharaks Convicted.” The Hindu, March 8, 2017.; Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
22. Mushrif, S.M. (2010). Who Killed Karkare? The Real Face of Terrorism in India. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
23. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
24. Ambedkar, B.R. (1936). Annihilation of Caste. Bombay: B.R. Kadam.; Human Rights Watch. (1999). Broken People: Caste Violence Against India’s Untouchables. New York: HRW.
25. Udoke, S.S. Tabbe Ros Jagyo – A Reaction to Intellectual Invasions on Sikhism, p. 582.
26. As cited in the original text, referring to NCRB data.
27. Ambedkar, B.R. (1945). Pakistan or the Partition of India.
28. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.

References Conclusion

1. Ambedkar, B.R. (1936). Annihilation of Caste. Bombay: B.R. Kadam.
2. Ambedkar, B.R. (1947). States and Minorities. Bombay: Thacker & Co.
3. Bandyopadhyay, S. (2004). From Plassey to Partition. New Delhi: Orient Longman.
4. Barua, A. (2006). Christian Missions in Northeast India. Delhi: ISPCK.
5. Catholic Bishops’ Conference of India (CBCI). (2024). Annual Report on Religious Freedom. New Delhi: CBCI.
6. Census of India. (2011). Religious Composition. Government of India.
7. Doniger, W., & Smith, B.K. (1991). The Laws of Manu. New Delhi: Penguin.
8. Frykenberg, R.E. (2008). Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
9. Gandhi, M.K. (1947). India of My Dreams. Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House.
10. Golwalkar, M.S. (1966). Bunch of Thoughts. Bangalore: Vikrama Prakashan.
11. Human Rights Watch. (1999). Broken People: Caste Violence Against India’s Untouchables. New York: HRW.
12. Islam, S. (2015). The RSS: Icons of Indian Right. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
13. Islam, S. (2017). Know the RSS. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
14. Mushrif, S.M. (2010). Who Killed Karkare? The Real Face of Terrorism in India. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
15. Mushrif, S.M. (2019). Brahminists Bombed, Muslims Hanged. New Delhi: Pharos Media.
16. Noorani, A.G. (2019). The RSS: A Menace to India. New Delhi: LeftWord Books.
17. Press Trust of India (PTI). (2017). “Ajmer Blast Case: Two RSS Pracharaks Convicted.” The Hindu, March 8, 2017.

About the Author: Naveen Kumar Vadde {#about-the-author:-naveen-kumar-vadde}

Naveen Kumar Vadde is first and foremost a servant of the Lord Jesus Christ, called to proclaim God’s Word and expose falsehood for His glory alone. Born and raised in India, he carries a God-given burden to see Christ exalted, Scripture defended, and people set free from deception through the power of the gospel.

By God’s grace, Naveen serves in two spheres. In the marketplace, he is a diligent Facility Management Professional, working with integrity “as unto the Lord” (Colossians 3:23). In ministry, he is a committed Christian apologist, unashamed of the gospel (Romans 1:16) and ready to give a reason for the hope within him with gentleness and reverence (1 Peter 3:15).

As a member of the Sakshi Apologetics Network, Naveen addresses challenging questions facing Christians today, engaging both in person and through media with clarity, conviction, and a biblical foundation. His first book, Vedas: Eternal or Made-Up, examines the roots and reliability of the Vedas in light of the eternal truth of Scripture, calling people to turn from man-made traditions to the living Word of God.

Naveen’s heart beats for the Great Commission — to see people saved through the gospel and to equip believers to stand firm in their faith with confidence and courage.

public dialogue, and one-on-one conversations, he seeks to strengthen the church, equip the saints, and reach the lost, always pointing to the supremacy of Christ in all things (Colossians 1:18).

Everything in his life and ministry flows from the conviction that truth is not an abstract concept but a Person — the Lord Jesus Christ — and that knowing Him is the highest calling and greatest joy.

About the Author: George Anthony Paul {#about-the-author:-george-anthony-paul}

George Anthony Paul is a sinner saved by the sovereign grace of the Triune God, called to proclaim the Lord Jesus Christ and contend earnestly for the faith once delivered to the saints (Jude 1:3). He is one of the founders of the Sakshi Apologetics Network and has a deep desire to glorify God by defending the gospel, dismantling falsehood, and pointing people to the only source of salvation and truth — the Lord Jesus Christ.

By God’s providence, George serves in two spheres. Professionally, he is a seasoned management consultant with over two decades of experience in Compliance, Risk Management, Project Management, Six Sigma, and Audits — seeking to work “as unto the Lord” (Colossians 3:23). In ministry, he is a Christian apologist, author, and teacher who grounds every argument in Scripture and aims above all for God’s glory.

George has engaged in respectful dialogue with skeptics, Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, and members of various Christian cults, and has moderated inter-religious debates while standing firmly on the authority of God’s Word. His presuppositional, biblical approach recognizes that apart from Christ, all knowledge claims collapse into incoherence.

Whether confronting Hindu nationalism, exposing the theological weaknesses of Islam, or defending the foundational doctrines of the Christian faith, George’s aim is always to exalt Christ as Lord and to show the sufficiency, clarity, and reliability of the Bible. He writes with both theological depth and accessible clarity, making complex truths understandable without diluting their meaning.

His guiding conviction echoes 1 Corinthians 2:2: “For I decided to know nothing among you except Jesus Christ and him crucified.” His greatest joy is to see the lost come to repentance, the church built up in truth, and all glory given to the God who speaks, saves, and reigns forever.

Books By Naveen Kumar Vadde {#books-by-naveen-kumar-vadde}

Vedas: Eternal or Made-up
Is Sanskrit Mother of All Languages? : The Nationalist Lie
Christ and Caste: A Biblical Answer to India’s Struggle for Justice and Dignity
Caste in India: British Creation or Brahmin Tradition?

Books by George Anthony Paul {#books-by-george-anthony-paul}

Unshaken: Biblical Answers to Skeptics Questions Genesis
Blind Men and the Elephant : A Biblical Compass to Indian Philosophy
Atheism: A Comedy of Errors
Creation Myths and The Bible: Did we get it all wrong?
The Logos of Logic: A Christian's Guide to Clear and Faithful Thinking
What Is Reality?: Cracking the Blueprint of Reality with the Bible
The Qur’an’s Failed Claim to Clarity: Who’s Telling the Story—Qur’an or Bible?
Christian Epistemology: Without God, We Know Nothing
Vedas: Eternal or Made-up
Is Sanskrit Mother of All Languages? : The Nationalist Lie
Christ and Caste: A Biblical Answer to India’s Struggle for Justice and Dignity